博士英语试题讲解Word下载.docx
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Grammar(15points)
Directions:
Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentenceorthatbestcompletesthesentence.PleasewritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
1.Thequalityofteachingshouldbemeasuredbythedegreethestudents’potentialityisdeveloped.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.inwhichD.towhich
2.AnotherfoodcropraisedbyIndiansstrangetotheEuropeanwascalledIndiancorn.
A.whowereB.thatwereC.thatwasD.whowas
3.Wemovedtothenewhouseinthesuburbssothatthekidswouldhaveagarden.
A.inwhichtoplayB.toplaywithC.toplayD.wheretoplay
4.TherearemanycopperminesinthestateofArizona,contributessignificantlytothestate’seconomy.
A.afactB.whichfactC.whosefactD.that
5.Hydrogenisthefundamentalelementoftheuniverseitprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.
A.sothatB.butthatC.inthatD.providedthat
6.Nearlyalltreescontainsamixofpolymersthatcanburnlikepetroleumproperlyextracted.
A.afterB.ifC.whenitD.is
7.TheearlyyearsoftheUnitedStatesgovernmentwerecharacterizedbyadebateconcerningorindividualstatesshouldhavemorepower.
A.whetherthefederalgovernment
B.eitherthefederalgovernment
C.thatthefederalgovernment
D.thefederalgovernment
8.ExplorationoftheSolarSystemiscontinuing,andatthepresentrateofprogressalltheplanetswithinthenext50years.
A.willhavebeencontactedB.willhavecontacted
C.
willbecontacted
D.willcontact
9.Bytheyearof2025,scientistsprobablyacureforcancer.
A.willbediscoveringB.arediscovering
C.willhavediscoveredD.havediscovered
10.
ThomasEdison’sfirstpatentedinventionwasadeviceinCongress.
A.forcountingvotesB.thatcountingvotesC.countsvotesD.countedvotes
11.
Usingmanysymbolsmakestoputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.
A.possibleB.itispossibleC.itpossibleD.thatpossible
12.
Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completelytotheoutsideworld.
A.beinglostB.havinglostC.losingD.lost
13.
Beefcattleofalllivestockforeconomicgrowthinthecertaingeographicregions.
A.themostareimportantB.arethemostimportant
C.isthemostimportantD.thataremostimportant
14.advanceandretreatintheireternalrhythms,butthesurfaceoftheseaitselfisneveratrest.
A.NotonlywhenthetidesdoB.Asthetidesnotonlydo
C.NotonlydothetidesD.Dothetidesnotonly
15.divorceourselvesfromthemassesofthepeople.
A.InnotimeweshouldB.Innotimeshouldwe
C.AtnotimeweshouldD.Atnotimeshouldwe
PART
TWO:
Readingcomprehension(20points)
Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedsentences.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1(5points)
Thegoodnewsmadeheadlinesnationwide:
Deathsfromseveralkindsofcancerhavedeclinedsignificantlyinrecentyears.Butthenewshastobebittersweetformanycancerpatientsandtheirfamilies.Everyyear,morethan500000peopleintheUnitedStatesstilldieofcancer.Infact,morethanhalfofallpatientsdiagnosedwithcancerwilldieoftheirdiseasewithinafewyears.Andwhileit’struesurvivalislongertodaythaninthepast,thequalityoflifeforthesepatientsisoftengreatlydiminished.Cancer–andmanyofthetreatmentsusedtofightit-causespain,nausea,fatigue,andanxietythatroutinelygoundertreatedoruntreated.
Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.YettheNationalCancerInstitute(NCI),thefederalgovernment’sleaderincancerresearchandtraining,spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.
Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.NCIshouldcommittoandfundresearchaimedatimprovingsymptomcontrolandpalliativecare.NCIalsocoulddesignate“centersofexcellence”amongthecancercentersitrecognizes.Togetthatdesignation,centerswoulddeliverinnovative,top-qualitypalliativecaretoallsegmentsofthepopulationsthecenterss