定语从句超详细讲解.docx
《定语从句超详细讲解.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《定语从句超详细讲解.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句
一学习目标
1.熟练掌握定语从句
二考点解析
⊙定从的功能—解释说明
Thisisthefactorythat/whichcanproducesuchmachines这就是能制造这种机器的工厂
Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedlastweek这就是我们上周参观的工厂
⊙定语从句
定义:
一个简单句跟在名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。
这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。
Iboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorse.
⊙定语从句怎么考?
语法
22.Ilivenextdoortoacouplechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.(2016高考北京卷)
A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which
完形
Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.(2016高考北京卷)
阅读&写作
Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(治愈)valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.(2016高考全国卷D篇)
Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.(2016高考北京卷阅读A篇)
⊙定从原理:
把两个句子合为一个,两个句子有相同的部分,此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
Iboughtacow.
Thecowlookedlikeahorse.
定语从句:
Iboughtacowthatlookedlikeahorse
Iboughtacow.
Thecow’sfriendwasahorse.
定语从句:
Iboughtacowwhosefriendwasahorse
⊙连接定语从句的步骤:
一找:
找两句中相同成份,判断相同部分是人或物
二删:
删除从句中相同部分。
三替:
用关系词替从句中删除的部分。
四放:
将关系词放在从句前,将整个从句放到被修饰词后面。
关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as
关系词
关系副词When,where,why
●关系代词和关系副词的用法:
1.that指人或物(指先行词),在定语从句中做主语,宾语或表语
2.Which指物(指先行词),在定语从句中做主语或宾语
Thepolicefoundthecarthat/whichranintomine警察找到了撞我车的那辆车
Mysonisnolongertheboythathewas5yearsago我儿子不是五年前的他了
3.Who指人(指先行词),在定语从句中做主语
4.Whom指人(指先行词),在定语从句中做宾语
Iwanttoseethescientistwho/thatgaveusatalkjustnow我想见见刚才给我们作报告的科学家
Thegirlwhom/thatthefirefighterssavedwassenttothehospital消防员救得那个女孩被送去了医院
5.Whose指人或物(指先行词),在定语从句中做定语,即whose+n
Iwantthebookwhosecoverisred我想要那本封面是红色的书
注意:
whose=the···ofwhich,the···ofwhom
Iwantthebookthecoverofwhichisred
6.Where指地方(指先行词),在定语从句中做地点状语,有时可以根据意思把where换成inwhich,atwhich等
Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworked20yearsago
Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworked20yearsago
这是我父亲20年前工作过的工厂
Ithinkyouhavegottoapointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwillfail
我猜你已经到了一个需要改变的地步,要不你会失败
Youmustnotlookintothecase,whereyourbrotherisinvolved
你别参与这个案子的调查了,因为你弟弟卷进去了
7.When指时间(指先行词),在定语从句中做时间状语,有时可以根据意思把when换成inwhich,onwhich,duringwhich等
Irememberthedayswheniworkedinthecountry
我记得在乡下度过的日子
Julyisthemonthwhenitisthehottest
Julyisthemonthinwhichitisthehottest
七月是最热的月份
8.Why指原因,先行词是reason,在定语从句中做原因状语,有时可以根据意思把why换成forwhich
Wedonotknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhehasgonetoshanghai
我们不知道他去上海的原因
●判断关系代词关系副词
1.从句中的谓语动词。
事实上,及物动词后无宾语,就必须用关系代词;不及物动词则要用关系副词。
Thisisthemountainvillagewhereistayedlastyear这是我去年待过的村子
Iwillneverforgetthedayswheniworkedtogetherwithyou我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子
Thisisahousethat/whichheusedtolivein。
这就是他曾经住的房子
=Thisisahousewhereheusedtolive
=Thisisahouseinwhichheusedtolive
2.判断相同的部分(先行词)在定语从句中的成分(主语,宾语,定语,状语)
1 先行词在从句中做主语,宾语选关系代词;作定语只能选whose;作状语选关系副词(where地点状语,when时间状语,why原因状语)
2 先行词是point,situation,case,condition,根据单词意思一般选where或when。
⊙挑战
挑战1下
1.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich
2.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
3.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
4.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there
挑战2下
5.Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetimeheshouldbeabletobeindependent.(陕西卷)
A.whichB.whereC.whomD.when
6.Creatinganatmosphereemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.(浙江卷)
A.asB.whoseC.inwhichD.atwhich
7.Thebooksonthedesk,_____coversareshiny,areprizesforus.(四川卷)
A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.that
Whichorthat?
8.Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfof____werepublishedinthe1990s.(重庆卷)
A.whomB.whichC.themD.That
9.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
that和which相比,只能填which的情况
介词
非限制性定语从句
3.ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,_______showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.(福建卷)
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which
4.Itisatrulydelightfulplace,________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages..(湖南卷)
A.asB.whereC.thatD.which
that和which相比,只能填that的情况
序数词
最高级
不定代
表唯一
人和物
避重复
10.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
11.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfirebur