高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版选修8Word下载.docx
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Theburglarsenteredthehousebymeansofaladder.
Bynomeansisthisthefirsttimeyouhavebeenlate.
注:
means作为一个单复数同形的名词,常与主谓一致结合起来进行考查;
要注意,means作主语时,前有several,some,many,few,all等修饰语时,谓语用复数。
way多与in连用,构成in…way
method多与with连用,构成with…method
means多与by连用,构成by…means
approach多与to连用,构成approachto…
2.majorityn.大多数;
大半
ina/themajority占大多数
getamajority获得多数票
haveamajorityoversb获得多于某人的票数;
战胜某人
by/withamajorityof以大多数…赢得…
minorityn.少数
intheminority占少数
Hewontheseatwithamajorityof71votes.
Amajorityofpeoplebelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.
Themajorityofloneparentsaredivorcedorseparatedwomen.
单独用作主语,谓语动词用单数、复数均可。
Themajoritywere/wasagainsttheplan.
单独用作主语,如果后面的表语是复数,那么谓语动词也用复数。
Themajoritywhoattendedthemeetingyesterdayarestudents.
复数名词+复数谓语动词
Themajorityof
不可数名词+单数谓语动词
Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.
3.percentagen.百分比;
百分率
percentage“百分比,百分率”,其前不用具体的数字修饰,可以被high,low等形容词修饰。
percent“百分之…”,相当于“%”,其前面往往用具体数字修饰。
“apercentageof+n.”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数视名词的单复数而定。
Theunemploymentpercentagekeepsrisingintherecentfinancialcrisis.
Californiaisastatewithahighpercentageofimmigrants.
OverninetypercentofmyclassmateshaveanEnglishdictionary.
4.occurvi.发生;
出现
occurtosb发生在某人身上
itoccurstosbtodosth某人想起做某事
sthoccurstosb
sthstrikessb
sthcomestosb某人突然想起…
Itoccurstosbthat-clause
Itstrikessbthat-clause
Itoccurredtometovisitmyparents.
Itoccurredtoherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.
Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.
5.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
cometolife突然苏醒;
突然开始工作;
突然变得活跃
live/leada…life过着…生活
comebacktolife苏醒过来;
恢复生气
bring…backtolife使…苏醒过来
fulloflife充满生气
forlife终生;
一生;
终身
startanewlife开始新生活
tothelife栩栩如生;
逼真
make/earna/one’sliving谋生
TheywenttotheWestanddecidedtomakealifethere.
Tooursurprise,hecametolifesoon.
Therescueteambroughtthebabybacktolife.
6.keepup坚持;
维持;
沿袭(风俗、传统等)
keep(on)doingsth继续、重复做某事
keepsthup使某物保持在高水平
keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事
keepon继续
keepoutof…不进入(某处),留在外边
keeptosth遵守;
信守
keepupwith…跟上…;
与…同步前进
Ihopethefineweatherwillkeepup.
Policewarnedbystanderstokeepawayfromtheblazingbuilding.
Shekeptonworkingalthoughshewastired.
Thingswillonlyworkoutifweallkeeptotheplan.
7.takein包括;
吸收;
理解;
欺骗
takeaway拿走;
使离开;
消除(病痛等)
takedown记下来;
拆掉
takefor(错)当做;
(误)以为
takeoff起飞;
匆匆离去;
脱下;
大获成功
takeon呈现;
雇用
takeover接收;
接管;
取代
takeup占去,占据;
开始;
从事
HecertainlytookusinwithhisstoriesabouthisexperiencesinMexico.
Thiskindofclothtakesinwatereasily.
LearningEnglishtakesupalotofmytime.
8.agreat/goodmany许多;
很多
many
agreatmany+可数名词的复数
agoodmany+复数谓语
agood/largenumberof
much
agood/greatdealof+不可数名词+单数谓语
alargeamountof
alotof可数名词的复数+复数谓语
lotsof+
plentyof不可数名词+单数谓语
largeamountsof+不可数名词+复数谓语
quantitiesof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词+复数谓语
amassof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词+单数谓语
massesof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词+复数谓语
Tomfoundthattherewereagreat/goodmanypeoplealreadythere.
Itseemsthatagreat/goodmanyofthemareoutofworknow.
Agreatmanyoftheflowerswerewhite.
agood/greatmany后接复数名词,但agood/greatmany后接of时,必须加限定词,如these/those/the/one’s等,然后再加名词复数。
9.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.
句中的why引导的为表语从句,注意以下句式区别。
That’swhy…这就是为什么…(why从句表示结果)
That’sbecause…这是因为…(because从句表示原因)
Thereasonwhy…is/wasthat……的原因是…(表语从句常用that引导,而不用because)
Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill.
Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.
ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.
练习:
1.---Doyouthinkweshouldputanadinthepaperforthelostchild?
---Yes,.
A.that’sallrightB.byallmeans
C.itjustdependsD.nevermind
2.Themajorityofthestudentsinhisclassfortheplan.
A.isB.areC.isgoingtoD.will
3.Alargeofthehotel’sincomefromthevisitorstothelakenearby.
A.percentage;
areB.percentage;
is
C.percent;
areD.percent;
4.---Howdiditthatyoumadesomanymistakesinyourhomework?
---Imyselfhaven’tfigureditouryet.
A.bringaboutB.comeabout
C.comeacrossD.occurto
5.Hasiteveryouthatthisoldbookmightbevaluable?
A.occurredB.occurredtoC.struc