初中被动语态讲解课件PPT文件格式下载.ppt

初中被动语态讲解课件PPT文件格式下载.ppt

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,主动语态：

表示主语是动作的执行者。

被动语态：

表示主语是动作的承受者。

如：

ManystudentsstudyEnglish.（主动语态）Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.（被动语态）,语态,Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。

被动语态的用法,

（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,Itssaid/reported/+that据说/据报道Itsreportedthatitwillraintomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。

（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。

ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.,（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：

is/are+过去分词,CarsaremadeinChina.,Thedeskismadeofwood.,Englishistaughtinourschool.,如何由主动语态变成被动语态呢？

bymanystudents.,1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.,English,isstudied,2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,aremade,bythem,inthatfactory.,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：

is/are+过去分词,1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2.将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动,3.将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by的宾语放在谓动词之后,运用一下吧,TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.,1.Theyboughtacomputerlastterm,bythemlastterm.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：

was/were+过去分词,lastyear.,2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.,Manytrees,wereplanted,Acomputer,wasbought,Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Theroomswereusedforrestingbythem.,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：

begoingtobe/willbe+过去分词,1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,bythemintendays.,Thework,willbefinished,2.Tomisgoingtocleantheroomtomorrow.,Theroom,isgoingtobecleaned,byTomtomorrow.,Wewillheldasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.,Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.,Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：

can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,1.AmycantakegoodcareofGina,byAmy.,Gina,canbetakengoodcareof,2.Youshoulddrinkmorewater.,Morewater,shouldbedrunk,byyou.,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is/am/are+being过去分词,1.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,bysomeworkersnow.,Therooms,arebeingpainted,2.HeiswatchingTV.,TV,isbeingwatched,byhim.,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have/hasbeen过去分词,1.Wehavemadeakey,byus.,Akey,hasbeenmade,2.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.,Ourcompositions,havebeenfinished,byus.,Thepassivevoice,被动语态,英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.,被动语态的构成:

助动词be+（及物动词的）过去分词,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时shall/will+be+done过去将来时would/should+be+done现在进行时am/is/are+being+done过去进行时was/were+being+done现在完成时have/has+been+done过去完成时had+been+done,被动语态的几种类型,1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。

如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加for或to,如：

1.Hegavemeabook.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.AbookwasgiventomebyTom.2.Iboughthimabook.Hewasboughtabookbyme.Abookwasbuoghtforhimbyme.,Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.,2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,-Mychildistakengoodcareof.,-Theradiowasturnedoff（byme）.,即hear,watch,see,make,let,这些词在变被动句时必须加to.,1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.,He,wasseen,toplaybasketballlastSunday.,2.Thebossmakeshimworkfor10hours.,He,ismade,toworkfor10hours.,3.在主动语态中省去to在变为被动语态时应补出来,4.主动结构表被动含义,1）look.smell.sound.feel.taste等作连系动词用时，主动形式表被动意义。

Eg.棉花摸起来很柔软。

Cottonfeelssoft.,这老妇人看起来焦急。

Theoldwomanlooksworried.,2）write.read.sellwashopen.lock等常和表示行为方式的状语连用表达效果和程度时常用主动表被动。

EgThispenwriteswell.这笔很好用。

这书很畅销,Thisbooksellswell.,3）动词need,want,require（需要）等接动名词作宾语构成主动结构表被动含义,Eg他的鞋需要修理。

Hisshoesneededmending.,填空（完成被动语态填空）1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改为被动语态）Theirclassroom_often_bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）Anewpen___Tomlastweek.,is,cleaned,wasgivenby,Practice,3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）English___byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）English___forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）Thesestory-books___nextmonth.,canbespoken,hasbeenlearned,willberead,5.Doyouliketheskirt?

It_soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?

Youwerehereanhourago.Who_for?

A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait,7._toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.Iwanttositatthetable