英语阅读理解练习题及解析.docx
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英语阅读理解练习题及解析
英语阅读理解练习题及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Planyourdreamvacationtooneoftheseexcellentdestinations.
St.Lucia
AbundantrainforestsandsplendidmountainsareallreasonstovisitthisCaribbeanisland.St.Luciaofferstheperfectmixofrelaxationandadventure.Totakeinthebreathtakingscenery,plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.
Banff.Alberta
ThisCanadiandestinationwillbringouttheexplorerinanyonewhovisits.Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.TheLakeLouiseSkiResortisoneofthelargestinNorthAmericaandthestrikingphotoopportunitiesoftheCanadianRockiesfromMoraineLakecan'tbeunderestimated(低估).
MachuPicchu
Accordingtotravelers,avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.LocatedintheAndesMountains,itisthemostfamiliaricon(象征物)ofIncacivilization.SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.
GreatBarrierReef
It'seasytoseewhytheGreatBarrierReefisoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld–itstretchesnearly1,500milesalongtheeasterncoastlineofAustraliaandfeaturesabout3,000reefs,900islandsandmorethan1,500speciesoffish.Travelerscanseetheseamazingnaturalstructuresfromtheairorunderwater.However,largeamountsofcoralbleaching(褪色)causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace'scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.
(1)WhatcanyouenjoybothinSt.LuciaandBanff?
A. Hiking.
B. Skiing.
C. Diving.
D. Snowboarding.
(2)Wheremayahistorianchoosetogo?
A. St.Lucia.
B. Banff.Alberta.
C. MachuPicchu.
D. GreatBarrierReef
(3)WhatdoweknowabouttheGreatBarrierReef?
A. It'sonthewesterncoastofAustralia. B. It'sfamousforcoralreefsratherthanfish.
C. Peoplemusttakeaplanetoenjoyitsbeauty.
D. Itmaydisappeariftemperaturekeepsonrising.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四处假期极好的去处及各自特色。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据St.Lucia部分中的“plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.”和Banff.Alberta部分中的“Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.”可知在St.Lucia和Banff人们都可以徒步旅行,故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据MachuPicchu部分中的“avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.和SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.”可知历史学家们可以在这里参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址,体验印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据GreatBarrierReef部分中的“largeamountsofcoralbleaching(褪色)causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace'scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.”可知海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色,对大堡礁的存在造成了威胁。
由此可推断如果温度继续升高,大堡礁可能会消失。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
WhatdoLeonardodaVincii,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?
Theywereallleft-handed,alongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPittPrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld'spopulationmaybeleft-handedandstillmostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.
Whatmakesapersonbecomeright-handedratherthanleft-handed?
Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.Onesimpleideasuggeststhatpeoplenormallygetright-handednessfromtheirparents.Studieshavefoundthattworight-handedparentshaveonlya9.5percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild,whereastwoleft-handedparentshavea26percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild.Anothercommontheoryisthatleft-handedpeoplesuffermildbraindamageduringbirth,whichmakesthemleft-handed.However,ifthistheoryweretrue,itwouldnotexplainwhythepercentageofleft-bandedpeopleissosimilarineverysociety,whenbirthconditionsvarysomuchfromsocietytosociety.
Whateverthereasonsbehindit,people'sattitudestowardleft-handednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.Formostpeopletoday,eithercaseisperfectlyacceptable.
(1)Whatmakesoneright-handed?
A. Theenvironment.
B. Mildbraindamageduringbirth.
C. Thereasonisuncertain. D. Otherpeople.
(2)Whyisthenumberofyoungpeoplewhoareleft-handedbiggerthanthatoftheelderly?
A. Becausetheelderlyareforcedtobecomeright-handed.
B. Becauseleft-handedpeopleareconsideredabnormal.
C. Becauseleft-handednesscanbecured.
D. Becausetheyoungareeasilydamaged.
(3)Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A. Left-handedpeoplearelookeddownupon.
B. Generalfactsaboutleft-handedpeople.
C. Somefamousleft-handedpeople.
D. Thereasonswhypeopleareleft-handed.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。
(1)考查细节理解。
第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因,根据”Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.”可知,虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测,但是原因不明。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段“Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.”可知,以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的,所以,那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯,但是,现在人们的态度已经转变了。
故选B。
(3)考查主旨大意。
本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)areanintegralpartofsealifeandsustainitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableagrowingfishpopulation,alongwithotherspecies,forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimecoralbleaching(白化现象)eventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.
Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationforthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea,foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland,Australia.Thesiteisnotedtohavethelargestcoralreefsystemintheworld.
"Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.Youngfishconcentrateonthesesoundswhenthey'relookingforaplacetosettle,"saidSteveSimpson,studyco-authorandaprofessorattheUniversityofExeter,UK.
Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed."Thesereturningfish,arecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Boostingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptokick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,preventingthedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld,"saidleadauthor,TimGordon.
(1)Whatcausesthephenomenonofcoralbleaching?
A.Diversespecies.
B.Noisepollution.
C.Fishingindustry.
D.Climbingtemperatures.
(2)Whatapproachisintroducedtorecoverthecoralreefs?
A.Removingdamagedcoralreefs.
B.Usingloudspeakerstokeepfishaway.
C.Buildingnewhomesforseaspecies.
D.Playingcertainsoundstoappealtofish.
(3)WhyareSteveSimpson'swordsquoted?
A.Toprovidesomefindingsofthestudy.
B.Toshowtheprogressoftheexperiment.
C.Toexplainreasonsforthenewapproach.
D.Togiveanothersolutiontotheproblem.
(4)Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Theattemptsareinvain.
B.Naturalrecoveryisimpossible.
C.Initialsuccesshasbeenachieved.
D.Thecoralreefshavereturnedtonormal.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)D
(3)C
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件,而为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统,科学家们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器,让珊瑚听起来更健康,从而能够吸引鱼类。
作者解释了采用这一方法的原因以及这一新方法获得了初步成功。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimeucoralbleachingeventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.”然而,由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件,损害了它们的健康,导致鱼类和其他海洋物种抛弃它们,可知,气温攀升是导致珊瑚白化现象的原因。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.”为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统,来自英国和澳大利亚的科学家们进行了一项研究,他们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器,让它们听起来更健康,吸引鱼类,这可能会启动珊瑚礁的自然恢复过程及其依赖的生命形式,可知,应当采用播放某些声音来吸引鱼的方法来恢复珊瑚礁。
故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpand