国际服务贸易外文文献翻译Word下载.docx
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英文原文及中文译文)
文献出处:
《WorldDevelopment》,2015,12
(1):
35-44.英文原文
Theresearchofinternationalservicetradeandeconomicgrowththeory
ChakrabortyKavin
1 Introduction
Thestudyoftherelationbetweeninternationaltradeandeconomicgrowthisoneofthemostactiveissues.Since1980s,theworldhasbeenintransitionfromnationaleconomyorientatingtowardsnaturalresourcesandmanufacturingindustrytoglobalandregionaleconomyorientatingtowardsinformationresourcesandserviceindustry.AfterthesignatureofGATSin1994,theinstitutionalarrangementsonliberalizingservicetraderesultinaworld-wideinvolvementdivisionandexchangesofservicetrade,anditisundoubtedlythatthepositiveinteractionbetweenservicetradeandinvestmentleadstoeconomicgrowth.Butthetheoreticalresearchonservicetradelagsbehindpractice.
Isitastatisticphenomenonorauniversalruleofeconomicgrowth?
Toapproachtheabovetwoissuesfromtheoreticalandempiricalperspectiveisofgreatvaluetopolicy-making.
Forthepropositionofthat"
Internationalservicetradewilldriveeconomicgrowth"
.Theoreticalanalysisshowsthatalthoughservicetradeisnotadirectinterpretativevariabletoeconomicgrowth,itcaneffecteconomicgrowthindirectlythroughothergrowingfactorsandtechnologyupgrade,butthewaysandmechanismsaredifferentindifferentstages.Inacertainstageofeconomicdevelopment,servicetrade(includinginvestment)willhavestaticanddynamiceffectonfactorssupplyandtechnologyupgradeinonecounty,whichwillleadtothedomesticalterationofresourcesconditionstructure.Itistheenterprisesthatselectindustrystructure,technologystructureandtradestructureaccordingtodynamicalterationwayofcomparativetechnologystructureandtradestructure,whichwillultimatelypromoteevolutionofeconomicgrowthgradually.Sofarasoperationalmechanismofservicetradeandinvestmentisconcerned,servicetradeaffectsfactorssupplyinonecountrybyphysicalcapitalaccumulatingeffect,humancapitaleffect,technologyupgradeeffect,institutionaltransitioneffect,employmenteffectandexternalityoftechnology,theninfluencestheupgradeofindustrialstructure,theupgradeoftechnologicalstructureandthetransitionofmodeofeconomicgrowth.Itisobviousthatdynamiceffectisgreaterthanstaticeffect;
thatexternaleffectisplayingmoreimportantrolethaninternaleffect;
andthattechnologyspillovereffectofforeigndirectinvestmentinserviceindustryisgreaterthanthatofservicetradeinanarrowsense(includingacross-bordersupply,consumptionabroadandmovementofnaturalperson).
Fortheresearchofmechanismabouthowservicetradedrive
economicgrowth.Firstly,thepaperverifiesthecausalitybetweenservicetradeandeconomicgrowthsconcerningdifferenteconomicbodiesandtherepresentativecountries.Theresultsshowthattherearecausalitiesbetweeninternationalservicetradeandeconomicgrowthinthewholeworld,inthedevelopedcountries,intheUSandinchina.Inthedevelopingcountries,servicetradeistheGrangercauseofeconomicgrowth;
Inthewholeworldandthedevelopingcountries,economicgrowthistheGrangercauseofservicetrade;
IntheUS,serviceexportistheGrangercauseofeconomicgrowth,andeconomicgrowthistheGrangercauseofserviceimport.Onthisbasis,itisconcludedthattheopeningofserviceindustrywillbenefiteconomicgrowthinonecountry.Secondly,inordertoexploreonhowtheservicetradeandinvestmentactoneconomicgrowth,empiricalstudiesareemployedtoexplainthecaseofUSandthatofChina.TheresultsshowthattheroutesbywhichservicetradeaffectseconomicgrowthintheUScanberowedasfollowsfrommoresignificanttoless:
employmenteffect,humancapitaleffect,physicalcapitaleffect,technologyeffect,institutioneffect.TheresultsofempiricalanalysisofChinacanbesummarizedthat:
theroutesbywhichserviceexportaffectseconomicgrowthcanberowedasfollows:
employmenteffect,physicalcapitaleffect,institutioneffect,humancapitaleffect,technologyeffect;
theroutsbywhichserviceimportaffectseconomicgrowthcanberowedasfollows:
technologyeffect,institutioneffect,employmenteffect,humancapitaleffect,physicalcapitaleffect;
theroutesbywhichFDIinserviceaffectseconomicgrowthcanberowedasfollows:
technologyeffect,humancapitaleffect,institutioneffect,employmenteffect,physicalcapitaleffect.Moreover,theeffectofFDIinserviceisstrongerthanserviceimport,andtheeffectofserviceimportisstrongerthanserviceexport.
Accordingtotheempiricaltestinthispaper,theconclusioncanbedrawnasfollows:
servicetradeinanarrowsensewillhavestaticanddynamiceffectsonfactorsupplyinonecountrythroughimportandexportofservice,FDIinse