成人本科学士学位英语考试附答案Word文件下载.docx

成人本科学士学位英语考试附答案Word文件下载.docx

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Don'

tthinkyourfatcells

won'

tnotice.AnewstudypublishedinTheAnnalsofInternalMedicine（amedical

journal）findsthatinadequateshut-eyehasaharmfuleffectonfatcalls,reducingtheirabilitytorespondtoinsulin（胰岛素）byabout30percent.Overthelong-term,this

decreasedresponsecouldset-thestagefortype-2diabetes（amedicalconditioninwhichsomeonehastoomuchsugarinhisorherblood）,fattyliverdiseaseandweightgain.

Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatthere'

s“anintimaterelationshipbetweentheamountofsleepwegetandourabilitytomaintainagood,healthybodyweight”

sayssleepexpertHeleneEmsellem,directoroftheCenterforSleepandWakeDisordersinChevyChase,Maryland.（76）ButAmericansdon'

tseemtobegettingthemessagethatweneedseven

toninehourspernight.Morethan1in5ofus,accordingtoareportformtheCentersforDisease

ControlandPrevention,isgettingsixorfewerhoursofsleeppernight,onaverage.

SohowdidresearchersstudyfatcellsintheAnnalspaper?

MatthewBradyoftheUniversityofChicagoandagroupofcolleaguesselectedandpersuadedsevenvolunteerstotakepartintheresearchproject.Theywereallyoung,thinandhealthyandagreedtosleepforeightnightsinasleeplab.“Forfournightstheywereallowedtostayinbedfor8.5hoursanight，”saysBrady.

Then,amonthlater,theycamebackforfouradditionalnights—butthistimetheywereallowed

just4.5hoursofsleeppernight.Andaftereachvisit,researchersgotasampleoftheirfat.（77）

Bradyexplainsthatthefatcellsrespondedsignificantlytothelossofsleep.“Iwasverysurprised

tobehonest，”hesays.

Badthingscanhappenwhenfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.“Fatcellsareactuallyyourfriend，“hesays.“They'

retheretostorelipids（血脂）.”Whenlipidsstayinsidethecells，yourbodycanutilizethefatwhenyou'

reexercisingorsleepingorgoingaboutyourday.

“However，whenfatcellsstarttobecomeinsulinresistant，thelipidsstarttoleachoutofthefat

cellsandriseinthebloodstream，”Bradysays.

1.Accordingtothepassage，lackofthesleepforalongwhilecanprobablyleadtoallofthe

followingEXCEPT.第一段最后一句

A.heartdiseaseB.weightgainC.diabetesD.liverdisease

2.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis.第一句

A.howtowriteamedicalresearchpaperB.howtoavoidsleeploss

C.howtheresearchwasconductedD.howtoconductamedicalexperiment

3.Whatdoestheword“leach”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.LeapB.Lead.C.Lead.D.Leak.泄露

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Wewillbeintroubleifourfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.

B.Moreandmorestudiesaredonetostudythelinkbetweensleepandweight.

C.Morethan20%ofAmericansarenetgettingenoughsleep.

D.Fatcellsaretheretohelpusmaintainagoodhealth.

5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.PoorSleepMayLeadtoTooMuchStoredFatandDisease

B.SleepExpertsHadExcitingFindingsinaFatStudy

C.AmericansShouldHaveMoreThanSixHoursofSleep

D.BadThingsHappenifFatCellsBecomeOurFriend

这篇短文讲睡眠的重要性，不足的睡眠会引起种种不良的后果。

76句的翻译是：

但是美国人似乎仍不明白：

我们每晚需要7至9小时的睡眠

77句的翻译是：

布莱德解释说：

脂肪细胞对睡眠的减少会产生强烈的反应。

1至5题的答案是：

ACDDB

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Thetopoftheworldisawonderland.Inwinter,thetemperatureoftenfallsto-30Tandthe

sunneverrises.Theoceanissurroundedbyfrozenground.Therearefewpeopleortrees,buttopolarbears,theArctic（北极）ishome.

（78）Polarbearshavethickfur,bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwell

preparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.Infact,theyneedtheArcticseaiceforsurvival.But

climatechangeiscausinglargerandlargerareasofsummerseaicetomelt（融化）.Expertssay

thatifwarmingpatternscontinue,theArcticcouldbefreeofsummerseaiceby2050.Theymay

causetwo-thirdsoftheworld'

s20,000polarbearstobegonebythentoo.

Polarbearscan'

tsurviveforlongonland.Sealsaretheirmainsourceoffood.Theonlyplacewherepolarbearscanhuntsealsisontheice.（79）Althoughthesebearsarestrongswimmers,

theyarenomatchforlightningswiftsealsinthewater.Apolarbearhasbrilliantlyclever

strategiestoovercomethisdisadvantage.Inwinterthebear