考试宝典职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断练习题二Word格式文档下载.doc

考试宝典职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断练习题二Word格式文档下载.doc

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smostfearedviruses，asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpelssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody'

simmune（免疫的）defenses，makingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients'

bodies，accordingtotheObservef

　　AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute，oneoftheworld'

sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalsciences，hascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）tobeginclinicalgenetherapy（治疗）trialsthisyear.ThefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave"

farwiderapplications"

.

　　Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas"

shocking'

'

butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

　　Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient'

sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyears，breakthroughsingenetics（遗传学）haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.

　　Unfortunately.thebody'

simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier.

　　TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrOm。

andthendestroy，theImmunedefense

　　cellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasawayof

　　secretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients'

bodies.

　　1.FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　2.TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted

　　3.HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeenremoved

　　4.TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody'

simmunecells

　　5.Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon

　　6.ItisthelackofmoneythathashelduDtheprogressinusingreplacementgenestocurecancen

　　7.TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries

　　答案：

　1.B　　2.B　　3.A　　4.A　　5.C　　6.B　　7.C

Beforethewidespreaduseofcomputers,managerscouldnotmakefulluseoflargeamountsofvaluableinformationaboutacompany'

sactivities.Theinformationeitherreachedmanagerstoolateorwastooexpensivetobeused.Today,managersarefacingawiderangeofdataprocessingandinformationinstruments.Inplaceofafewfinancialcontrols,managerscandrawoncomputer-basedinformationsystemstocontrolactivitiesineveryareaoftheircompany.Onanykindsofperformancemeasures,theinformationprovidedbythesesystemshelpsmanagerscomparestandardswithactualresults,findoutproblems,andtakecorrectiveactionbeforeitistoolatetomakechanges.

　　Theintroductionofcomputerizedinformationsystemshassharplychangedmanagementcontrolinmanycompanies.Evenaneighborhoodshopkeepermaynowusecomputerstocontrolsales,billing,andotheractivities.Inlargecompanies,electronicdataprocessingsystemsmonitorentireprojectsandsetsofoperations.

　　Now,thereareabout24millionmicrocomputersinuseintheUnitedStates——oneforevery10citizens.Itisestimatedthatby1996,61percentofAmericanmanagerswillbeusingsomesortofelectronicworkstation.Inorderformanagerstobesurethatthecomputer-basedinformationtheyarereceivingisaccurate,theyneedtounderstandhowcomputerswork.However,inmostcasestheydonotneedtolearnhowtoprogramcomputers.Rather,managersshouldunderstandhowcomputerizedinformationsystemswork;

howtheyaredeveloped;

theirlimitationsandcosts;

andthemannerinwhichinformationsystemsmaybeused.Suchanunderstandingisnotdifficulttoachieve.

　　Oneresearchfoundthatbusinessfirmsweremoresuccessfulinteachingbasicinformationaboutcomputerstobusinessgraduatesthantheywereinteachingbusinesssubjectstocomputersciencegraduates.

　　16Today,conventionalfinancialcontrolsarestillexercisedinsomeminorareassuchasbillingandvocationaltraining.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmention