小学英语常见形容词及比较级最高级变化一览表汇编文档格式.docx
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high(高的)—higher—highestkind(善良的)—kinder—kindestlight(轻的)—lighter—lightestlong(长的)—longer—longest
loud(响亮的)—louder—loudestlow(低的)—lower—lowest
near(近的)—nearer—nearestnew(新的)—newer—newest
poor(穷的)—poorer—poorestquick(快的)—quicker—quickest
quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietestrich(富裕的)—richer—richest
short(短的)—shorter—shortestslow(慢的)—slower—slowestsmall(小的)—smaller—smallestsmart(聪明的)—smarter—smartestsoft(柔软的)—softer—softeststrong(强壮的)—stronger—strongestsweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetesttall(高的)-taller-tallestthick(厚的)—thicker—thickestwarm(温暖的)—warmer—warmestweak(弱的)—weaker—weakestyoung(年轻的)—younger—youngest
2.双写最后一个字母,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:
big(大的)—bigger—biggestfat(胖的)—fatter—fattest
hot(热的)—hotter—hottestred(红的)—redder—reddest
sad(伤心的)—sadder—saddestthin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnest
wet(湿的)—wetter—wettestmad(疯的)—madder—maddest
3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级:
able(能干的)—abler—ablestbrave(勇敢的)—braver—bravestclose(接近的)—closer—closestfine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest
large(巨大的)—larger—largestlate(迟的)—later—latestnice(好的)—nicer—nicestripe(成熟的)—riper—ripest
rude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudestsafe(安全的)—safer—safeststrange(奇怪的)—stranger—strangestwide(宽广的)—wider—widest
wise(睿智的,聪明的)—wiser—wisestwhite(白的)—whiter—whitest
4.以字母y结尾的形容词,把y改为i,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:
busy(忙碌的)—busier—busiestdirty(脏的)—dirtier—dirtiestdry(干燥的)—drier—driestearly(早的)—earlier—earliest
easy(容易的)—easier—easiestfriendly(友好的)—friendlier—friendliest
funny(好玩的)—funnier—funniesthappy(开心的)—happier—happiesthealthy(健康的)—healthier—healthiestheavy(重的)—heavier—heaviest
hungry(饿的)—hungrier—hungriestlazy(懒惰的)—lazier—laziest
lucky(幸运的)—luckier—luckiestnaughty(调皮的)—naughtier—naughtiestnoisy(嘈杂的)—noisier—noisiestpretty(美丽的)—prettier—prettiest
silly(傻的)—sillier—silliestspicy(辣的)—spicier—spiciest
thirsty(渴的)—thirstier—thirstiestugly(丑的)—uglier—ugliest
5.双音节、多音节形容词,在单词前面加上“more”“most”构成比较级、最高级:
afraid(害怕的)—moreafraid—mostafraidbeautiful(美丽的)—morebeautiful—mostbeautifulcareful(仔细的)—morecareful—mostcarefulcheerful(开心的)—morecheerful—mostcheerfulcrowded(拥挤的)—morecrowded—mostcrowdeddangerous(危险的)—moredangerous—mostdangerousdelicious(美味的)—moredelicious—mostdeliciousdifficult(困难的)—moredifficult—mostdifficultexciting(令人兴奋的)—moreexciting—mostexcitingexpensive(昂贵的)—moreexpensive—mostexpensivefamous(著名的)—morefamous—mostfamousfrightened(受惊的)—morefrightened—mostfrightenedfrightening(令人害怕的)—morefrightening—mostfrighteninghard-working(勤奋的)—morehard-working—mosthard-workinghelpful(有帮助的)—morehelpful—mosthelpfulhonest(诚实的)—morehonest—mosthonestimportant(重要的)—moreimportant—mostimportantinteresting(有趣的)—moreinteresting—mostinterestingpolite(有礼貌的)—morepolite—mostpoliteterrible(可怕的)—moreterrible—mostterribletired(累的)—moretired—mosttired
6.不规则变化的形容词:
bad(坏的)—worse—worstfar(远的)—farther—farthest(far—further—furthest)good(好的)—better—bestill(病的)—worse—worst
little(少的)—less—leastmany(多的)—more—most
much(多的)—more—mostold(年老的)—older—oldest(old—elder—eldest)
well(好的,身体好的)—better—best
1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,
例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,
例如,nice-nicer-nicest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,
例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,
例如,big-bigger-biggest
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,
例如,slowly-moreslowly-mostslowly;
beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;
(1)单音节词
如:
small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest
tall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest
(2)双音节词
clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest
2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;
large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest
3.在重读闭音节(即:
辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest
busy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest
5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;
beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautiful
different→moredifferent→mostdifferent
easily→moreeasily→mosteasily
注意:
(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用.
例句:
TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.
(2)形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"
非常"
.
Itisamostimportantproblem.
=Itisaveryimportantproblem.
6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记.
good→better→bestwell→better→best
bad→worse→worstill→worse→worst
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest
many/much→more→