土建毕业设计外文翻译电力塔Word文档格式.docx

土建毕业设计外文翻译电力塔Word文档格式.docx

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ByGonzaloGarcí

a-Sobrinos,IgnasiSalvador-Villà

ICCP,andJesú

sSerradilla-Echarri

A115mhightoweristhecrowningachievementofPS-10,Europe’sfirstcommercialgeneratingfacilitytobepoweredbythesun.ConstructedinSpain,thetowerhasbeendesignedtosupportlargeloads,facilitatepublicaccess,andcomplementitssurroundingsasmuchaspossible. 

Photograph:

GettyImages

Thepastfewdecadeshavewitnessedgrowinginterestinsuchrenewablesourcesofenergyasthesun,thewind,hydrogencells,biofuels,rivers,tides,andtheearth'

sinternalheat.Becauseoftheirrelativenovelty,thevarioustechnologiescontinuetoundergorapidimprovement,generatingnewengineeringchallenges.

ArecentlycompletedsolarpowerprojectnearSevilla（Seville）,Spain,illustratesthispoint.KnownasPS-10,theprojectconsistsofseveralhundredlargemovablemirrors,knownasheliostats,thatreflectdirectsolarradiationtoacentralreceiverlocatednearthetopofa115mhighconcretetower.Componentswithinthereceiverconvertthesolarradiationintoelectricity.Becausethetowerisuniqueinmanyways,itsdesignprovedchallenging.Inparticular,thetallstructurehadtobesufficientlyrobusttosupportlargeloadsyetmaintainanaestheticallypleasingappearancethatwouldbecompatiblewiththesurroundingenvironment.

Withregardtothepotentialdevelopmentofsolarenergy,Spainisoneofthemostattractivecountries,asitenjoysthegreatestamountofsunshineofanyEuropeancountry.Infact,thePlataformaSolardeAlmerí

aisEurope'

slargestcenterforresearch,development,andtestingoftechnologies 

usedtoconcentratesolarenergy.LocatedinAlmerí

a,Spain,thefacilityispartoftheCentrodeInvestigacionesEné

rgeticas,MedioambientalesyTechnoló

gicas.Moreover,Spainistheworld'

sfourthlargestmanufacturerofsolarpowertechnology.

Severalhundredmovablemirrors,knownasheliostats,below,reflectthesun'

sraysintothe115mtalltower,which,asthepreviouspagessuggest,appearstolearntowardthefieldofreflectors.

GettyImages

Giventhesefactors,theSpanishgovernmentiscommittedtoproducing12percentofitsprimaryenergythatis,thetotalamountofenergysuppliedbythenation'

spowergridfromrenewablesourcesby2010.Thisplanincludesaninstalledsolargeneratingcapacityof400Mw.InMarch2004itremovedeconomicbarriersthatpreventedtheconnectionofrenewableenergysourcestothepowergrid,makingiteasierandsaferforinvestorstodevelopnewprojectsinthisfield.

FacilitiesofthePS-10typeemployafieldofheliostatswithacontrolsystemtoreflectdirectsolarradiationtoacentralreceiverlocatedonamastorpost.Theconcentratedsolarradiationheatsupafluidlocatedinthereceivertotemperaturesbetween500°

Cand1,000°

C.Thisthermalenergycanthenbeusedtogenerateelectricity.

Infact,PS-10isEurope’sfirstcommercialgeneratingfacilitytobepoweredbythesun,havingbegunoperationsearlierthisyearinsouthernSpaininSanlú

carlaMayor,nearSevilla.Itisthefirstofasetofsolarpowerplantstobestructedinthesameareathatwillhaveatotalgeneratingcapacityofmorethan300MWby2013.Powerwillbegeneratedusingavarietyoftechnologies.

PS-10produceselectricitywith624heliostats,eachhavinganareaof120m2.Alltold,thepowerplantoccupies60haofland.Directedbyacentralcomputerizedsystem,theheliostatsconcentratethesun'

sraysatthetopofthetower,whereasolarreceiverandasteamturbinearelocated.Theturbinedrivesagenerator,producingelectricity.

Withanominalcapacityof11MW,theplantproduces24.2GWhofelectricityannually.Constructionoftheplantcost€35million（U.S.$47.8million）.ofthatamount,€5million（U.S.$6.8million）camefromtheEuropeanUnion'

sFifthFrameworkProgramme,afundthatsupportsresearchanddevelopmentworkoninnovativetechnologies.AlthoughpowerproducedbyPS-10isthreetimesmoreexpensivethanthatfromconventionalsources,thecostinsimilarplantsisexpectedtofallasthetechnologiesdevelop.

ALTAC

Beginningatanelevationof100m,anopeningextends14.1minwidthand15.3minheighttoenablethesun'

sreflectedraystoreachthereceiver.

ThePS-10plantisownedbySolú

carEnergí

a,S.A.Thefirm,commonlyreferredtoasSolú

car,designs,promotes,finances,constructs,andoperatespowerplantsthatusethesunastheirprimaryenergysource.Solú

carisasubsidiaryofAbengoa,ofSevilla,atechnologycompanywhosevariousbusinessunitsconcernthemselveswithsolarenergy,bioenergy,environmentalservices,informationtechnology,andindustrialengineeringandconstruction.

Solú

carsubcontractedtheconstructionofthePS-10planttoAbenerEnergí

a,S.A.,afirmthatisoneofAbengoa'

ssubsid