Importance-of-pragmatics-in-translation语用学在翻译中的重要性Word文档下载推荐.doc

Importance-of-pragmatics-in-translation语用学在翻译中的重要性Word文档下载推荐.doc

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Pragma-linguisticequivalenteffectrealizestheequivalencebycomparingTLtoSLfromtheangleofpragmalinguitics,whilesocio-pragmaticequivalenteffectfromtheangleofsociopragmatics.Forexamples:

1）种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。

译文：

Asyousaw,sowillyoureap.

2）吃苦在前，享乐在后。

Bethefirsttobearhardshipandthelasttoenjoycomforts.

3）酒醉志昏

译文：

Whenwineisin,witisout.

Pragma-linguisticequivalenteffectwasusedinthetranslationofthesesentences,whichwerestrictlyintheformofthesentencesofTLandSL.Sometimes,itevenrequirestheparallelism,antithesis,alliterationorrhymeinTLtomaintaintheoriginalstyleoftheSLintheconditionthattheinformationsweremaximumlyremained.

Theexamplesofsocio-pragmaticequivalenteffectareshowedasfollows:

4）济公，劫富济贫，深受人民爱戴。

Jigong,RobinHoodinChina,robbedtherichandhelpthepoor.

5）境内河流湖泊密布，京杭大运河纵贯南北，是著名的江南水乡。

WithsomanyriversandlakesinitandtheBeijing-HangzhouGrandCanalthroughit,Suzhouisrenownedas“VeniceofChina”.

6）小心碰头

译文:

Mindyourhead./Watchyourhead.

Actually,socio-pragmaticequivalencedemandsthetranslatorstoovercometheculturedifference,toputthemselvesintheshoesoftheaudiencesoftheTL.Sowhentheforeignerfirstlyheard“Jigong”,hemightbeconfusedwith“whothatguyis”.ButwhenwecomparetheJigongtoRobinHood,hecanpictureoutapersonwiththemajorcharacteristicsofRobinHoodimmediatelyforeverywesternerhastheculturebackgroundthatknowingwellaboutRobinHood.Sentence5alsoshowsusagoodexampleoftranslation,ithelptheforeignlistenergetwellunderstandingontheconditionandstructureoftheSuzhou.InmanypublicplaceinChina,“小心碰头”wastranslatedinto“takecareofyourhead”,whichwasaphenomenonofsocio-pragmaticfailure.Itoccurswhenthetranslatorwithouttheculturebackgroundknowledgeofthetargetsfalselychosethelinguisticformbecauseoftheculturedifference.

CPalsoplaysanimportantroleintranslation.Astranslationisacoursewiththeternaryrelationamongauthor,translatorandreader,whentheauthorviolatedthemaximsofCPonpurpose,thenhemusthavesomethingtosayinhiswords.Thatistosay,thereareimplicitmeaningsinhisconversation.Forinstance:

7）Youarethecreaminmycoffee.

Sentence7isobviouslyfalseinmostnaturalcontextsandtheauthorinutteringitfloutsthemaximofquality.Butthetranslatorstillassumesthattheauthorisbeingcooperativeandtheninferthatheistryingtosaysomethingdistinctfromtheliteralmeaning.Hecanthenworkoutthatprobablytheauthormeattosaythatthereaderhassomecharacteristicsofcreaminthecoffee,whichmakeshimfeelsweetandnotbitter,thatis“youaremyprideandjoy”.

PPcanbeexpressedinvariouswayindifferentcountiesduetoculturediversity.Therefore,thetranslatorshouldbefamiliarwiththetwopatternsofPPinSLandTL.Foranexample：

8）外国客人：

Wehadenjoyedawonderfuldeliciousmealatyourhome.

主人：

哪里哪里，粗茶淡饭，没什么好吃的，请不要介意。

AsaChinese,weallknowthattheutteranceofthehostisproperinChinainordertoshowhismodestyandpoliteness.HeacteduptothePPofsocialetiquettesinChina.ButifweliterallytranslateintoEnglishlike“Oh,no,justcoarseteaandbrownrice.Thereisnogoodfood.Pleasedon’tmind.”theforeignguestsmightbeconfusedbecausetheyhavethevaluethattheguestsshouldbetreatedwithgoodmealinthe,andnowtheyhadservedwiththedeliciousfoodbutthehostdeniedit.Inthiscase,weshouldgetfullunderstandingsocialetiquettesinthewest.PeoplefromthewestwillfollowthePPbysaying“Thankyou”inthissituation.Sowejustneedtotranslatethehost’swordsinto“Thankyou”or“Thanks”.

Thetranslatorswiththeviewofrelevancetheoryholdtheopinionthattheyshouldpickuptheoptimalrelevancebetweentheutteranceandthecontextassumptionincludinglinguisticinformation,logicalinformation,encyclopedic-knowledgeinformationandspeaker’sutterancetoselectthepropertranslation.Andtheythinkthetranslationisdeterminedbythecontext.Therewasafuncaseasfollows:

9）A:

Going?

B:

Gone!

A:

Any?

Some.

Withoutthecontext,wecanhardlyunderstandwhatt