职称英语综合类A级阅读理解专项试题二Word下载.docx

职称英语综合类A级阅读理解专项试题二Word下载.docx

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sAssemblyLine

Whenitcomestosinglingoutthosewhohavemadeadifferenceinallourlives,youcannotoverlookHenryFord.AhistorianacenturyfromnowmightwellconcludethatitwasFordwhomostinfluencedallmanufacturing,everywhere,eventothisday,byintroducinganewwaytomakecars--one,strangetosay,thatoriginatedinslaughterhouses（屠宰场）.

Backintheearly1900'

s,slaughterhousesusedwhatcouldhavebeencalleda"

disassemblyline"

.Fordreversedthisprocesstoseeifitwouldspeedupproductionofapartofanautomobileenginecalledamagneto.Ratherthanhaveeachworkercompletelyassembleamagneto,oneofitselementswasplacedonaconveyer,andeachworker,asitpassed,addedanothercomponenttoit,thesameoneeachtime.ProfessorDavidHounshelloftheUniversityofDelaware,anexpertonindustrialdevelopment,tellswhathappened:

"

Thepreviousday,workerscarryingouttheentireprocesshadaveragedoneassemblyevery20minutes.Butonthatday,ontheline,theassemblyteamaveragedoneevery13minutesand10secondsperperson."

Withinayear,thetimehadbeenreducedtofiveminutes.In1913,Fordwentalltheway.Hookedtogetherbyropes,partiallyassembledvehiclesweretowed（拖，拉）pastworkerswhocompletedthemonepieceatatime.Itwasn'

tlongbeforeFordwasturningoutseveralhundredthousandcarsayear,aremarkableachievementthen.Andsoefficientandeconomicalwasthisnewsystemthathecutthepriceofhiscarsinhalf,to$260,puttingthemwithinreachofallthosewho,upuntilthattime,couldnotaffordthem.Soon,automakerstheworldovercopiedhim.Infact,heencouragedthemtodosobywritingabookaboutallofhisinnovations,entitledTodayandTomorrow.TheAgeoftheAutomobilehasarrived.Today,aidedbyrobotsandotherformsofautomation（自动化）,everythingfromtoasterstoperfumesismadeonassemblylines.

Thephrase"

turningout"

inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

A"

producing"

.

B"

selling"

C"

buying"

D"

fixing"

【正确答案】：

A

【本题分数】：

3.0分

第2题

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHenryFordisNOTtrue?

AHeintroducedanewwayofproduction.

BHeinfluencedallmanufacturing.

CHeinspiredotherautomakers.

DHechangedthemindsofhistorians.

D

第3题

Amagnetoisatechnicaltermfor

Aanautomobile.

Baproductionline.

Capartofanautomobileengine.

Dadisassemblyline.

C

第4题

TheinventionoftheassemblylineenabledHenryFord

Atocreatemorejobsfortheunemployed.

Btowriteabookonhistory.

Ctoreducethepriceofhiscarsto$260.

Dtocuttheproductionofhiscarsby50%.

第5题

Thewritermentions"

slaughterhouses"

becausetheyweretheplaceswhere

AFord'

sassemblylineoriginated.

BFordmadehisfirstcar.

CFordreadjustedtheassemblyline.

DFordinnovatedthedisassemblyline.

第6题

Play

Playistheprincipalbusinessofchildhood,andinrecentyearsresearchhasshownthegreatimportanceofplayinthedevelopmentofahumanbeing.Fromearliestinfancy,everychildneedsopportunityandtherightmaterialsforplay,andthemaintoolsofplayaretoys.Theirmainfunctionistosuggest,encourageandassistplay.Tosucceedinthistheymustbegoodtoys,whichchildrenwillplaywithoften,andwillcomebacktoagainandagain.Thereforeitisimportanttochoosesuitabletoysfordifferentstagesofachild'

sdevelopment.

Inrecentyearsresearchoninfantdevelopmenthasshownthatthestandardachildislikelytoreach,withintherangeofhisinheritedabilities,islargelydeterminedinthefirstthreeyearsofhislife.Soababy'

sabilitytoprofitfromtherightplaymaterialsshouldnotbeunderestimated.Ababywhoisencouragedandstimulated,talkedtoandshownthingsandplayedwith,hasthebestchanceofgrowingupsuccessfully.

Inthenextstage,fromthreetofiveyearsold,curiosityknowsnobounds.Everytypeofsuitabletoyshouldbemadeavailabletothechild,fortryingout,experimentingandlearning,fordiscoveringhisownparticularability.Bricksandjigsaws（七巧板）andconstructiontoys;

painting,scribbling（涂鸦）andmakingthings;

sandandwaterplay;

toysforimaginativeandpretendingplay;

thefirstsocialgamesforlearningtoplayandgetonwithothers.

Bythethirdstageofplaydevelopment--fromfivetosevenoreightyears--thechildisatschool.Butforafewmoreyearsplayisstillthebestwayoflearning,athomeoratschool.ItiseasiertoseeWhichtypeoftoysthechildmostenjoys.Untiltheageofsevenoreight,playandworkmeanmuchthesametoachild.Butoncereadinghasbeenmastered,thenbooksandschoolbecomethemains