英语语言学填空题与答案.docx
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英语语言学填空题与答案
Chapterone
1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthe.
2.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled.
3.Thestudyof_usedinlinguisticcommunicationledtotheestablishmentofphonetics.
4.Thestudyofisknownassemantics.
5.Psycholinguisticsrelatesthestudyoflanguageto.
6.Thestudyofisgenerallyknownasappliedlinguistics.
7.Ifalinguisticstudyaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe.
8.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointoftimeinisasynchronicstudythedescriptionofalanguageasitthroughtimeisadiachronic.
9.Fromthepointofviewoflinguisticevolution,speechistowriting.
10._referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthememberofaspeechcommunity,andreferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.
11.Linguisticisdescriptivewhiletraditionalgrammeris.
12.Modernlinguisticregardsthelanguageasprimary,notthewritten.
13.Manyoftherulesoftraditionalgrammerapplyonlytothelanguage.
14.Whenthestudyofmeaningis,notinisdation,butinthecontextoflanguageuse,itbecomesanotherbranchoflinguisticstudycalledpragmatics.
15.Prescriptiveanddescriptiverepresenttwodifferentoflinguisticstudy.
答案:
1.scientificstudyoflanguage
2.generallinguistics
3.sounds
4.meaning
5.psychology
6.applications
7.descriptive
8.history;changes
9.prior
10.langue;parole
11.prescriptive
12.spoken
13.written
14.conducted
15.types
ChapterTwo
1.Phoneticsisdefinedasthestudyoftheoflanguage;ifisconcernedwithallthesoundsthatoccurintheworld’slanguage.
2.Thethreebranchesofphoneticsare_,auditoryphoneticsandacousficphoneticsrespectively.
3.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintwoways:
oneisintermsof_
andtheotherisintermsof_.
4.Bothphonologyandphoneticsareconcernedwiththesameaspectoflanguage-_______.
5.Thedifferentthroeswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticsenvronmentsarecalledthe_ofthatphoneme.
6.Theassimulationrulesassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofa_______;thusmakingthetwophonessimilate.
7.Theassimulationrulealsoaccountsforthe_______ofthealvedarnasalinsomesoundcombinations.
8.Thedeletionruletellsuswhenasoundistobedeletedalthoughitis______.
9.Languageisfirst______throughitssounds.
10.Theletter[P]intermsofplaceofarticulation______intermsofmannerofarticulationis_______.
11._______,notphoneticidentityisthectciterionwithwhichweoperatethephonologicalanalysisoflanguage.
12.Thegreatestsourceofmodificationoftheairstreamisfoundingthe_______.
13.Correspondingtothedistinctionoflongandshortvowelsisthedistinctionof_____and______vowels.
14.Aphonemeisfurtheranalyzablebecauseitconsistsofasetof______.
15.Similaralterationofstressalsooccursbetweena______andaphraseconsistingofthesameelements.
答案:
1.phonicmedium
2.labeledarticulationphonetics
3.mannerofarticulation;placeofarticulation
4.thespeechsounds
5.allophones
6.sequentialphoneme
7.varyingpronunciation
8.orthographicallyrepresented
9.perceived
10.bilabial;stops
11.phoneticsimilarity
12.oralcavity
13.tense;lox
14.simultaneousdistinctivefeatures
15.compoundnoun
ChapterThree
1.Linguistsdefinethewordasthesmallest______foundinlanguage.
2.Morphemeisthe_______________thatcarriesinformationaboutmeaningorfunction.
3.Therootconsistutesthe_____ofthewordandcarriesthemajorcomponentsofitsmeaning.
4.Morphemeareusually______:
thereisnonatureconnectionbetweentheirsoundandmeaning.
5.When_______areconjoinedtoothermorpheme(orwords),anewwordsarederived,orformed.
6.Derivationisan_______thatformawordwithmeaningandcategorydistinctfromthatofitsbases.
7.Unlikephonemesandsyllableswhicharetheelementsofsound,words_______.
8.______arethefoundationbuildingblocksofalanguage.
9.Linguistsusethetermmorphologytorefertothepartofthegrammerthatisconcernedwith______and________.
10.Thecontentwordsoflanguage,suchas____,_____,_____andadverbs,aresometimescalledopenclasswords.
11.Affixes______belongtoalexicalcategoryandarealwaysboundmorpheme.
12.Boundmorphemeswhichareforthemostpartpurelygrammaticalmakersandsignifysuchconceptsastense,number,casearecalled_________.
13._______,________andfreemorphemescombinearethemajorwaystoproducenewwords.
14.Thewayswordareformedarecalled_______.
15.Whentwowordsareinthesame_______,thecompoundwillbeinthiscategory.
答案:
1.freeform
2.smallestunitoflanguage
3.core
4.arbitrary
5.derivationalmorphemes
6.affixationa