最新物流外文文献翻译Word文档下载推荐.docx
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(1)Creatingtimevalue:
samegoodscanbevalueddifferentatdifferenttimes.Goodsoftenstopduringthetransferprocess,whichisprofessionallycalledthestorageoflogistics.Itcreatesthetimevalueforgoods.
(2)Creatinglocationvalue:
samegoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferentlocations.Thevalueaddedduringthetransferprocessisthelocationvalueoflogistics.
(3)Distributionprocessingvalue:
sometimeslogisticscreatedistributionprocessingvalue,whichchangesthelength,thicknessandpackagesofthegoods.Likepopularsaying,“cuttingintosmallerparts”isthemostcommonlyseendistributionprocessingwithinlogisticscreateaddedvalueforgoods.
2.Logisticsisanewcommercialarea,developingfromthetraditionalstagetoamodernone.Themaindifferencesbetweenthesetwostageinclude:
(1)Modernlogisticsadoptscontainerizationtechniques.Thegoodstransferprocessstartswithpackaging,followedbytransportation,storageanddistribution.Thewholeprocessisoperatedunderlogisticsstandards.Basedonthelogisticsbasemoduleof600×
400mm,fromthelogisticsmoduleof1,200×
1,000mm,andenlargetothesizeof2,591×
2,438mm-thesizeofhigh×
wideofthecontainer.Itcanbeadjustedtothestandardsizesofcontainersfortrains,trucksandships.
(2)Informationtechnologiesaremostimportantformodernlogistics.BarCode,POS,EDIandGPSsystemsdramaticallyimprovetheefficiencyandaccuracyofthelogisticsactivities.Internetfurtherassiststhemarketdevelopment,operationandmanagementofthelogisticsindustry.
3.InternationalLogistics
Anincreasingnumberofcompaniesareinvolvingininternationalmarketsthroughexporting,licensing,joinsventures,andownership.Thistrendshouldcontinue.Withsuchexpansionthereisaneedtodevelopworldwidelogisticsnetworks.Integratedlogisticsmanagementandcostanalysiswillbemorecomplexanddifficulttomanage.
Therearesomefuturetrendsininternationalization:
(1)Morelogisticsexecutiveswithinternationalresponsibilities
(2)Expansionofthenumberandsizeofforeigntradezones.
(3)Reductionintheamountofinternationalpaperworkanddocumentation
(4)Moreforeignwarehousingisownedandcontrolledbytheexportingfirm
(5)Increasingnumberofsmallerfirm
(6)Foreignownershipoflogisticsservicefirms,e.g.,publicwarehousingandtransportationcarriers.
(7)Increasingmultipledistributionchannels
Theinternationaltransportandtheinternationallogisticsaresamethingsinsomeway.So,whentheinternationaltradinginvolved,thefirmmustestablishinternationallogisticssystemstoprovidetheproductsandservicedemanded.Themostsignificantdevelopmentininternationallogisticswillbetheincreasingsophisticationinformationsystemadoptedandindependentdepartmentstooperate.
4.Packaging.
Packagingperformstwobasicfunctions–marketingandlogistics.Inmarketingthepackagingactspromotionandadvertising.Itssize,weight,color,andprintedinformationattractcustomersandconveyknowledgeoftheproduct.Whenfirmsareinvolvedininternationalmarketing,packagingbecomesevenmoreimportant.Productssoldtoforeigncountriestravelgreaterdistancesandundergomorehandlingoperations.Thelogisticspackageistoprotecttheproductsduringtheprocessoflogistics.
Scrapdisposal.Thelogisticsprocessmusteffectivelyandquicklyhandle,transport,andstorewasteproducts.Iftheycanbereusedorrecycled,logisticscompanyshouldarrangeandmovethemtothere–productionandre–processinglocations.
Returngoodshandling.Thehandlingofreturngoodsisoftencalledreversedistribution.Buyersmayreturnitemstothesellerforanumberofreasons.Mostlogisticssystemsarenotgoodenoughtohandlesuchcases.Inmanyindustries,consumersreturnproductsforwarrantyrepair,replacement,orrecycling,reversedistributioncostsmaybeveryhigh.Reversedistributionwillbecomemoreimportantascustomersdemandmoreflexibleandfavorablereturnpolicies.
5.ThirdPartLogistics(TPL)
ThirdPartLogisticsprovidesallthelogisticsservices.Theyactasabridgeorfacilitatorbetweenthefirstpart(supplierorproducer)andthesecondpart(buyerorcustomer).Theprimaryobjectivesofthirdpartlogisticsprovidersaretolowerthetotalcostoflogis