届一轮复习人教版必修二unit 3 computers 教案Word格式文档下载.docx

届一轮复习人教版必修二unit 3 computers 教案Word格式文档下载.docx

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Period1:

Asamplelessonplanforreading

（WHOAMI？

）

Aims

Totalkaboutcomputer

Toreadaboutcomputer

Procedures

I.Warmingup

Warmingupbytalkingaboutcomputer

Lookatthepicturesonpage17.Whatarethey？

Whatdotheyhaveincommon？

Yes，theyarecomputers.Thenwhatisacomputer？

Acomputerisamachinewhichstoresknowledgeinitsmemoryanddoescalculationsonthatknowledge.Thisknowledgeisstoredinsymbols；

itiscalleddata.Acomputerusuallyhasamonitortoshowresults.However，somecomputerscanspeak；

thesecomputerscanbeusedforvoicemail.

计算机室

Acomputerfrequentlyrequiresabootdevice.Thebootdevicecontainsthecomputer’soperatingsystemanddata.Computerprogramscanbeinstalledontoacomputer.SomepeoplethinkthatcomputersarelessusefuliftheydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.TheythinkthisbecausetheInternetallowsthecomputerstosendandreceivedataandemailacrosstheworld.

曙光3000巨型计算机

Acomputerisnowalmostalwaysanelectronicdevice.Itusuallycontainsmaterialswhicharetoxic；

thesematerialswillbecometoxicwastewhendisposedof.Whenanewcomputerispurchasedinsomeplaces，lawsrequirethatthecostofitswastemanagementmustalsobepaidfor.Thisiscalledproductstewardship.

Insomecountriesoldcomputersarerecycled（melteddown）togetgoldandothermetals.Thisisdangerous，becausethisprocedurereleasesthetoxicwasteintothewaterandsoil.

Computersbecomeobsoletequickly.Veryoftentheyaregivenawayandnewonesreplacethemwithintwoorthreeyears.Thismakestheproblemworse.Computerrecyclingisthuscommon.Manyprojectstrytosendworkingcomputerstodevelopingnationssotheycanbere-usedandwillnotbecomewasteasquickly.

Computerjargon计算机行话

Computerjargonmeanswordstodowithcomputersandsurroundingtopics.Knowingwhatthesewordsmeancanhelpyouknowmoreaboutcomputers.Somepeopleusethesewordstoimpressotherpeople（Alsoknownasbuzzwords）.

Examplesofjargon:

Bit-Thesmallestdataunit，caneitherbea“0.”ora“1.”.

Byte-unitofdata.SeealsoKilobyte，Megabyte，GigabyteandNibble

CPU–CentralProcessingUnit，Anothernameforprocessor

Data-Informationstoredonacomputer

Disk-Aplacetostoredata.

Email-Electronicmail.

GHz-Gigahertz.Usedoftenincorrectlytodescribethespeedofaprocessor.Butwithsome2.4GHzprocessorsfasterthan3.6GHzones，itisclearthatitisjustasalesmantrick.

Load-Getdatafromadisk

Nibble-HalfaByte

Save-Putdataonadisk

RAM–random-accessmemory（随机存取存储器），themorethebetter.

USB-UniversalSerialBus（通用串行总线，一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座）

WWW-WorldWideWeb，partoftheInternet

II.Pre-reading

1.QuestioningandansweringWhatdoyouknowaboutcomputer？

●Electronicmachinecapableofperformingcalculationsandothermanipulationsofvarioustypesofdata，underthecontrolofastoredsetofinstructions.Themachineitselfisthehardware；

theinstructionsaretheprogramorsoftware.Dependinguponsize，computersarecalledmainframes，minicomputers，andmicrocomputers.Microcomputersincludedesk-topandportablepersonalcomputers.

●Amulti-functionelectronicdevicethatcanexecuteinstructionstoperformatask.

●Adevicethatacceptsinformation，processesit，andsuppliesanoutput.Acomputerusuallycontainsmemory，acontrolunit，arithmeticandlogicalunits，andameansforinputandoutput.

●aprogrammablehardwarecomponentthatiscontrolledbyinternallystoredprogramsandthatcanperformsubstantialcomputations（includingarithmeticandlogicoperations）withouthumanintervention.Acomputertypicallyconsistsofoneormoreprocessingunits，memoryunits，andassociatedperipheralinputandoutputdevices.

●Relatedtoautomationandelectronicdataprocessing.TheLibraryofCongresscommonlyclassesmostcomputer-relatedbooksinHF5548，QA75-76，Z52，T385，andsomeTKranges.

●amachineforperformingcalculationsautomatically

calculator:

anexpertatcalculation（oratoperatingcalculatingmachines）

●Acomputerisadeviceormachineformakingcalculationsorcontrollingoperationsthatareexpressibleinnumericalorlogicalterms.Computersareconstructedfromcomponentsthatperformsimplewell-definedfunctions.Thecomplexinteractionsofthesecomponentsendowcomputerswiththeabilitytoprocessinformation.Ifcorrectlyconfigured（usuallyby，programming）acomputercanbemadetorepresentsomeaspectofaproblemorpartofasystem.Ifacomputerconfiguredinthiswayisgive

2.DiscussingandsharingHowhavecomputerschangedourlives？

Somedaysoon，ifyouhaven’talready，you’relikelytoplugintothecomputernetworknationgrowinginourmidst.Computerterminals，orsmallcomput