贸易术语案例分析Word格式.doc
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Whodoyouthinkshouldholdresponsibilitiesfortheloss?
Why?
某公司以CFR价出口一批货物,装运后由于工作疏忽,未能及时向买方发出装货通知,致使买方未及时投保,结果船开后,不久触礁沉没,货物全部损失,进口方向出口方提出赔偿,可是出口方认为货物损坏,发生在交货之后,风险应由买方承担,故拒绝赔偿,因此发生争议。
问题:
你认为货损责任应由谁承担?
为什么?
Answer:
Thesellershouldtakeresponsibilitiesforthelost.
ThetransactionismadeonCFR,whichmeansthesellershouldarrangeshipmentwithinthestipulatedtimeanddeliverthegoodstotheshiptransportedtothedestination.Thesellershouldtakeresponsibilitiesandobligationofallcostsandrisksforthegoodsbeforetheyareonboardthevesselatthenamedportofshipment.Heshouldalsobooktheshipandpayforthenecessaryfreighttothedestination.Inaddition,thesellerhastheobligationstonotifythebuyer.AccordingtotheCFRterms,thesellerisresponsibleforarrangingshipment,andthebuyerforcargoinsurance.Ifthesellerfailstosendouttheshipmentadviceontime,thebuyercan’tcovertheinsuranceforthegoods.Sometimestherewillbecasesofnoinsurancefortheshippedgoods.Therefor,sellermustsendthebuyertheshippingadviceinorderthatthebuyercaneffectinsuranceforthegoodsontime.Ifthesellerfailstodoso,heshouldtakeresponsibilitiesforthelost.
回答:
应该由卖方承担责任。
虽然是采用CFR的方式贸易,CFR,成本加运费(·
·
指定目的地)是指卖方必须在合同规定的装运期内,在装运港将货物交至运往指定目的港的船上,负担货物运至指定目的港船上的一切费用和货物灭失或损害的风险,并负责租船或订舱,支付抵达目的港的正常运费。
但是同时卖方有及时发出装船通知的义务。
按CFR条件成交时,由卖方安排运输,由买方办理货运保险。
如卖方不及时发出装船通知,则买方就无法及时办理货运保险,甚至有可能出现漏保货运险的情况。
因此,卖方装船后务必及时发出装船通知,否则,卖方应承担货物在运输途中的风险和损失。
Case2CIFTermsorCIPTerms,WhichisBetter
Thiscaseistoillustratehowtoselectthetradetermsfortheexportgoodsintheinlandarea.
CaseDescription:
InSeptember2009,aBritishtradingcompany(hereinafterreferredtoastheimporter)andChineseHunanProvinceImport&
ExportCorporation(hereinafterreferredtoastheexporter)enteredintoacontracttopurchaseanumberofglasswareunderthepriceconditionsofCIFLondon,paymenttermsofirrevocableletterofcredit,withatransportcompanyinQingdao,China(hereinafterreferredtoasthecarrier)signedacontractoftransportation.InearlyDecembertheexporterloadedtheconsignmentsontruckssentbythecarrier.Duringtheprocessoftransportationanaccidentoccurredduetothedriver’sfaultandthereforetheconsignmentsfailedtobeshippedontheshipmentdatestipulatedbytheletterofcredit.Onreceivingthenoticeoftheaccident,theexporterinstantlynegotiatedwiththeimportermakingarequestofextendingthevalidperiodoftheL/Candtheshipmentdatebytendays,simultaneouslytheexporterinformedtheimporteringoodfaiththattwoboxesofglasswaremightbedamaged.TheBritishimporterrepliedthattheyagreedanextension,butdemandedthatthepriceofgoodsshouldbecutdownby8%.Theexporterarguedthatthetwoboxesofglasswarecouldbesoldatarateby3%offandtheremaining1%off,whichleadstototallosses(includingtheprice,interestandotherrelatedlosses)ofUSD100000.
Afterwards,theexporter,astheconsignor,lodgedaclaimforlossesagainstthecarrier.Inthisregard,thecarrieragreedtobearthestoragecostsandthelossesoffourboxesofdamagedgoods;
butpayonly50%oftheinterestlossonthegroundsthattheywereonlypartiallyaccountable,sayingthatlossesweremainlyduetothedelayofmodifyingthedocumentsbytheexporterwithimporter,sotheywouldnotreimbursethelossesoftheprice.Theyalsobelievedthatthiswasduetotheagreementwhichwassignedunilaterallybytheexporterandimportersideandhadnothingtodowiththem.Theexporterthoughtthatthelossesofthepriceandinterestwereduetothecarrier’sfault,insistingontheirfullcompensation.3monthslater,withtheconsultation,thecarriereventuallypaidthecompensationforallthelossesamountingtoUSD35000.TheactuallossoftheexporterwasUSD65000.
Whatcamwelearnfromthecase?
案例2CIF条款和CIP条款,哪个更合适
案情介绍:
2009年9月,英国某贸易公司(以下简称进口方)与中国湖南某进出口公司(以下简称出口方)签订合同,购买一批日用玻璃品,价格条件为CIF伦敦,支付条件为不可撤销的跟单信用证,出口方需要提供已装船提单等有效证件。
出口方随后与青岛某运输公司(以下简称承运人)签订运输合同。
12月初,出口方将货物备妥,装上承运人派来的货车。
途中由于驾驶员的过失发生了车祸,耽误了时间,错过了信用证规定的装船日期。
得到发生车祸的通知后,中国的出口商即刻与进口方洽商要求将信用证的有效期和装船期延期10天,并本着诚信原则告知进口方4箱玻璃用品可能受损。
英国进口方回函称同意延期,但要求货价应降8%。
出口方据理力争,同意受震荡的4箱玻璃用品降价3%,但认为其余货物并未损坏,不能降价。
但进口方坚持要求全部降