剑桥商务英语高级考试试题十二Word格式文档下载.docx

剑桥商务英语高级考试试题十二Word格式文档下载.docx

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Whicharticle（A,B,C,DorE）doeseachstatement1—8referto?

·

Foreachstatement1—8,markoneletter（A,B,C,DorE）onyourAnswerSheet.·

Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.

第1题

A

Benchmarkinginvolvesestablishingminimumstandardsofperformanceandquality,basedonidentifyingthebestmethodandpracticefollowedinotherorganisations.Thesestandardscanthenbeusedasyardstickstomeasuretheorganisation'

scurrentcosts,production,managementandcustomerfocus,andidentifyareaswheretheyfallshortofnorms.Accordingtoitssupporters,benchmarkingraisesawarenessofinnovationsandbestpractice,thushelpingallcompaniestakingpartinbenchmarkingexercisestoincreasetheircompetitiveness:

byimitatingbestpracticetheymaybeabletoreducetheircostsorimprovetheircustomerservice.

B

Thereareanumberofapproachestobenchmarking.Typically,exercisesarecarriedoutbycompaniesworkingwithinthesamefieldorsector,asintheInternationalMotorVehicleProgramme.Between1985and1990thisbroughttogethercarmanufacturersfromEurope,theUSAandJapanwiththeaimofintroducingthewesterncompaniestoJapaneseproductionmethods.Asbenchmarkingbycompetitorscanbeverysensitive,insomecasesdataismediatedthroughaneutralbody,suchasabusinessschool,toprotectconfidentialityandmakesurethatnotradesecretsarerevealed.

C

Therearealsoinstancesofcompaniesinwidelydifferentindustriescomparingtheirmanagementpractices,toseehowothershavedealtwithdifficultiesininternalcommunications,supplychainmanagement,andotherareaswherepracticeistransferablefromcompanytocompanywithoutaffectingcompetitionbetweenrivals,inotherwords,topicswhereconfidentialityisnotatissue.Toacertaindegreethispracticehasbeenaidedbythedevelopmentofinternetwebsitesdedicatedtothesharingofinformation,siteswhich,beinginthepublicdomain,areuniversallyaccessible.Ofcourse,thismeansthatonlycertaintypesofdataareprovided.

D

Unlikebenchmarkingexerciseswithcompetitors,whichruntheriskthatparticipantsmaywanttotakewhattheycanandgiveawayaslittleaspossible,benchmarkingbetweenthedivisionsorbusinessunitsofasinglecompanyisfarlesslikelytoleadtothewithholdingofinformation.Asaby-product,co-operationamongdifferentsectionsofthecompanymaywellbeenhanced,boththroughincreasedunderstandingofhowothersoperate,andbysimplybeingabletoputafacetoaname,andknowwhototalktoaboutaparticularwork-relatedproblem.

E

learningfromthesuccessesandfailuresofotherscanofcoursebeveryvaluable.Ontheotherhand,criticsclaimthatbyconcentratingonexistingbestpractice,companiessimplyseektoemulateotherbusinesses.Contenttoachievethebestofwhatisbeingdoneatthemoment,theydonotattempttomovebeyondittoreachthebestpossible.Howeverthisignoresthecreativeaspectoftheprocess:

learningaboutotherorganisations'

operationsmaywellsparkofffreshideas,asinabrainstormingsession,andleadintotherealmoftrueinnovation.

Ideasthatemergefromabenchmarkingexercisemaybebetterthananycurrentpractice.

【正确答案】：

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第2题

Insomecasescompaniesreceiveinformationwithoutknowingwhichorganisationproducedit,

第3题

Certainmethodsofbenchmarkinggenerallydonotimposerestrictionsonthekindsofknowledgethatcanbesharedopenly.

第4题

Onegoalofbenchmarkingistosolveproblemscommontocompaniesinavarietyoffields.

第5题

Benchmarkingexercisescanenableallparticipantstomakeimprovementsintheiroperations.

第6题

Benchmarkingexercisesmayleadtoanimprovementincontactswithotherpeople.

第7题

Itmaybeaweaknessofbenchmarkingthatorganisationsimitateothers,

第8题

Someformsofbenchmarkingdonotrestricttheavailabilityofdatatothoseorganisationstakingpart.

二、READING（PARTTWO）（共6小题,共6.0分）·

InthispartoftheReadingTestyoureadatextwithgapsinit,andchoosethebestsentencetofilleachgapfromasetofeightsentences.·

Firstreadthetextforoverallmeaning,thengobackandlookforthebestsentenceforeachgap.·

Makesurethesentencefitsboththemeaningandthegrammarofthetextaroundthegap.·

Readthearticleontheoppositepageaboutmanagementbuyoutsofcompanies.·

Choosethebestsentencefrombelowtofilleachofthegaps.·

Foreachgap1-6,markoneletter（A-H）onyourAnswerSheet.·

Donotuseanylettermore