泛读3Unit10讲解Word文件下载.docx
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化学沉淀
precipitate[prɪˈsɪpɪˌtet]v
①(causeto)happensuddenlyorsooner;
hasten(使)突然发生
.
eg.Acoolbreezecauseda
precipitate
dropinthetemperature.冷风使温度急降.
②throwsb/sthsuddenlyinto使突然陷入
eg.Thecartoverturnedand
precipitated
ustotheditch.车子翻了,我们被摔进了沟里。
③causeasubstancetodothis沉淀,析出
eg.Ironandaluminumcompounds
asavoluminoussludge.铁和铝的化合物成为一种体积庞大的蓬松的游渣沉淀下来。
precipitateas凝结成
precipitateinto突然使某人〔物〕进入某种状态
2.insulate['
ɪnsəleɪt]v.
①protectfromheat,cold,ornoisebysurroundingwithinsulatingmaterial使绝缘,使隔绝
eg.Rubberisusedto
insulate
electricwires.
橡皮用来给电线绝缘。
②placeorsetapart隔离,使孤立
eg.Tryingto
herselffromthechaossurroundingher.
竭力把她自己与周围的混乱隔开。
insulateagainst
防止…,与…隔绝
=separatefromsth
insulatefrom(v.+prep.)(使)与…隔绝,(使)免于…的危害
=separatefromsthsoastoprotect
3.crust
[krʌst]n.
①ahardouterlayerthatcoverssomething硬外表,外壳
eg.The
crust
onthesnowwasthickenoughforustowalkonit.外层的雪已经冻硬,可以在上面行走。
②面包皮
eg.1.The
ofthebreadisburnt.
这块面包的外皮烤焦了。
drycrust
干面包皮
earthcrust
地壳
ricecrusts
锅巴
4.surge
[sɜːrdʒ]
v.①riseandmove,asinwavesorbillows.在浪涛中或如同波浪般前进
eg.Thecrowd
surged
pasthim.人们从他身边涌过。
②riserapidly;
急剧上升
eg.Thevalueofexports
lastyear.去年出口值激增。
n.①
asuddenorabruptstrongincrease突然发生,激增
eg.Itfailedtostimulatea
surge
ofinvestmentinindustry.
这没有能刺激工业投资的激增。
②asuddenforcefulflow向前或向上的运动
eg.Thegreat
hadbuiltupintheGulfStream.汹涌的巨浪在墨西哥湾流形成了。
surgeprotector浪涌电压保护器
stormsurge风暴大潮,风暴潮
surgelimit波动极限
Question1Indirectimpactsclimatechangehasonhumanhealthincludewhichpart?
Answer:
Includeairpollution,vector-bornedisease,waterqualityandquantity,nutritionalhealthandfoodsupplies,vulnerablesectorsofsocietymademorevulnerable.
Difficultsentence:
Combinedwithstormsurges,whichoccurwhenlowpressureweathersystemsandstrongonshorewindsraisewaterlevelstoameterabovenormal,areasthathadneverexperiencedfloodingbeforecouldbeatriskforflooding.
5.erosion[ɪˈrəʊʒ(ə)n]n.
themechanicalprocessofwearingorgrindingsomethingdown(asbyparticleswashingoverit).腐蚀,侵蚀,磨损.
Eg:
Morefamiliarlandscapeshavebeensculptedbysurfaceerosion.还有更多熟悉的地貌是因地表侵蚀形成的。
1.winderosion风蚀;
风力侵蚀
2.erosionrate侵蚀率
6.vulnerable[ˈvʌlnərəbəl]adj.
(1).susceptibletoattack易受攻击的,有弱点的
eg:
Butmodernhumansweremorevulnerabletothecold.但是现代人更容易受到寒冷的攻击.
(2)capableofbeingwoundedorhurt.(指人)易受伤害的,脆弱的
eg:
Lackingself-confidenceandmaturity,manyteenagersareleftfeelingveryvulnerable.许多十几岁的孩子既缺乏自信又不够懂事,所以感情上十分脆弱。
Phrase:
1.vulnerablegroup弱势群体
2.vulnerablepart薄弱部分
7.contaminate[kənˈtæ
məˌnet]v.
(1)makeradioactivebyaddingradioactivematerial;
污染eg:
Allovertheworld,oilspillsregularlycontaminatecoasts.在世界各地,油溢出物经常污染着海岸。
(2)makeimpure弄脏
eg:
Contaminateyourbed,andyouwillonenightsuffocateinyourownwaste.如果你弄脏了自己的环境,总有一天会窒息在你所丢弃的垃圾之中。
(3)玷污
Wehavetoconstantlyguardourheartandnotallowandcontaminateus.人生在世,必须时时刻刻保守自己的心,不让这个世界的不义玷污我们。
contaminateenvironment污染环境
8.deteriorate[dɪˈtɪriəreɪt]vt/vivt.becomeworseordisintegrate(使破裂)使恶化
Therearefearsthatthesituationmightdeteriorateintofull-scalewar.人们担心形势可能恶化而演变成一场全面战争。
vi.growworse;
变坏
Thisfoodwilldeterioraterapidlyoncontactwithair.这种食物一接触到空气即迅速变坏。
1.environmentdeteriorate环境恶化
2.deterioratedegree退化程度
3.significantlydeteriorate显著恶化
Question2:
Whatisthedirecteffectofclimatechangeonhumanhealth?
Answer:
ThedirecteffectofClimatechangeisitmaycauseextremeweatheranditriskofdeathorinjuryduetofloods,storms,orotherdisaster.
Difficultsentence:
Integratingclimatechangeintoexistingplaningprocessesisaneffectiveapproachtoadaptation.
9.Prevail
[prɪ'
veɪl]v
①盛行,流行begenerallyseen,done,etc.
Eg:
Thisfashionstillprevails.这种式样仍在流行。
②获胜,占优势
gainvictory;
occupyadominantposition
Justicehasprevailed;
theguiltymanhasbeenpunished.正义得到伸张,罪犯受到惩罚。
10.Combustion[kəm'
bʌstʃ(ə)n]n.
aprocessinwhichasubstancereactswithoxygentogiveheatandlight燃烧,氧化
This
means
it
can
use
oxygen
fromtheatmosphere
for
combustion
instead
ofcarryingit
onboard.这意味着它可以利用空气中的氧气进行燃烧,而不必随机携带氧气。
11.Dramatical[drə'
mæ
tik,-kəl]
adj.
suitabletoorcharacteristicofdrama戏剧的
However,
the
Great
Depressionof
the1930s
hasdramatical
influences
onbusiness
cycle
research.
然而,30年代的大萧条对经济周期研究产生