高校英语专业四级考试阅读理解与完形填空Word文档格式.docx

高校英语专业四级考试阅读理解与完形填空Word文档格式.docx

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和短语结构的搭配关系。

由于考试时间紧，许多考生在回答这部分题的时候，往往不

顾整个篇章的结构、大意或文体，一开始就把注意力放在空格选项上，孤立地研究单个选项

，这就脱离了文章整体，答题的准确率也会大受影响。

因此，要做好这部分试题考生首先必须大体理解篇章的主要内容、逻辑关系，从而判断出作

者的意图及归纳或演绎的思路；

另外，考生在答题之前，还要对文章的文体有所了解，这有

利于考生根据不同的文体对不同的或相近的选项做出正确的选择。

如文学材料、科普文章、

新闻报道等由于文体上的不同，它们在用词和句子结构上都有所不同。

请看下面例子：

Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthe

normalgrowthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.

Theydonotprovideenergy,___1___dotheyconstruc

torbuildanypartof

thebody.Theyareneededfor___2___foodsintoenergyandbodymaint

enance.

Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif___3___ismissing,adefi

ciencydiseasebecomes___4___.

1.A.eitherB.soC.norD.never

2.A.shiftingB.transferring

C.alteringD.transforming

3.A.anyB.some

C.anythingD.something

4.A.seriousB.apparentC.severeD.fatal

通读全文后可知，这是一篇有关科普知识的短文，一般来说科普知识文章以客观陈

述为突出特点，用词比较正式，句子结构比较严密，因此在选择时要在宏观上考虑

到这些因素。

比如第四空，从科学常识可知，缺乏任何一种维生素都不至于使疾病

严重（serious）、致命（fatal），故应排除选项A和D。

severe（严厉的）不能用来修饰疾

病。

因此，选Bapparent既合乎句意，搭配又得当。

另外，完形填空的空格没有任何一个是孤立地存在的，必须把它们放在文章的

语言环境中进行逐个推敲，同时利用自己对各种材料描写、陈述内容的了解，作出正确选择。

PARTⅠ［15MIN.］

Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldcorrectlycompletethepassageif

insertedinthecorrespondingblanks.Markthecorrectchoiceforeachblankon

yourANSWERSHEET.

TheUnitedStatesiswellknownforitsnetworkofmajorhighwaysde

signedtohelpadrivergetfromoneplacetoanotherintheshortestpossiblet

ime.___1___thesewidemodernroadsaregenerally___2___

andwellmaintained,with___3___sharpcurvesandstraightsections,

adirectrouteisnotalwaysthemost___4___one.Largehighwaysoft

enpass___5___scenicareasandinterestingsmalltowns.Furthermore

thesehighwaysgenerally___6___largeurbancenters,whichmeanst

hattheybecomecrowdedwith___7___trafficduringrushhours,____8___the“fast,direct”routebecomesaveryslowroute.

However,thereisalmostalwaysanotherroutetotake___9___youare

notinahurry.Notfarfromthe___10___new“superhighways”,the

reareoftenolder,___11___heavilytraveledroadswhichgothrough

thecountryside.___12___ofthesearegoodtwolaneroads;

othersa

reunevenroadscurvingthroughthecountry.Thesesecondaryroutesmaygoupst

eepslopes,alonghigh___13___,ordownfrighteninghillsidetotown

s___14___indeepvalleys.Throughtheselessdirectroutes,longer

andslower,theygenerallygotoplaces___15___theairiscleanand

sceneryisbeautiful,andthedrivermayhaveachancetogetafresh,cleanvi

ewoftheworld.

1.A.AlthoughB.SinceC.BecauseD.Therefore

2.A.stableB.splendidC.smoothD.complicated

3.A.littleB.fewC.muchD.many

4.A.terribleB.possibleC.enjoyableD.profitable

5.A.toB.intoC.overD.by

6.A.leadB.connectC.collectD.communicate

7.A.largeB.fastC.highD.heavy

8.A.whenB.forC.butD.that

9.A.unlessB.ifC.asD.since

10.A.relativelyB.regularlyC.respectivelyD.reasonably

11.A.andB.lessC.moreD.or

12.A.AllB.SeveralC.LotsD.Some

13.A.rocksB.cliffsC.roadsD.paths

14.A.lyingB.layingC.laidD.lied

15.A.thereB.whenC.whichD.where

PARTⅡ

［30MIN.］

SECTIONA［25MIN.］

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyfifteenque

stionsorunfinis

hedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseth

eonethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.

MarkyourchoiceonyourANSWERSHEET.

TEXTA

Beforethemid1860’s,theimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedState

swaslimited,inthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiver,approx

imatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreight,

mail,andpassengersovertosteamboats,wagons,andstagecoaches.Thismeantt

hatwagonfreighting,stagecoaching,andsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhe

nthefirsttrainappeared;

rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders.Eachnew

“endoftrack”becameacenterforanimaldrawnorwaterbornetransportatio

n.Themajoreffectoftherailroadwastoshortenthedistancethathadtobec

overedbytheolder,slower,andmorecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedo

peratingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.Althoughovercon

stantlyshrinkingroutes,andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWes

twherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.Thebeginningofamajorchangewas

foreshadowedinthelater1860’s,whentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegan

tobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPaci

ficRailroadadvancingeastwardfromCaliforniathroughtheformidablebarriero

fthe