最新北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试文档格式.docx

最新北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试文档格式.docx

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　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

　　Passage1

　　Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　ScientistsinIndiahaveinventedanewwaytoproduceelectricity.Theirinventiondoesnotgetitspowerfromoil,coalorotherfuels,itproduceselectricitywiththepowerofanimals.Indiahasabouteightymillionbullocks.Theydoallkindsofjobs.Theyworkinthefields.Theypullvehiclesthroughthestreets.Theycarrywatercontainers.（76）Indianenergyofficialshavebeenseekingwaystouselessimportedoiltoprovideenergy.ScientistsattheNationalInstituteforIndustrialEngineeringinBombay（孟买）wonderedwhetherthemillionsofbullockscouldhelp.ManyvillagesinIndialackelectricity,buttheyhavemanybullocks.Andoftentheanimailsarenotworking.Onejobdonebybullocksistopumpwateroutofthewell.Theanimalsdothisbywalkingaroundandaroundinacircle.Astheywalk,theyturnaheavystickthatmakesthepumpmove.Thissimpletechnologyiscenturiesold.Scientiststhoughtthatthesametechnologycouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.Bullockswalkinacircleonlytwoorthreetimesaminute.Thisismuchtooslowtoproduceelectricity,butitcancreateenoughpowertoturnaseriesofgears（齿轮）.Alargegearsitsnexttoasmallergear.Asthelargegearturnsitcausesthesmallergeartoturn.Thatgearturnsanevensmallerone.Eachgearmovesfasterbecauseitisalittlesmaller.Thesmallestgearmayturnextremelyfast.（77）Clocksoperatewithgears.SodocarsandsodoesthedeviceinventedbyheIndianscientiststoproduceelectricity.

　　AccordingtotheofficialsintheUnitedNations,theideaisbeingtestedatseveralplacesinIndia.Thedeviceiseasytooperateandrepair.Anditcanbemovedeasily.Itcostsaboutthreehundredandsevendollarsnowtomakesuchadevice,butproductionoflargenumbersofthemcouldcutthecostofeachtoabouttwohundreddollars.

　　1.Whofirstthoughtofusingbullockstoprovideenergy?

A.Indianenergyofficials.

B.ScientistsinIndia

C.OfficialsintheUnitedNations

D.ResearchersinEurope

　　2.WhichkindofjobthatthebullocksdoisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Pullingvehicles.

B.Plowingfields

C.Pumpingwateroutofwells

D.Carryingfoodbaskets.

　　3.WhyarebullocksusedtoprovideenergyinIndia?

　　A.BecausebullockshavelongbeenusedbyIndianpeople

　　B.Becausebullockswalkslowlyandareeasytocontrol.

　　C.Becausetherearefewnon-workingbullocksinIndia

　　D.BecausethereisnotenoughoilinIndia.

　　4.Inthesentence“Thissimpletechnologyiscenturiesold”inParagraphOne,“Thissimpletechnology”refersto___________.

　　A.usingbullockstoproduceenergy

　　B.usingpumpstodrawwaterout

　　C.havingbullockswalkaroundtomakethepumpmove

　　D.connectinggearsofdifferentsizestoproduceelectricity

　　5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthedevicementionedinthepassage?

　　A.Ithasalargegearandasmallergear.

　　B.It’seasytouse,butdifficulttomove

　　C.It’squitecheap.

　　D.It’sstillbeingtested.

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　On-the-jobsmokingisahotissueforbothsmokersandnon-smokers,andmanymanagersnowseesmokingasaproductivity（生产力）problem.Althoughsomepeoplequestionwhethersmokingreallyaffectsone’sproductivity,ithas,infact,beenproventhatasmokercostsacompanymorethananon-smoker.AccordingtoprofessorWilliamWeis,asmokingemployeecostshisorheremployerabout$5,700moreayearthananever-smoker.Thesecostsincludemedicalcare,lostearningsandinsurance.Andabsenceduetosmokingbreaksisoneoftheproductivityproblems,yetitaccountsforagreatdealofemployercosts.

　　（78）Whentheissueofsmokingattheworkplaceisdiscussed,perhapsthemostimportantproblemisthehealthriskthatsmokingcausestobothsmokersandnever-smokers.Ithaslongbeenproventhatsmokingislinkedtolungcancer.Nowmanyhealtyexpertswarnthatpassivesmokingcancauselungcancerandotherillnessesinhealthynever-smokers.Passivesmokingcanbedefinedasexposuretosecond-handtobaccosmokeinenclosedareas.Anyonewhohasbeenwithsmokersindeedknowsthattheirsmokecancauseeyeirritation（刺激），coughing,headachesandthroatsoreness.Whileeyeirritationmayseemasmallthingtosomesmokers,itneverthelessisaproblemthatoccurseveryworkdayinofficesandbreak-roomsandcanleadtogreaterhealthproblems.Employeeswhodo