英美概况论文聚焦美国福利文化Word文件下载.docx
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2.1Oldageinsurance………………………………………………....7
2.2Disabilityinsurance……………………………………………....7
2.3Unemploymentcompensation……………………………….....8
2.4SocialsecurityCredit………………………………………….....8
2.5SocialSecurityTax………………………………………………..8
2.6FamilyBenefits………………………............................................8
3.Theprincipalwelfareprograms…………………………………..9
3.1AidtoFamilieswithDependentChildren…………………..9
3.2SupplementarySecurityIncome……………………………...9
3.3Medicalinsurance…………………………………………….....10
Conclusion……………………………………………………………….........11
Bibliography…………………………………………………….....................12
ABSTRACT
Welfareiscountryorunitofchooseandemploypersonswaitforpublicwealestablishmentthroughholdingculture,education,sanitation,improveasystemofstandardoflivingoflaborermaterialcultureceaselessly.AgehasitsprivilegesinAmerica,andoneofthemoreprominentofthemistheseniorcitizendiscount.
Anyonewhohasreachedacertainage--insomecasesaslowaslowas55--isautomaticallyentitledtoadazzlingarrayofpricereductionsatnearlyeverylevelofcommerciallife.Eligibilityisdeterminednotbyone'
sneedbutbythedateonone'
sbirthcertificate.Practicallyunheardofagenerationago,thediscountshavebecomearoutinepartofmanybusinesses—ascommonascolortelevisionsinmotelroomsandfreecoffeeonairliners.
Socialsecurityisagovernmentprogramthatprovidesafixedmonthlypaymentofmoneytopeopleover68yearsold.Workerspayforitbyhavingasmallamounttakingoutoftheirpaycheckeverymonth,whichthegovernmentinvestsverysafely.Then,whentheyretire,theyreceiveacheckinthemaileverymonthfromthegovernment.SocialsecurityisaveryimportantissueintheU.S.presidentialcampaignsbecauseolderpeopletendtovotemorethanyoungerpeople.
Keywords:
welfareculturepreferential
摘要
福利是国家或用人单位通过举办文化、教育、卫生等公共福利设施,不断提高劳动者物质文化生活水平的一项制度。
在美国,老年人享有特权,其中一个比较著名的就是老年公民折扣。
任何人到了一定年龄——在有些情况下甚至只需达到55岁——在商业的各个层面都可以得到各种各样的价格优惠。
这个资格并不是由个人需要决定的,而是取决于出生证明上的日期。
实际上,上一代人闻所未闻的折扣已经成为现今许多商业行为的一个惯例——就像汽车旅馆里的彩色电视、飞机上的免费咖啡一样寻常。
社会保险是一项政府规划,它每月为68岁以上的老人提供一定数额的资金。
每个月从业人员的从薪水中拿出一小部分来支付,然后政府对这部分钱妥善投资。
之后,等到他们退休,政府每个月便给他们邮寄一张支票。
社会保险是美国总统竞选重要的一个环节,因为比起年轻人来说,老年人更热衷于投票。
关键词:
福利文化优惠社会保险
America,ItsCulture
----Focusonwelfareculture
1.Introduction
SocialwelfaredailylifeisanindispensablepartoftheUnitedStates,thesocialwelfaresystemisverycomprehensive.UnderstandingoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica'
ssocialwelfaresystem,helpyouinimmigrantreasonablyfortheirownfavorablewelfaremeasures,fortheprotectionoftheirrights.
America'
scurrentsocialwelfaresystemisfromthe1936SocialSecurityActaftertheimplementation,graduallyperfecttogether.①Socialwelfarereferstoprogramsdesignedtoprovideassistanceforpeopleinneedofhelp.InresponsetotheGreatDepression,Roosevelt'
sadministrationenactedmanyimportantlawstohelpthepeopleoutofeconomicdifficulties.ThemostimportantlegislationwastheSocialSecurityActof1935whichprovidedprotectiontoallcitizensagainsttheeconomicriskofunemploymentandoldage.SocialSecurityprogramsincludeOld-AgeandDisabilityInsurance,Medicare,UnemploymentCompensation,andSupplementalsecurityIncome.
InAmerica,inGeneral,childreninadultAfterthemaintenanceobligationsofparentsnotlegallyandeconomically.Atpresent,theUnitedStates50States,30Statelawrequiresthechildrenofelderlyparentscouldnottakecareoftheircasetosupporttheirandtheremaining20Statesdonothavesuchrequirements.②awidegeographicaldistributionofpopulation,manychildrenhavelivedwithhisparents,thereforecausingmanypracticaldifficultiestosupporttheelderly.
AnotherproblemisthatUnitedStatessocialhalfofmarriagesendindivorce,childrencanonlybeawardedtooneoftheparents,theothersidenotlivingtogetherwithhischildren,whenchildrengrowup,itishardtohaveanobligationtotakecareofhim.UnitedStatesisnotwillingtointheelderlyrelyontheirchildren,wanttoremainindependent.AndfederalandStateGovernmentshaveavarietyofplans,lifeandpensionfortheelderlysothattheycanliveverywell.
Browningsaid:
“IntheUnitedStates,ifheisacriminal,childbondagefromthefatherinlawofwrongfulacts.Conversely,ifthefatherwasagreatsuccess,hehasnoobligationtoanyestatelefttochildren.Traditionally,UnitedStatessocietyisbasedonbasedonindividualism,individuallibertyandpersonalresponsibility.”Adultchildrenarenoabsoluteobligationtosupportparents.Guardianshipisusuallyismadeonlywhentheillnesscouldnottakecareoftheelderly.UnitedStateslegalsystemal