高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A healthy life练习 新人教版选修6docWord下载.docx
《高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A healthy life练习 新人教版选修6docWord下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A healthy life练习 新人教版选修6docWord下载.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Thereareanextremelylargenumberofantsworldwide.Eachindividual(个体的)anthardlyweighsanything,butputtogethertheyweighroughlythesameasallofmankind.Theyalsolivenearlyeverywhere,exceptonfrozenmountaintopsandaroundthepoles.Foranimalstheirsize,antshavebeenastonishinglysuccessful,largelyduetotheirwonderfulsocialbehavior.
Incolonies(群体)thatrangeinsizefromafewhundredtotensofmillions,theyorganizetheirliveswithacleardivisionoflabor.Evenmoreamazingishowtheyachievethisleveloforganization.Whereweusesoundandsighttocommunicate,antsdependprimarilyonpheromones(外激素),chemicalssentoutbyindividualsandsmelledortastedbyfellowmembersoftheircolony.Whenanantfindsfood,itproducesapheromonethatwillleadothersstraighttowherethefoodis.Whenanindividualantcomesunderattackorisdying,itsendsoutanalarmpheromonetowarnthecolonytoprepareforaconflictasadefenseunit.
Infact,whenitcomestotheartofwar,antshavenoequal.Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselves,attackinginlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.Suchistheirdevotiontothecommongoodofthecolonythatnotonlysoldierantsbutalsoworkerantswillsacrificetheirlivestohelpdefeatanenemy.
Behavinginthisselflessanddevotedmanner,theselittlecreatureshavesurvivedonEarthformorethan140millionyears,farlongerthandinosaurs.Becausetheythinkasone,theyhaveacollective(集体的)intelligencegreaterthanyouwouldexpectfromitsindividualparts.
(2015·
安徽高考)
1.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatantsare .
A.notwillingtosharefood
B.notfoundaroundthepoles
C.moresuccessfulthanallotheranimals
D.toomanytoachieveanyleveloforganization
2.Antscanusepheromonesfor .
A.escapeB.communication
C.warningenemiesD.arranginglabor
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“takeon”inParagraph3mean?
A.Accept.B.Employ.
C.Playwith.D.Fightagainst.
4.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofants?
A.Theirbehavior.B.Theirsize.
C.Theirnumber.D.Theirweight.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。
世界上,蚂蚁的数量繁多。
它们群体而居,分工明确,团结一致,共同御敌。
1.B 细节理解题。
根据第一段中“Theyalsolivenearlyeverywhere,exceptonfrozenmountaintopsandaroundthepoles.”可知,在冰封的山顶和地球的两极,人们没有发现蚂蚁。
2.B 细节理解题。
根据第二段中“Whereweusesoundandsighttocommunicate,antsdependprimarilyonpheromones”可知,蚂蚁可以利用外激素来交流。
3.D 词义推测题。
根据第三段中“Theyarecompletelyfearless”以及“attackinginlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget”可知,它们会攻击敌人。
4.A 细节理解题。
根据最后一段中“Behavinginthisselflessanddevotedmanner,theselittlecreatureshavesurvivedonEarth”可知,是它们的行为让它们在地球上得以生存。
B
ViennahasbeatenZurichtobecrownedtheplacewiththebestqualityoflivinginanannualsurveyinwhichEuropeancitieswereamongthetop10.
ManagementconsultancyMercersaidViennascoredthehighestforoverallqualityoflivinginthe215-citysurveyafterimprovementsinAustria’spoliticalandsocialenvironment,knockingtheSwisscityofZurichintosecondposition.ThirdinthelistcameanotherSwisscity,Geneva,followedbyVancouver,Canada,andAuckland,NewZealand,insharedfourthplace.Baghdad,Iraq,camelastdespiteslightimprovementsinitsinfrastructure(基础设施)andmovestoencourageinvestment.ThreeGermancitiesmadethetop10—Dusseldorf,MunichandFrankfurt—withthelistroundedoutbyBerninSwitzerlandandSydney,Australia.ThehighestUSrankingintheWorldwideQualityofLivingSurveywasHorioluluwhichcame29thwhileWashingtonandNewYorkremainedinpositions44and49respectively.Londoncame38thinthelistwhichisdesignedtohelpgovernmentsandcompaniesplaninternationalpackages(酬薪)fortheiremployees.
“Asaresultofthecurrentfinancialcrisismultinationalsarelookingtoreviewtheirinternationalassignmentpolicieswithaviewtocuttingcosts,”saidSlaginParakatil,seniorresearcheratMercer,inastatement.“Manycompaniesplantoreducethenumberoftheirinternationalemployeesandlocalizetheirpackageswherepossible.”
Singaporewasthetop-scoringAsiancity,comingin26thwhichwasupsixplacesfromayearagoduetoitsgrowingimportanceasafinancialcenteranditswiderangeofinternationalandprivateschools.Beijingmovedupthreeplacesto113,boostedbyimprovementsinpublictransportfacilitiesfromtheOlympics.
1.Thepassageisaimedattellingus .
A.globalrankingsofcitieswiththebestqualityofliving
B.Viennanamedtheplacewiththebestqualityofliving
C.thepackagesofinternationalemployees
D.thequalityoflivingoftheworld
2.Whichcitymoveduptheworldrankingsfaster?
A.Washington.B.Baghdad.
C.Singapore.D.Beijing.
3.Theunderlinedphrase“roundedout”inParagraph2