极深条件下的高效长壁采煤外文文献翻译中英文翻译Word格式文档下载.docx

极深条件下的高效长壁采煤外文文献翻译中英文翻译Word格式文档下载.docx

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TechnicalUniversityofClausthal,InstituteforMining,Clausthal-Zellerfeld,Germany

ABSTRACT:

StagnationofcoalpricestoalowlevelontheinternationalcoaltradingmarketsreducesprofitsandpressuredtheGermanhardcoalcompaniestoreducetheminingcostsbyincreasingofthefaceoutputandatthesametimebyreducingthenumbersofworkingpoints.Thisconcentrationcouldbeachievedbytheinsertionofhighperformancelongwalloperations.

Thesuccessoflongwalloperationsis.dependentuponkeypointslikeGeology,equipmentandtheminelayout.Thispaperdiscussesthedefinitionofhighperformancelongwallextractioninlargedepthsandintroducesthestandardparametersoftheequipmentandthetypicalcoefficientsoftheselongwalloperationsaswell.

Keywords:

highperformance;

longwall;

largedepth

1INTRODUCTION

TheeconomicconditionsfortheGermanhardcoalminingindustryhavechangedsignificantlyinrecentyears.TheGermanhardcoalindustryhaduntiltheearly1990sasecuresellingmarket.The,,Jahrhundertvertrag”guaranteedthepurchaseofGermanhardcoalbyheavyindustryandsteelandenergyproviders.InthelastfewyearsthedevelopmentoftheEuropeanUnionandasweepingliberalizationoftheenergymarketsleadtoheavyEuropeanandinternationalrivalry.Thisincreasingcompetition,causedbytheimportofinexpensivehardcoalfromoverseas,pressuredtheGermanhardcoalindustrytoreact.Itwasnecessarytoconcentratetheextractiononthemostprofitablecollieriesandtoexcavateonlythemostsuitablepartsofthedeposits.Untilrecentlyitwasrequiredtominetheentiredeposit.Althoughthenumbertheminingoperationsdecreasedfrom147in1990to64in1997a56%decrease,thecoaloutputdecreasedbyonly32%to47mu,tons.Thisconcentrationwillcontinue.Additionally,areductionofthecostsofproductionandanincreaseinproductivityrequiredthedevelopmentofnewandinnovativetechniquesandfaceequipment.ThegoalofthesedevelopmentsistocompensateforthecompetitivedisadvantageduetothegreatdepthoftheGermanhardcoaldepositswiththemostmoderntechnologyandminingmethods.

HardcoalmininginGermanyisbasedonacentury-oldtradition.Figure1showstheGermanhardcoalbasins.

Even500yearsagoonlytheout-cropofthecoalseamswasmined.Sincethemid-i9thcentury,theIndustrialRevolutionandtheresultingneedforenergypromotedtherecoveryofthedepositsandtheextractioninever-increasingdepths.Since1920theaverageminingdepthhasincreasedfrom330mto648min1959andliestodayat1,006m（1997）.SomelongwaUoperationshavereacheddepthsofaround1,450m..

Figure1:

Germanhardcoalbasins

Figure2:

Sinkingoftheseam-bearingstrataintheRuhr-areainthenortherndirection

Anadditionalproblemistheincreasingcoverageoftheremaininghardcoaldeposits.Figure2showsthesinkingoftheseam-bearingstrataintheRuhr-areainthenortherndirection.

Thenewworkingareasandhardcoalmines,whichopenupthedepositsingreatdepth,areattachedwithoutexceptiontotheexistingoldcoalmines.Themainproblemistoimprovetheseexistingmines,originallydesignedformuchsmallerworkingpointcapacity,tohandlehighperformancelongwalloperationsandtotransporttheentireconveyancedischargethroughtheoldminetothecoalpreparationplant.

2HIGHPERFORMANCELONGWALLOPERATIONS

InGermanytheterm“highperformancelongwalloperation”isnotclearlydefined.Usuallywedescribeitasthelongwallwhichextractanetamountofover16,000thighqualitycoalperday.Thatmeans30,000trun-of-minecoalperday.Theseoperationscanberoughlydescribedbythefollowingsimpleguidelines

（1）.

•Netproduction（effectivedelivery）:

Over16,000thighqualitycoalfromgreatdepths>

1,000m

•GrossProduction（totaldelivery）:

Upto1.6timesthenetproduction,

•30,000trun-of-minecoal/d

•Facelength:

Upto480m（600mareplanned）

•Powerconsumption:

Upto4,500kWatthelongwall

•Workinglength:

Severalkilometers

•Areaincrementoffaceadvance:

Over16m2/minupto25m2/min

•SupportingPerformance:

Atleast1.2timestheareaincrementoffaceadvance,upto30m2/min

•Productivityinthelongwall:

Over200tv.F.IMS（Europeanrecord:

452tv.F./MSinEnsdorfColliery）

•Goaftreatment:

Roof-fallexploitation

•Developmentdesign:

Withparallelheadingsandinclines

Inordertointegratethehighperformancelongwalloperationsintheexistingcollieries,itwasnecessarytocarryoutadaptationmeasures.Thefirstmeasurewastooptimizethedevelopmentdesignandorientationofthenewworkingareasandattachedmines.

2.1Demandsontheminelayout

Thegreatdepth,inwhichtheGermanhardcoaldepositslie,hasa