英国文学简史复习重点Word下载.docx

英国文学简史复习重点Word下载.docx

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isan 

extendedmetaphor 

withacomplex 

logic 

thatgovernsapoeticpassageorentire 

poem.In 

Englishliterature 

thetermisgenerallyassociatedwiththe17thcentury 

metaphysicalpoets,anextensionofcontemporaryusage.Inthe 

metaphysical 

conceit,metaphorshaveamuchmorepurely 

conceptual,andthustenuous,relationshipbetweenthethingsbeingcompared.E.g.JohnDonne“TheFlea”

3.Englishrenaissance:

The 

EnglishRenaissance 

wasa 

cultural 

and 

artisticmovement 

inEnglanddatingfromthelate15thtotheearly17thcentury.ThebeginningoftheEnglishRenaissanceisoftentaken,asaconvenience,tobe1485.Renaissancestyleandideas,however,wereslowtopenetrateEngland,andthe 

Elizabethanera 

inthesecondhalfofthe16thcenturyisusuallyregardedastheheightoftheEnglishRenaissance.E.g.ThomasMore“Utopia”WilliamShakespeare“Hamlet”

4.RomanticisminEnglishpoetry:

attheturnofthe18thand19thcenturiesromanticismappearedinEnglandasanewtrendinliterature.ItroseandgrewundertheimpetusoftheIndustrialRevolutionandFrenchRevolution.In1798ColeridgeandWilliamWordsworthjointlypublishedthe“LyricalBallads”,whichmarkedthebeginningofromanticisminEngland.（Romanticismwasanartistic,literary,andintellectualmovementthatoriginatedinEuropetowardtheendofthe18thcenturyandinmostareaswasatitspeakintheapproximateperiodfrom1800to1850.）E.g.WilliamBlake“TheLamb”RobertBurns“ARed,RedRose”

5.Dramaticmonologue:

inliterature,itreferstotheoccurrenceofasinglespeakersayingsomethingtoasilentaudience.RobertBrowning’s“MyLastDuchess”isatypicalexampleinwhichtheduke,speakingtoanon-respondingaudiencerevealsthereasonsforhisdisapprovalofthebehaviorofhisformerduchessandsometyrannicalandmercilessaspectsofhisownpersonality.

6.Streamsofconsciousness:

itisapsychologicaltermindicating“thefluxofconsciousandsubconsciousthoughtsandimpressionsmovinginthemindatanygiventimeindependentlyoftheperson’swill.”Inthe20thcentury,undertheinfluenceofFreud’stheoryofpsychologicalanalysis,anumberofwritersadoptedthe“streamofconsciousness”methodofnovelwriting.E.g.VirginiaWoolfMrs.Dalloway

7.Epiphany（顿悟）:

Deepthoughtsthatmightbegainedthroughincidentsandcircumstanceswhichseemoutwardlyinsignificant.It’sJoyce’stheory.E.g.JamesJoyceDubliners

8.CriticalrealisminEnglish:

Englishcriticalrealismofthe19thcenturyflourishedinthefortiesandintheearlyfifties.ThecriticalrealistsdescribedwithmuchvividnessandgreatartisticskillthechieftraitsoftheEnglishsocietyandcriticizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticviewpoint.E.g.CharlesDickensGreatExpectationsDavidCopperfield

WilliamBlake“TheTyger”

“SongsofExperience”

Theme:

God’screativity

Tone:

rational

Rhythm:

blacksmithing

Image:

mysteriousaugust

Sixquatrainsinrhymedcouplets;

themeterisregularandrhythmic;

fromtheperspectiveofamoreexperiencedperson

GeorgeBernardShaw:

Hewasan 

Irish 

playwright 

andaco-founderofthe 

LondonSchoolofEconomics.Shawwasagainst“artforart’ssake.”Hewrote,“Forart’ssakeIwillnotfacethetoilofwritingasentence.”Shawwasafriendofprogressivemankind.Hesupportedtheforcesofrevolutionanddemocracyintheirstruggleagainstimperialismandreaction.

Mrs.Warren’sProfessionisoneofthePlaysUnpleasant.UnpleasantitistothebourgeoispublicbecauseShawattackedinitthevicesofcapitalistsociety.Heshowsthatundertheguiseofbourgeoisrespectabilityhorriblecrimesandcorruptionareconcealed.InthisplayShawaccusesthebourgeoisofmakingprofitbyfosteringprostitution.Mrs.Warren’sownlifeexperienceasawholecannotrepresentthatoftheordinary,sufferingpoorwomenincapitalistsociety.

“Iwonderedlonelyasacloud”—WilliamWordsworth

Alyricpoem;

fourstanzasofsixlines;

alliteration;

Masculinerhymein“a,b,a,b,c,c”;

rhythmscheme:

ababcc, 

efefgg, 

hihikk, 

lmlmnn

Healsoachievesmusicalqualitybythemanagementofalliteration（e.g.“Thatfloatsonhigho’ervalesandhills”inline2and“Besidethelake,beneaththetrees”inline5）andassonance（e.g.“beneaththetreesinline5”and“Theystretchedinnever-endin