届高考英语二轮复习精准阅读理解主旨大意二文档格式.docx

届高考英语二轮复习精准阅读理解主旨大意二文档格式.docx

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Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;

theAmericasabout1,000;

Africa2400;

andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction（消亡）,withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon（eightremainingspeakers）,ChiapanecoinMexico（150）,LipanApacheintheUnitedStates（twoorthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one,withaquestion-mark）:

noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.

B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Complex.

B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.

D.Modern.

3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800

B.About3,400

C.About2,400

D.About1,200

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People'

slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

2、 

IwasreallynervousaboutEnglishclassthisyearbecauseIwasaneleventhgradertakingatwelfthgradeclass.IknewthatIwouldn’tknowanyoneintheclass,andthatscaredmealittle.ButsinceIdidn’tknowanyone,IhadthechancetodosomethingIlovealmostasmuchassocializing—peoplewatching.

Oneofthemostinterestinggirlsintheclasssatdirectlybehindme.Shewasalwayslaughingandtalking,andshejustseemedsohappy.Shewasfriendly,too—shewasoneoftheveryfewpeopleintheclasswhomadeanyattempttoacknowledgeme.

Attheendoftheyear,wewereassignedabigproject.Itwasaveryopen-endedproject,wheretheinstructionswerebasicallytoreadsomething,thenreadorwatchsomethingelsethatrelatedtoit,andthencomeupwithaclasspresentationbasedonwhatyoulearned.

Thepresentationswerespreadoutoverthelastmonthofschoo1.Thegirlbehindmepresentedononeoftheverylastdays.Shegotupinfrontoftheclass,andtoldhowshehadreadabouteatingdisorders,becausesheherselfhadstruggledwithone.Sinceitwouldhavebeentoodifficultforhertotalktousaboutitdirectly,sheandafriend（whohadalsosufferedfromaneatingdisorder）hadmadeamovie,wheretheyinterviewedeachotherabouttheireatingdisorders,howtheyhadfeltwhiletheywerestrugglingwiththem,andhowtheyhadovercomethem.Bytheendofthepresentation,almosteveryonewasintears.

Themostshockingthingaboutthewholepresentationwashowsurprisingitwas.Ineverexpectedthatshewouldhavehadaproblemlikethat.Shealwaysseemedsohappyandconfident;

itwashardtopicturehercountingcaloriesbecauseshethoughtshewasn’tgoodenough.

Youalsoneverknowwhatkindofimpactyouhavehadonpeople’slives.Thecourageofthegirlbehindmetotalkaboutsomethingsopersonal,andherstrengthtoaskforhelpandovercomeherproblemshaveinspiredme.

1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.Thewriterwasatwelfth-grader.

B.Thewriterlikedobservingpeople.

C.Englishwasthewriter’sweaksubject.

D.Thewriterhadafewfriendsintheclass.

2.Howdidthewriterfindthegirlfriendly?

A.Shesatdirectlybehindthewriter.

B.Sheattemptedtodisturbthewriter.

C.Shewasalwayslaughingandtalking.

D.Shesaidhellotothewriterinsomeway.

3.Whatisthe4thparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thegirl’spresentati