哥特式教堂的一些术语和词汇Word格式文档下载.docx
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Asharplypointedornamentcappingthepiers墩;
支柱orflyingbuttresses飞扶壁;
alsousedoncathedralfacades.
1.房顶尖塔,支墩或飞扶壁顶上的尖尖的装饰物;
也用于大教堂的外墙。
2.
Flyingbuttresses:
Masonrystrutsthattransferthethrustofthenave殿堂vaults拱顶acrosstheroofsofthesideaislesandambulatorytoatallpierrisingabovethechurch'
sexteriorwall.Comparethecross-sectionofBeauvaisCathedral.
2.飞扶壁:
也称扶拱垛
3.
Vaultingweb:
Themasonryblocksthatfilltheareabetweentheribsofagroinvault.
4.
Diagonalrib:
Inplan,oneoftheribsthatformtheXofagroinvault.
对角拱柱(十字肋)(AdiagonalribofaGothicvault.哥特式穹顶的对角拱柱)
5.
Transverserib:
Aribthatcrossesthenave(教堂)殿堂;
中殿oraisle走廊ata90-degreeangle.
横肋,
rib拱肋
6.
Springing:
Theloweststoneofanarch;
inGothicvaulting,theloweststoneofadiagonalortransverserib.
拱底石。
拱的最底下的石头。
在哥特式的穹顶中,指十字肋或者横肋的最底的石头。
7.
Clerestory:
Thewindowsbelowthevaultsthatformthenaveelevation'
suppermostlevel.Byusingflyingbuttressesandribvaultsonpointedarches,Gothicarchitectscouldbuildhugeclerestorywindowsandfillthemwith
stainedglass
heldinplacebyornamentalstoneworkcalledtracery.
8.
Oculus:
Asmallroundwindow.
9.
Lancet:
Atall,narrowwindowcrownedbyapointedarch.
又窄又高有个尖拱的窗。
细长的窗户被称为“柳叶窗”,圆形的则被称为“玫瑰窗”
10.
Triforium:
Thestoryinthenaveelevationconsistingofarcades,usuallyblind,butoccasionallyfilledwithstainedglass).
11.
Navearcade:
Theseriesofarchessupportedbypiersseparatingthenavefromthesideaisles.
中殿连拱,一组由支柱支撑的拱,分开了中殿和侧廊。
12.
Compoundpierwithshafts(responds):
Alsocalledthe
clusterpier,
apierwithagroup,orcluster,ofattachedshafts,or
responds,
extendingtothespringingofthe
vaults(compositepier)
pier墩
附加
Fourcommontypesofvault.Abarrelvault(alsocalledacradlevault,tunnelvault,orwagonvault)hasasemicircularcrosssection.Agroin(orcross)vaultisformedbytheperpendicularintersectionoftwobarrelvaults.Arib(orribbed)vaultissupportedbyaseriesofarcheddiagonalribsthatdividethevault’ssurfaceintopanels.Afanvaultiscomposedofconcavesectionswithribsspreadingoutlikeafan.
Pointedarch尖拱
groinvault交叉拱
normanarch诺曼式拱券
molding
线脚装饰线
rib拱肋
facade正面外墙
ambulatory半圆回廊
apse(尤指)教堂半圆形的后殿
chapel礼拜堂
cathedral天主教堂,大教堂
church(泛指)教堂
altar圣坛祭坛
capital柱头
arcade联拱
abacus(圆柱)顶板