最新99年考研英语真题张剑资料Word文档下载推荐.docx
《最新99年考研英语真题张剑资料Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《最新99年考研英语真题张剑资料Word文档下载推荐.docx(47页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![最新99年考研英语真题张剑资料Word文档下载推荐.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2022-10/10/1e0d6326-97b1-494b-8c0a-2053549c0197/1e0d6326-97b1-494b-8c0a-2053549c01971.gif)
Directions:
Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)
Industrialsafetydoesnotjusthappen.Companies1lowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem2andactive.Whentheworkiswelldone,a3ofaccidentfreeoperationsisestablished4timelostduetoinjuriesiskeptataminimum.
Successfulsafetyprogramsmay5greatlyintheemphasisplacedoncertainaspectsoftheprogram.Someplacegreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding.Othersstresssafeworkpracticesby6rulesorregulations.7othersdependonanemotionalappealtotheworker.But,therearecertainbasicideasthatmustbeusedineveryprogramifmaximumresultsaretobeobtained.
Therecanbenoquestionaboutthevalueofasafetyprogram.Fromafinancialstandpointalone,safety8.Thefewertheinjury9,thebettertheworkman’sinsurancerate.Thismaymeanthedifferencebetweenoperatingat10orataloss.
1.[A]at[B]in[C]on[D]with
2.[A]alive[B]vivid[C]mobile[D]diverse
3.[A]regulation[B]climate[C]circumstance[D]requirement
4.[A]where[B]how[C]what[D]unless
5.[A]alter[B]differ[C]shift[D]distinguish
6.[A]constituting[B]aggravating[C]observing[D]justifying
7.[A]Some[B]Many[C]Even[D]Still
8.[A]comesoff[B]turnsup[C]paysoff[D]holdsup
9.[A]claims[B]reports[C]declarations[D]proclamations
10.[A]anadvantage[B]abenefit[C]aninterest[D]aprofit
PartⅡReadingComprehension
Directions:
Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)
Passage1
It’saroughworldoutthere.Stepoutsideandyoucouldbreakalegslippingonyourdoormat.Lightupthestoveandyoucouldburndownthehouse.Luckily,ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcomingdisaster,asuccessfullawsuitmightcompensateyouforyourtroubles.Orsothethinkinghasgonesincetheearly1980s,whenjuriesbeganholdingmorecompaniesliablefortheircustomers’misfortunes.
Feelingthreatened,companiesrespondedbywritingeverlongerwarninglabels,tryingtoanticipateeverypossibleaccident.Today,stepladderscarrylabelsseveralincheslongthatwarn,amongotherthings,thatyoumight—surprise!
—falloff.Thelabelonachild’sBatmancapecautionsthatthetoy“doesnotenableusertofly”.
Whilewarningsareoftenappropriateandnecessary—thedangersofdruginteractions,forexample—andmanyarerequiredbystateorfederalregulations,itisn’tclearthattheyactuallyprotectthemanufacturersandsellersfromliabilityifacustomerisinjured.About50percentofthecompanieslosewheninjuredcustomerstakethemtocourt.
Nowthetideappearstobeturning.Aspersonalinjuryclaimscontinueasbefore,somecourtsarebeginningtosidewithdefendants,especiallyincaseswhereawarninglabelprobablywouldn’thavechangedanything.InMay,JulieNimmons,presidentofSchuttSportsinIllinois,successfullyfoughtalawsuitinvolvingafootballplayerwhowasparalyzedinagamewhilewearingaSchutthelmet.“We’rereallysorryhehasbecomeparalyzed,buthelmetsaren’tdesignedtopreventthosekindsofinjuries,”saysNimmons.Thejuryagreedthatthenatureofthegame,notthehelmet,wasthereasonfortheathlete’sinjury.Atthesametime,theAmericanLawInstitute—agroupofjudges,lawyers,andacademicswhoserecommendationscarrysubstantialweight—issuednewguidelinesfortortlawstatingthatcompaniesneednotwarncustomersofobviousdangersorbombardthemwithalengthylistofpossibleones.“Importantinformationcangetburiedinaseaoftrivialities,”saysalawprofessoratCornellLawSchoolwhohelpeddraftthenewguidelines.Ifthemoderateendofthelegalcommunityhasitsway,theinformationonproductsmightactuallybeprovidedforthebenefitofcustomersandnotasprotectionagainstlegalliability.
11.Whatwerethingslikein1980swhenaccidentshappened?
[A]Customersmightberelievedoftheirdisastersthroughlawsuits.
[B]Injuredcustomerscouldexpectprotectionfromthelegalsystem.
[C]Companieswouldavoidbeingsuedbyprovidingnewwarnings.
[D]Juriestendedtofindfaultwiththecompensationscompaniespromised.
12.Manufacturersasmentionedinthepassagetendto.
[A]satisfycustomersbywritinglongwarningsonproducts
[B]becomehonestindescribingtheinade