考研英语一真题及答案.docx

考研英语一真题及答案.docx

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考研英语一真题及答案

2022考研英语一真题及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranis___1___tosayitanyway.Heisthat___2___bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently___3___anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnot___4___thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.

___5___he,however,mighttrembleatthe___6___ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly___7___thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin___8___areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.

ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,___9___12-15pointsabovethe___10___valueof100,andhavecontributed___11___totheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe___12___oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,___13___.Theyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,___14___,havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.Theformerhasbeen___15___tosocialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionof___16___education.Thelatterwasseenasa（an）___17___ofgeneticisolation.Dr.Cochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddiseasesareintimately___18___.Hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas___19___themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis___20___stateofaffairs.

1.[A]selected[B]prepared[C]obliged[D]pleased

2.[A]unique[B]particular[C]special[D]rare

3.[A]of[B]with[C]in[D]against

4.[A]subsequently[B]presently[C]previously[D]lately

5.[A]Only[B]So[C]Even[D]Hence

6.[A]thought[B]sight[C]cost[D]risk

7.[A]advises[B]suggests[C]protests[D]objects

8.[A]progress[B]fact[C]need[D]question

9.[A]attaining[B]scoring[C]reaching[D]calculating

10.[A]normal[B]common[C]mean[D]total

11.[A]unconsciously[B]disproportionately[C]indefinitely[D]unaccountably

12.[A]missions[B]fortunes[C]interests[D]careers

13.[A]affirm[B]witness[C]observe[D]approve

14.[A]moreover[B]therefore[C]however[D]meanwhile

15.[A]givenup[B]gotover[C]carriedon[D]putdown

16.[A]assessing[B]supervising[C]administering[D]valuing

17.[A]development[B]origin[C]consequence[D]instrument

18.[A]linked[B]integrated[C]woven[D]combined

19.[A]limited[B]subjected[C]converted[D]directed

20.[A]paradoxical[B]incompatible[C]inevitable[D]continuous

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,〞accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries（thefemalereproductiveorgans）removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.

Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities〞forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,〞saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,〞sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.〞

Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.〞

AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.