高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit1Culturalrelics练习新人教版必修Word文档格式.docx

高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit1Culturalrelics练习新人教版必修Word文档格式.docx

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Researchhasshownthatfirst-bornchildrenarebetterthantheirkidbrothersorsisters.First-bornsdobetteronIQtestsandaremorelikelytobeepresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutlesslikelytododrugsandsoon.

Butwhybirthorderappearstomattersomuchforschoolachievementlevelismuchlessclear.Manytheorieshavebeenputforward,rangingfromtothestablefamilylifeandtodifferentschoolingsamongchildren.Basedonlongstudiesofdatafromsurvey,PantanoandIofferadifferentexplanation:

Itesdowntoparents’reputationsformaintainingdiscipline（维持纪律）withtheirkids.

Thebasicideaisthis:

Therearetwotypesofparents—thosewhoinourstudywecall“unforgiving”—they’llpunishchildrenforpoorschoolperformance,regardlessofthechild’sbirthorder,andthosewhoare“forgiving,”meaningtheydon’tliketopunishanyoftheirchildren,regardlessofbirth.Thelattertypeofparentsfaceadilemma.Iftheydon’tpunishtheiroldestchild’spoorbehavior,alloftheirchildrenwillfollowsuit.Asaresult,allofthemwilltendnottoworkhardinschool.Toavoidthissituation,forgivingparentsarestrictwiththeirfirst-born,hopingtoconveyanideathatwillinfluencethebehavioroftheiryoungerchildrenaswell.Theyoungerchildren,seeingtheirbigbrotherorsisterpunished,willbelesslikelytoslackoff（懈怠）inschoolbecausetheycan’tbesurethatmomanddadaren’treallyunforgivingtypes.

Sotheouteofthisstrategicparentingisthatwhileallchildrenbenefitfromthefirst-born’spunishments,theinfluenceisthegreatestontheeldestchild.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,first-bornchildren’sbetterperformanceliesin　　　　. 

A.personalawarenessB.schooleducation

C.differentparentingD.familybackground

2.Whatisthepointofthe3rdparagraph?

A.Toinformthereadersofthebasisoftheresearch.

B.Toexplainhowthestudywasconducted.

C.Toexposethetruthoftheparentingproblem.

D.Toshowhowparentscaninfluencetheirkids.

3.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably　　　　. 

A.Studiesonraisingfirst-borns

B.Howtoteachkidsbehavebetterinschool

C.Differentparentingstyles

D.Whyfirst-bornkidsdobetterinschool

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,介绍为何头胎孩子胜过他们的弟弟妹妹们。

1.C　推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知,由于父母对孩子的教育方式不同,因此头胎孩子获益最大,故选C项。

2.A　段落大意题。

由第三段第一句“Thebasicideaisthis:

”可知,作者主要说明研究的基本内容。

故选A项。

3.D　标题归纳题。

纵观全文,主要讨论为何头胎孩子胜过他们的弟弟妹妹们,在学校表现更突出。

D项概括了文章主旨。

B

Whenherfivedaughterswereyoung,HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinunity（团结）.Toshowthis,shehelduponechopstick,representingoneperson.Thensheeasilybrokeitintotwopieces.Next,shetiedseveralchopstickstogether,representingafamily.Sheshowedthegirlsitwashardtobreakthetiedchopsticks.Thislessonaboutfamilyunitystayedwiththedaughtersastheygrewup.

HeleneAnandherfamilyownalargerestaurantbusinessinCalifornia.However,whenHeleneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn’thavemuchmoney.TheymovedtheirfamilytoSanFrancisco.TheretheyjoinedDanny’smother,Diana,whoownedasmallItaliansandwichshop.Soonafterwards,HeleneandDianachangedthesandwichshopintoasmallVietnameserestaurant.Thefivedaughtershelpedintherestaurantwhentheywereyoung.However,Helenedidnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseshethoughtitwastoohard.

Eventuallythegirlsallgraduatedfromcollegeandwentawaytoworkforthemselves,butonebyone,thedaughtersreturnedtoworkinthefamilybusiness.TheyopenednewrestaurantsinSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.Eventhoughfamilymemberssometimesdisagreedwitheachother,theyworkedtogethertomakethebusinesssuccessful.DaughterElizabethexplains,“Ourmothertaughtusthattosucceedwemusthaveunity,andtohaveunitywemusthavepeace.Withoutthestrengthofthefamily,thereisnobusiness.”

Theirexpandingbusinessbecamealargecorporationin1996,withthreegenerationsofAnsworkingtogether.NowtheAns’corporationmakesmorethan$20millioneachyear.Althoughtheybeganwithasmallrestaurant,theyhadbigdreams,andtheyworkedtogether.Nowtheyareabigsuccess.

1.Helenetiedseveralchopstickstogethertoshow　　　　. 

A.thestrengthoffamilyunity

B.thedifficultyofgrowingup

C.theadvantageofchopsticks

D.thebestwayofgivingalesson

2.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thattheAnfamily　　　　. 

A.startedabusinessin1975

B.leftVietnamwithoutmuchmoney

C.boughtarestaurantinSanFrancisco

D.openedasandwichshopinLosAngeles

3.WhatcanweinferabouttheAndaughters?

A.Theydidnotfinishtheircollegeeducation.

B.Theycouldnotbeartoworkinthefamilybusiness.

C.TheywereinfluencedbywhatHelenetaughtthem.

D.Theyweretroubledbydisagreementamongfamilymembe