最新常用临床医学术语Word格式文档下载.docx
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sexual（venereal,social）diseases性病
terminaldiseases绝症
wastingdiseases消耗性疾病
chiefcomplaint主诉
clinicalmanifestation临床表现
deliveryhistory分娩史
etiology病因学
familyhistory家族史
history,medicalhistory病史
precipitating（induced）诱因
maritalstatus婚姻状况
menstrualhistory月经史
menarche初潮
menopause闭经
pasthistory既往史
pathogenesis发病机制
personalhistory个人史
symptoms症状
cardinalsymptom主要症状
classicalsymptom典型症状
concomitantsymptom伴发症状
constitutional（systemic）symptom全身症状
indirectsymptom间接症状
inducedsymptom诱发症状
localsymptom局部症状
mentalsymptom精神症状
symptom-complex（syndrome）symptom综合症，症候群
signs体征
antecedent前驱征
assident（accessory）副征
commemorative后遗症
signofdeath死征
diagnostic诊断征
signofdisease病征
subjective自觉征，主观征
veinsign静脉征
vitalsign生命体征
bodylength（heightofthebody）身高
bodyweight体重
barrelchest桶状胸
cachexia恶病质
compulsiveposition被动体位
criticalfacies病危面容
emaciation消瘦
enophthalmos眼球下陷
entropion睑内翻
exophthalmos眼球突出
flushedface面色潮红
gain（loss）inweight增加（减轻）体重
lock-jaw牙关紧闭
lordosis脊柱前凸
nasalalaflap鼻翼扇动
nystagmus眼震
obesity肥胖
pallor苍白
scolisis脊柱侧凸
agitation焦急不安
debility,weakness虚弱
diaphoresis出汗，大量出汗
dizziness,vertigo眩晕
lassitude,fatigue无力，倦怠
malaise不适
nightsweat盗汗
numbness麻木
rigor,chill寒冷，发冷
perspiration,sweating出汗
pruritus,itching痒，
somasthenia躯体无力
tingling麻刺感
abscess脓肿
acidosis酸中毒
adhesion粘连
alkalosis碱中毒
allergy过敏
coagulationdefect凝血不良
congestion充血
dehydration脱水
distention膨胀
edema水肿
embolism栓塞，栓塞形成
fluidandelectrolyteimbalance水电解质紊乱
gangrene坏疽
hematoma血肿
hemorrhage,bleeding出血
infarction梗塞，梗死
infection传染
inflammation炎症
ketoacidosis酮酸中毒
metastasis转移
perforation穿孔
necrosis坏死
shock休克
response反应，应答
reaction反应，感应
thrombosis血栓形成
ulceration溃疡
fever,pyrexia发烧，发热
continuousfever稽留热
intermittentfever间歇热
low-gradefever低热
remittentfever驰张热
relapsingfever回归热
pain痛
burningpain灼痛
chest（flank,…）pain胸（胁腹…）痛
cramp-likepain痉挛性痛
dull,diffusedpain弥漫性钝痛
pleuriticpain胸膜炎性痛
radiatingpain（painradiatingto…）放射性痛（放射到…疼痛）angina绞痛
cardiacangina心绞痛
backache背痛
colic绞痛，急腹痛
earache耳痛
headache头痛
neuralgia神经痛
migraine偏头痛
reboundtenderness反跳痛
somatalgia躯体痛
sorethroat咽喉痛
stomachache胃痛
toothache牙痛
bloodysputum带血的痰
cough咳嗽
drycough干咳
expectoration咳痰
expectorationofblood咳血
hemoptysis咳血
anoxia缺氧
apnea呼吸暂停，窒息
asthma气喘，哮喘
CheyneStokesrespiration切－斯氏呼吸，潮式呼吸
dyspnea呼吸困难
hyperpneahyperventilation过度呼吸，换气过度
hypopnea呼吸不全，呼吸浅表
hypoxia低氧，缺氧
orthopnea端坐呼吸
respiratoryarrest呼吸停止
suffocation窒息
tachypnea呼吸急促
fetidbreath口臭
fruitybreath呼吸有水果味
arrhythmia心律失常，心律不齐
atelectasis肺不张，肺膨胀不全
cardiacarrest心搏骤停
cardiachypertrophy心脏肥大
cyanosis发绀，青紫
distensionofjugularvein颈静脉怒张
extrasystole期外收缩
galloprhythm奔马律
hemopleura血胸
hepatojugularreflux肝颈静脉回流
hypovolemia（循环）血容量减少
palpitation心悸
tachycardia心动过速
pneumothorax气胸
thrill震颤
absentbreathsounds呼吸音消失
dullsound浊音
hyperresonant鼓音
rale啰音
rhonchus,rhonchi鼾音，干啰音
wheeze哮鸣音
anorexia,lossofappetite食欲不振，厌食
dysphagia吞咽困难
eructation嗳气
belching嗳气
flatulence气胀
flatus肠胃气，屁
gaseousdistention胃胀气
hematemesis呕血
hiccough,hiccup打呃，呃逆
nausea恶心
pyrosis胃灼热
regurgitation反胃，回流
thirsty口渴
vomiting呕吐
analfissure,crackintheanalcanal肛裂
ascites腹水
board-likerigidityoftheabdomen板状腹
decreasedtactilefremitus触觉性震颤减弱
exophagealvarices食管静脉曲张
fistula瘘，瘘管
hemorrhoid痔
hernia疝
hepatomegaly肝肿大
intussusception肠套叠
jaundice黄疸
muscleguarding,defenceoftheabdominalwall腹壁肌卫
peristalsis蠕动
lossofperistalsis蠕动消失
massperistalsis总蠕动
retrograde（reversed）peristalsis逆蠕动
prolapse脱垂
prolapseofanus脱肛
rectalprolapse直肠脱垂，脱肛
volvulus肠扭转
calculus结石，石
biliarycalculus胆结石
vesicalcalculus膀胱结石
constipation便秘
defecation排便
diarrhea腹泻
incontinenceoffeces大便失禁
hematochezia便血
fecalimpaction大便嵌塞
occultblood潜血
painfulstrainingwithdefecation排便痛性牵动
claycoloredstools陶土色便
dark,granular/coffeegroundemesis咖啡样呕吐物
fecalvomiting,stercoraceousvomiting呕粪，吐粪
foulfattystools,steatorrhea恶臭脂肪便，脂肪痢
scantyandhardstools便少而硬
tarry（black）stools柏油样便
anuria无尿
burningsensationnourination排尿时的灼烧感
dysurea排尿困难，尿痛
enuresis,bedwetting遗尿
frequencyofurination尿频
micturation排尿
uresis,urination,voiding排尿
nocturia夜尿
oliguria少尿
polyuria多尿
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