新高考英语 阅读理解之议论文江苏专用 解析Word版Word格式文档下载.docx
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theCAScalculator.HemadeclearthattheCASwasabletosolveallofhisSATequations(方程式).Heclaimedallheneededwashisknowledgeofseventh-grademathandthecalculatordidtherest.
Fromexperience,Iknowitisn'
tthatsimple.Afancycalculatorthatcostsabout$150isnotthatusefulifyoudon'
tunderstandwhatthequestionisasking.Butitdoesfeellikecheating.Asidefrombeingfinanciallyoutofreachofmanystudents,CAScalculatorshavethepotentialtomisrepresentmathabilityandproblem-solvingskills.
It'
sunfairtoallowsuchanincrediblyhelpfuladvancedcalculatorunlesseverystudenthasaccesstoit.Especiallywhenthetesthasthepotentialtoaffectastudent'
seducationalpath.InresponsetoanemailaskingwhethertheCollegeBoard,whichownstheSAT,isawarethattheCASisseenasgreatlyhelpingthosewhouseitandwhetherithasconsideredbanningsuchcalculators,acommunicationsofficersentalinktotheSATcalculatorpolicy,whichspellsoutthepermittedcalculators,CASamongthem.
Ifallstudentshadaccesstoabettercalculator,howmanycouldimprovetheirtestscoresenoughtogetintotheirdreamschool?
Howmanystudentsgetintobetterschoolsbecauseofthisprivilegehack?
Itisn'
trightandshouldn'
tstand.
Thesimplestsolutionwouldbetoleaveoutthemathsectionthatallowscalculatoruseorpermittest-takerstouseonlythemostbasiccalculators,providedbytheCollegeBoard.Theequationforfairnessissimple:
Youknowitwhenyouseeit,andthiscalculatorinequity(不公)isn'
tit.
1.TheexampleofastudentdoingbetterthanthewriterinthemathPSATisusedto________.
A.introducethetopic
B.comparetheirmathachievements
C.showthewriter'
senvy
D.blamehischeatingintheexam
2.WhydidthewriterfeelitunfairforstudentstouseCAScalculators?
A.BecauseeverystudentcannotuseoneinSAT.
B.Becausehedidn'
tuseoneasearlyasothers.
C.Becausehismodelwaslesspowerfulthanothers'
.
D.BecausetheCollegeBoarddidn'
tprovideonetohim.
3.What'
stheCollegeBoard'
sattitudetowardsbanningtheCAScalculators?
A.Favorable.
B.Disapproving.
C.Ambiguous.
D.Cautious.
4.What'
sthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.CAScalculators-cheatinginSAT
B.SolutiontostoppingcheatinginSAT
C.Callsonbanningthecalculators
D.Callsonusingbasiccalculators
【答案】AABC
【分析】这是一篇议论文。
本文通过在数学PSAT中,一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题:
考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。
作者列举了使用计算器的弊端,呼吁禁止使用计算器。
1.推理判断题。
第一段中“Asahighschoolstudent,Ilearnedthisthehardwaylastyear,whenastudentIdidn'
theCAScalculator.”提到,作为一名高中学生,我去年学到了这一点,当时有个学生,我没有想到会在PSAT数学考试中打败我。
他很快承认了自己成功的秘诀:
CAS计算器。
作者在下文讨论了考试中是否应该使用计算器,由此可知,作者提到这个例子是为了介绍主题。
故选A项。
2.细节理解题。
根据第三段中“It'
sunfairtoallowsuchanincrediblyhelpfuladvancedcalculatorunlesseverystudenthasaccesstoit.(除非每个学生都能使用,否则允许使用如此有用的高级计算器是不公平的)”可知,作者觉得学生使用CAS计算器不公平,是因为不是每个学生都能在SAT中使用一个CAS计算器。
故选A项。
3.推理判断题。
根据第三段中“InresponsetoanemailaskingwhethertheCollegeBoard,whichownstheSAT,isawarethattheCASisseenasgreatlyhelpingthosewhouseitandwhetherithasconsideredbanningsuchcalculators,acommunicationsofficersentalinktotheSATcalculatorpolicy,whichspellsoutthepermittedcalculators,CASamongthem.”可知,一封邮件询问负责SAT的美国大学董事会是否意识到CAS计算器帮助使用者及是否考虑禁止这样的计算器,一位通信官员对此作出回应,发了一个链接到SAT计算器政策,其中详细说明了允许使用的计算器,CAS就是其中之一。
由此可知,大学董事会对禁止使用CAS计算器持的态度是不赞成的。
故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。
结合最后一段中“Thesimplestsolutionwouldbetoleaveoutthemathsectionthatallowscalculatoruseorpermittest-takerstouseonlythemostbasiccalculators,providedbytheCollegeBoard.(最简单的解决办法是跳过允许使用计算器的数学部分,或者只允许考生使用由CollegeBoard提供的最基本的计算器)”可知,本文通过在数学PSAT中,一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题:
C项“呼吁禁止使用计算器”适合作为文章标题。
故选C项。
B
Fortoday’sincreasinglyinterconnectedfoodsupplychains,“efficient”iswhatit’ssupposedtobe:
Eachcountryspecializesinwhatit’sbest,atandputsitontheglobalmarket.Producersandprocessorswithincountriesspecialize,too,asawaytominimizecosts.Asaresult,atleastintheory,pricesstaylow,theworldgetsfedandeveryonewins.
However,thecoronaviruscrisisdemonstrateswhatiswrongwiththisapproach.Whenbarrierspreventfoodfromreachingitsmarkets,ordemandsuddenlydrops—bothofwhicharehappeningnow—thesystemfallsapart.
Specializationofthefoodsystemmakesithardtoshiftintodifferentmarketswhendisruptionsarise.Belgium,aleadingexporterofpotatoes,lostsalesnotonlytolocalrestaurantsbutalsotoothercountriesbecauseoflockdowns(封锁).AtleasttheBelgia