高职高专英语语法结构表文档格式.docx
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ArtArticle
PrepPreposition
AdjAdjective
AdAdverb
DetDeterminer
VVerbV-ing1Gerund
V-lng2Presentparticiple
V-ed1Pastformofverb
V-ed2PastParticiple
ToVInfinitive
SSubject
OObject
OiIndirectobject
OdDirectobject
CsSubjectcomplementCoObjectcomplement
Wh-wordswho,when,where,how,why,which,whetherConjConjunction
ExcExclamation
1.Noun(名词):
l.1ClassesofN:
countablevs(uncountable(名词的种类:
可数名词与不可数名词)l.2NumberofN(名词的数)
1.3Irregularplurals(不规则复数)
1.4GenitivecaseofN(名词的所有格)
l.5Doublegenitive(双重所有格)
e.g.aportraitofMr.Brown'
s(cf.aportraitofMr.Brown)2.Pronoun(代词)
2.1Personalpronoun(人称代词)
2.2Demonstrativepronoun(指示代词)2.3Possessivepronoun(物主代词)2.4Reflexivepronoun(反身代词)
2.5Interrogativepronoun(疑问代词)2.6Indefinitepronoun(不定代词)
2.7Reciprocalpronoun(相互代词)
2.8Relativepronoun(关系代词)
3.Numeral(数词)
3.1Cardinalandordinalnumbers(基数词和序数词)3.2Percentage(百分数)
3.3Fraction(分数)
3.4Decimal(小数)
3.5Multiple(倍数)
3.6Year,Month,Date,Time(年份、月份、日期、时刻)4.Determiner(限定词)
4.1Definiteandindefinitearticles(定冠词和不定冠词)4.2any,all,both,each,every,either,neither,no,this,etc(
4.3Quantifiers(数量词)
e.g.many,apieceof,etc(
5.Preposition(介词)
5.1SimplePreposition(简单介词)
5.2CompoundPreposition(复合介词)6.Adjective(形容词)
6.1SyntacticfunctionofAdj(形容词的句法功能)6.2Adj,Prep
6.3Adj,toV
6.4Adj十that-clause
6.5Too,Adj十toV
6.6Adj,enough,toV
6.7so,Adj十as,toV
7.Adverb(副词)
7.1SyntacticfunctionofAdv(副词的句法功能)
7.2Adverbswithorwithout-ly(带-ly和不带-ly的副词)e.g.high,highly;
most,mostly,etc(
7.3Positionofadverbs(副词的位置)
8.ThecomparativeandsuperlativedegreesofAdj/Adv(形容词和副词的比较级和最高级)
9.Verbclasses(动词)
9.1Transitiveandintransitiveverbs(及物动词和不及物动词)9.2Auxiliariesandmodalauxiliaries(助动词和情态动词)9.3PhrasalVerbs(短语动词)
e.g.dependon,turnout,catchupwith,etc.10.Tense(时态)
10.1Simplepresent,past,future(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时)10.2presentandpastprogressive(现在进行时和过去进行时)10.3FutureProgressive(将来进行时)
10.4Presentandpastperfect(现在完成时和过去完成时)10.5Futureperfect(将来完成时)
10.6Presentperfectprogressive(现在完成进行时)10.7Pastperfectprogressive(过去完成进行时)
11.Passivevoice(被动语态)
11.1Passivevoiceinsimpletenses(被动语态的一般式)11.2Passivevoiceinperfectandprogressivetenses(被动语态的完成式和进行式)
11.3Passivevoiceofphrasalverbs(短语动词的被动语态)11.4Passivevoiceofmodalverbs(含情态动词的被动语态)12.Subjunctivemood(虚拟语气)
12.1inconditionalsentences(用于条件句中)
12.1.lif,V-ed1……would,V
12.1.2if,had,V-ed2……would,have,V-ed2
12.l.3if,should/wereto,V,…would,V
12.l.4omissionofif(if的省略)
12.2inthefollowingthat-clauseafter(用于下列动词的that宾语从句中):
wish,demand,suggest,etc(
It,be,suggested/desirable(etc(
suggestion,recommendation,etc(
12.3Inthefollowingclausesandconstruction(用于下列从句和结构中)asif,clause,asthough,clause
Itistimethat
wouldrather
13.ToV(Infinitive动词不定式)
13.1assubject,object,attributeandcomplement(用作主语、宾语、定语和补足语)
13.2Indicatingpurpose/result(表示目的,结果)
13.3It,(be),Adj(,for,sb.),toV
13.4wh-words,toV(phrase)(疑问词加不定式,短语,)
13.5tobe,V-ed2,tohave,V-ed2,tobe,V-ing2(不定式的被动式、完成式和进行式)14.V-ing1(Gerund动名词)
14.1asobject,subjectandpredicative(用作宾语、主语和表语)14.2Prep,V-ing1
14.3It,be,…,V-ing1
14.4N/PronortheirPossessive,V-ing1assubjectandobject(名词,代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语)
14.5Prep,N/Pronortheirpossessive,V-ing1;
(介词加名词,代词或其所有格加动名词)14.6Being,V-ed2,having,V,ed2(动名词的被动式和完成式)15.V-ing2andV-ed2(presentandpastparticiple现在分词和过去分词)15.1aspremodifierandpostmodifierinanounPhrase(作名词的前位和后位修饰语)15.2ascomplement(作补足语)
15.3asanadverbclauseequivalent(作状语)
15.4when,While,etc.,V-ing2,V,ed2(when,while等十现在分词或过去分词)15.5(with)N,V-ing2/V-ed2([with]十名词十现在分词或过去分词)
15.6being,V-ed2,having,V-ed2,havingbeen,V,ed2asanadverboradjectiveclauseequivalent(现在分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语从句)16.BasicsentencePatternsandsentenceelements(基本句型和句子成分)Patternl:
S,V
Pattern2:
S,V,Cs
pattern3:
S,V十0
Pattern4:
S,V,Oi,Od
Pattern5:
S十V,Od,Co
17.Transformationofbasicsentencepatterns(基本句型转换)17.lInterrogativeform(疑问形式)
17.2Negativeform(否定形式)
17.3Imperativeform(命令形式)
17.4Passiveform(被动形式)
18.Therebe(Therebe结构)
18.1There,(be),N,Adv
18.2Therewill-/modalV十be/exist(s)/seem(s)tobeappear(s)tobe十N,Adv18.3There(be),N,Adj,V-ing2/V-ed2/toV,relativeclause
19.Agreement(一致关系)
19.1BetweensubjectandpredicateV(主语和谓语动词的一致关系)19.2Betweenpronounanditsantecedent(代词与其先行词的一致关系)
20.Nounclause(名词从句)
20.1thatandomissionofthat(that和that的省略)
20.2whether,if
20.3which(ever),who(ever),whom,whose
20.4when,where,why,how,howmuch/