考研英语真题及解析Word格式文档下载.docx
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thefruit-flyexperimentsdescribedbyCarlZimmerinthe
ScienceTimes.Fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruitfly
2
toliveshorterlives.Thissuggeststhat
3
bulbsburnlonger,thatthereisa(n)
4
in
notbeingtoobright.
Intelligence,it
5
isahigh-pricedoption.Ittakesmoreupkeep,burnsmorefuelandisslow
6
thestartinglinebecauseitdependsonlearning—a(n)
7
process—insteadofinstinct.Plentyofotherspeciesareabletolearn,andoneofthethingsthey’veapparentlylearnediswhento
8
.
Isthereanadaptivevalueto9
intelligence?
That’sthequestionbehindthisnewresearch.Insteadofcastingawistfulglance
10
atallthespecieswe’veleftinthedustI.Q.-wise,itimplicitlyaskswhatthereal
11
ofourownintelligencemightbe.Thisis
12
themindofeveryanimalwe’veevermet.
Researchonanimalintelligencealsomakesuswonderwhatexperimentsanimalswould
13
onhumansiftheyhadthechance.Everycatwithanowner,
14
isrunningasmall-scalestudyinoperantconditioning.Webelievethat
15
animalsranthelabs,theywouldtestusto
16
thelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations.Theywouldtrytodecidewhatintelligenceinhumansisreally
17
notmerelyhowmuchofitthereis.
18
theywouldhopetostudya(n)
19
question:
Arehumansactuallyawareoftheworldtheylivein?
20
theresultsareinconclusive.
1.[A]Suppose[B]Consider[C]Observe[D]Imagine
2.[A]tended[B]feared[C]happened[D]threatened
3.[A]thinner[B]stabler[C]lighter[D]dimmer
4.[A]tendency[B]advantage[C]inclination[D]priority
5.[A]insistson[B]sumsup[C]turnsout[D]putsforward
6.[A]off[B]behind[C]over[D]along
7.[A]incredible[B]spontaneous[C]inevitable[D]gradual
8.[A]fight[B]doubt[C]stop[D]think
9.[A]invisible[B]limited[C]indefinite[D]different
10.[A]upward[B]forward[C]afterward[D]backward
11.[A]features[B]influences[C]results[D]costs
12.[A]outside[B]on[C]by[D]across
13.[A]deliver[B]carry[C]perform[D]apply
14.[A]bychance[B]incontrast[C]asusual[D]forinstance
15.[A]if[B]unless[C]as[D]lest
16.[A]moderate[B]overcome[C]determine[D]reach
17.[A]at[B]for[C]after[D]with
18.[A]Aboveall[B]Afterall[C]However[D]Otherwise
19.[A]fundamental[B]comprehensive[C]equivalent[D]hostile
20.[A]Byaccident[B]Intime[C]Sofar[D]Betterstill
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Habitsareafunnything.Wereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonauto-pilotandrelaxingintotheunconsciouscomfortoffamiliarroutine.“Notchoice,buthabitrulestheunreflectingherd,”WilliamWordsworthsaidinthe19thcentur