局解总结文档格式.docx

局解总结文档格式.docx

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Inferiorlumbartriangle腰下三角

–Boundaries

•Lowerpartofthelateralmarginoflatissimusdorsi

•Posteriorfreeborderoftheobliquusexternusabdominis

•Iliaccrest

Superiorlumbartriangle腰上三角

•Serratusposteriorinferior

•Erectorspinae

•Obliquusinternusabdomins

上肢

Cephalicvein头静脉

•Arisesfromthelateralsideofthedorsalvenousreteonthebackofhand

•Windsaroundthelateralborderoftheforearm;

itthenascendsintothecubitalfossaandupthefrontofthearmonthelateralsideofthebiceps.

•Itcontinuesupinthedeltopectoralgrooveandthentotheinfraclavicularfossa,whereitpiercesclavipectoralfasciatodrainintoaxillaryvein.

Basilicvein贵要静脉

•Arisesfromthemedialsideofthedorsalvenousreteofhand

•Windsaroundthemedialborderoftheforearm

•Thenascendsintothecubitalfossaandupthefrontofthearmonthemedialsideofthebicepstomiddleofthearmwhereitpiercesthedeepfasciaandjoinsthebrachialveinoraxillaryvein

Mediancubitalvein肘正中静脉

•Linkscephalicveinandbasilicveininthecubitalfossa

•Itisafrequentsiteforvenipuncturetoremoveasampleofbloodoraddfluidtotheblood

Axillaryfossa腋窝

Boundaries

•Apex

–Middle1/3ofclavicle

–Lateralborderoffirstrib

–Upperborderofthescapula

•Base

–Skin

–Superficialfascia

–Axillaryfascia腋筋膜（cribriformfascia筛状筋膜）

•Themedialwall

–Serratusanterior

–Upperfourribsandintercostalspaces

•Thelateralwall

–Intertuberculargroove

–Longheadandshortheadofbicepsbrachii

–Coracobrachialis

•Theanteriorwall

–Pectoralismajor

–Pectoralisminor

–Subclavius

–Clavipectoralfascia锁胸筋膜

•Theposteriorwall

–Subscapularis

–Teresmajor

–Latissimusdorsi

–Scapula

Contents

•Axillarya.andprincipalbranches

•Axillaryv.andtributaries

•Brachialplexusandbranches

•Axillarylymphnodes

•Looseconnectivetissue

Trilateralforamen三边孔

（trilateralspace三边隙）

•Boundaries

–Superior:

teresminor

subscapularis

lateralborderofscapula,

articularcapsuleofshoulderjoint

–Inferior:

teresmajor

–Lateral:

longheadoftricepsbrachii

•Structurespassthroughthetrilateralforamen

–Circumflexscapulara.andv.

Quadrilateralforamen四边孔（quadrilateralspace四边隙）

teresminor

subscapularis

articularcapsuleofshoulderjoint

–Medial:

longheadoftricepsbrachii

surgicalneckofhumerus

•Structurespassthroughthequadrilateralforamen

–Axillaryn.

–Posteriorhumeralcircumflexa.andv.

Axillaryartery

•Beginsattheatlateralborderoffirstribasacontinuationofsubclavianartery

•Atthelowerborderofteresmajoritbecomesthebrachialartery.

•Dividedintothreepartsbyoverlyingpectoralisminor

Branches

•Firstpart

–superiorthoracica.

–thoracoacromiala.

•Secondpart

–lateralthoracica.

•Thirdpart

–subscapulara.

•throcodorsala.

•circumflexscapulara.

–anteriorhumeralcircumflexa.

–posteriorhumeralcircumflexa.

Brachialartery肱动脉

–Beginsatthelowerborderoftheteresmajorasacontinuationofaxillaryartery

–Terminatesoppositetheneckofradiusbydividingintoradialandulnararteries

Branches

•Deepbrachiala.肱深动脉

–Followstheradialnerveintothespinalgrooveofthehumerus

•Superiorulnarcollaerala.尺侧上副动脉

–followstheulnarnerve

•Inferiorulnarcollaterala.尺侧下副动脉

–Takespartintheanastomosisaroundtheelbowjoint.

Mediannerve正中神经

–Origin

•Arisesfromthemedialandlateralcordofthebrachialplexus

–Course

•Descendsonthelateralsideofbrachialartery

•Halfwaydownthearm,itcrossesthebrachialarterytoreachitsmedialside

Humeromusculartunnel肱骨肌管

•Composition

–Formedbytricepsbrachii肱三头肌andgrooveforradialnerveofhumerus肱骨桡神经沟

•Structurespassingthroughthetunnel

–Radialnerve桡神经

–Deepbrachiala.andv.肱深动静脉

•Radialcollaterala.桡侧副动脉

•Middlecollaterala.中副动脉

Cubitalfossa肘窝

Boundaries

–Laterally:

brachioradialis肱桡肌

–Medially:

pronatorteres旋前圆肌

–Roof:

skin,superficialfacia,deepfasciaandaponeurosisofbiceps

–Floor:

brachialis肱肌,supinator旋后肌andcapsuleofelbowjoint肘关节囊

•bicepsbrachiitendon肱二头肌腱

•Medialtobicepsbrachiitendon

–Brachiala.肱动脉－dividesintoradialandulnara.,usuallyatapexoffossa

–Brachialv.肱静脉

–Mediann.正中神经

•Lateraltothebicepsbrachiitendon

–Radialn.桡神经

–Lateralantebrachialcutaneousn.前臂外侧皮神经

•Deepcubital