博士英语试题讲解.docx

博士英语试题讲解.docx

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博士英语试题讲解

财政部财政科学研究所

2015年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试

英语试题

PARTONE:

Grammar（15points）

Directions:

Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentenceorthatbestcompletesthesentence.PleasewritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

1.Thequalityofteachingshouldbemeasuredbythedegreethestudents’potentialityisdeveloped.

A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.inwhichD.towhich

2.AnotherfoodcropraisedbyIndiansstrangetotheEuropeanwascalledIndiancorn.

A.whowereB.thatwereC.thatwasD.whowas

3.Wemovedtothenewhouseinthesuburbssothatthekidswouldhaveagarden.

A.inwhichtoplayB.toplaywithC.toplayD.wheretoplay

4.TherearemanycopperminesinthestateofArizona,contributessignificantlytothestate’seconomy.

A.afactB.whichfactC.whosefactD.that

5.Hydrogenisthefundamentalelementoftheuniverseitprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.

A.sothatB.butthatC.inthatD.providedthat

6.Nearlyalltreescontainsamixofpolymersthatcanburnlikepetroleumproperlyextracted.

A.afterB.ifC.whenitD.is

7.TheearlyyearsoftheUnitedStatesgovernmentwerecharacterizedbyadebateconcerningorindividualstatesshouldhavemorepower.

A.whetherthefederalgovernment

B.eitherthefederalgovernment

C.thatthefederalgovernment

D.thefederalgovernment

8.ExplorationoftheSolarSystemiscontinuing,andatthepresentrateofprogressalltheplanetswithinthenext50years.

A.willhavebeencontactedB.willhavecontacted

C. willbecontacted      D.willcontact

9.Bytheyearof2025,scientistsprobablyacureforcancer.    

A.willbediscoveringB.arediscovering

C.willhavediscoveredD.havediscovered

10. ThomasEdison’sfirstpatentedinventionwasadeviceinCongress. 

A.forcountingvotesB.thatcountingvotesC.countsvotesD.countedvotes

11. Usingmanysymbolsmakestoputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.

A.possibleB.itispossibleC.itpossibleD.thatpossible

12. Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completelytotheoutsideworld.

A.beinglostB.havinglostC.losingD.lost

13. Beefcattleofalllivestockforeconomicgrowthinthecertaingeographicregions. 

A.themostareimportantB.arethemostimportant

C.isthemostimportantD.thataremostimportant

14.advanceandretreatintheireternalrhythms,butthesurfaceoftheseaitselfisneveratrest. 

A.NotonlywhenthetidesdoB.Asthetidesnotonlydo

C.NotonlydothetidesD.Dothetidesnotonly

15.divorceourselvesfromthemassesofthepeople. 

A.InnotimeweshouldB.Innotimeshouldwe

C.AtnotimeweshouldD.Atnotimeshouldwe

PART TWO:

Readingcomprehension（20points）

Directions:

Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedsentences.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1（5points）

Thegoodnewsmadeheadlinesnationwide:

Deathsfromseveralkindsofcancerhavedeclinedsignificantlyinrecentyears.Butthenewshastobebittersweetformanycancerpatientsandtheirfamilies.Everyyear,morethan500000peopleintheUnitedStatesstilldieofcancer.Infact,morethanhalfofallpatientsdiagnosedwithcancerwilldieoftheirdiseasewithinafewyears.Andwhileit’struesurvivalislongertodaythaninthepast,thequalityoflifeforthesepatientsisoftengreatlydiminished.Cancer–andmanyofthetreatmentsusedtofightit-causespain,nausea,fatigue,andanxietythatroutinelygoundertreatedoruntreated.

Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.YettheNationalCancerInstitute（NCI）,thefederalgovernment’sleaderincancerresearchandtraining,spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.

Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.NCIshouldcommittoandfundresearchaimedatimprovingsymptomcontrolandpalliativecare.NCIalsocoulddesignate“centersofexcellence”amongthecancercentersitrecognizes.Togetthatdesignation,centerswoulddeliverinnovative,top-qualitypalliativecaretoallsegmentsofthepopulationsthecenterss