英语中考英语英语阅读理解汇编专项训练及答案及解析.docx
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英语中考英语英语阅读理解汇编专项训练及答案及解析
(英语)中考英语英语阅读理解汇编专项训练及答案及解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1.根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
"I'mgoingtobedearliertomorrow!
"Butnomatterhowwedecide,therearestillmanychancesthatwebreakourpromises.
Thisbehavioriscalled"bedtimeprocrastination"(睡眠拖延症),andresultsfrombeingshortofself﹣controlandourbodyclock.
Bedtimeprocrastinationisacommonproblem.Accordingtoastudy,Among2,400people,53percentofthemcouldn'tfollowtheirsleepingtimetheyhadplanned,delaying(推迟)itatleasttwiceaweek.Theydelayedbedtimenotbecausetheylikedtostayuplate,buttheycouldn'tstopdoingsomeotherthings.
Accordingly,Peoplewhousuallyhavetroubleresistingtemptations(抵制诱惑)andadheringtotheirintentions(坚持己见)aremorelikelytodelaygoingtobed.
However,scientiststhinkbeingshortofself﹣controlisnottheonlyproblem.Ourbodyclockalsolaysanimportantrolewhenitcomestobedtime.
Inordertochecktheinfluenceofthebodyclockonsleep,scientistsstudiedthesleeppatterns(t模式)of108people.Itwasfoundthatthosewhogotuplatearemorelikelytodelaytheirbedtimethanthosewhowokeupearlyeverymorning.
Andmoresurprisingly,nightowls(夜猫子)wouldgotobedlateattheverybeginningoftheweekday,eventhoughtheyhadtogetupearlyforworkandschool.It'stheirspecialbodyclockthatplaysapartindelayingtheirbedtime.
Peoplealwaysthinkthatbedtimeprocrastinationisn'tabigproblem,butthechoiceswemakethataffect(影响)oursleepcouldfinallybeprettyimportantforourhealth.
(1)Bedtimeprocrastinationispartlybecauseof .
A. beingshortofself﹣control
B. resistingtemptations
C. adheringtotheirintentions
D. workinghard
(2)Bedtimeprocrastinationisacommonproblembecause .
A. peoplelikedtostayuplate
B. peoplehavetroulegoingtobed
C. over50%ofpeoplecouldn'tsleepontime
D. peoplearenightowls
(3) peopleweretestedonthesleepinginfluenceofthebodyclock.
A. 2400 B. 53percentof C. 47percentof D. 108
(4)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A. Peoplewhogotuplatearemorelikelytodelaytheirbedtime.
B. Peoplewhowokeupearlymaynotdelaytheirbedtime.
C. Nightowlsalwaysgotuplate.
D. Nightowlsdelayedtheirbedtimeduetotheirspecialbodyclock.
(5)Thewriterimplies(暗示)thatbedtimeprocrastination .
A. isnotabigproblem
B. hasnoanyinfluenceonourbody
C. isthechoicewemake
D. isharmful
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
(4)C
(5)D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了睡眠拖延症,介绍了原因和危害。
(1)细节理解题。
根据Thisbehavioriscalled"bedtimeprocrastination"(睡眠拖延症),andresultsfrombeingshortofself﹣controlandourbodyclock.这种行为被称为"睡前拖延症"(beddimedelutination)是由于缺乏自我控制和我们的生物钟所致,故选A。
(2)细节理解题。
根据Theydelayedbedtimenotbecausetheylikedtostayuplate,buttheycouldn'tstopdoingsomeotherthings.他们推迟睡觉时间不是因为他们喜欢熬夜,而是因为他们不能停止做一些事情.,可只是因为超过50%的人不能按时睡觉,故选C。
(3)细节理解题。
根据Inordertochecktheinfluenceofthebodyclockonsleep,scientistsstudiedthesleeppatternsof108people为了检验生物钟对睡眠的影响,科学家研究了108人的睡眠模式,故选D。
(4)细节理解题。
根据 nightowls(夜猫子)wouldgotobedlateattheverybeginningoftheweekday,eventhoughtheyhadtogetupearlyforworkandschool. 夜猫子(nightowls)会在工作日的最开始很晚睡觉,即使他们必须早起上班和上学,可知夜猫子起床晚是错误的,故选C。
(5)细节题。
根据Peoplealwaysthinkthatbedtimeprocrastinationisn'tabigproblem,butthechoiceswemakethataffect(影响)oursleepcouldfinallybeprettyimportantforourhealth.人们总是认为睡前拖延不是一个大问题,但是我们做出的影响睡眠的选择最终可能对我们的健康非常重要,可知是有害的,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
2.阅读理解
TheBigWheel
NewrideopensonMayatAdventurePark
Seeallthecityfromit
Ticketsonsaidattheparkentrance
Adults:
$3.50
Under16s:
2.50
FutureWorld
Theamazingnewcomputergame
Onsalefromnextweekincomputershopsandsupermarkets
For2~4players
Only$35!
JeepRides
Inthedesert
TuesdayandSaturday
2:
00p.mtill6:
00p.m.
$17.50perperson
Childrenmustbeever12yearsold
Tel:
321703
CompetitionYoungsingeroftheYear
YorkConcertHall
May29
Winaguitar!
Singersmustbeunder16
Wanttoknowmore?
Callortext998456
TeenVoice
Thenewmagazineforteenagers$2
Interestingstoriesandpagesoffashionandmusic
Onsaleeveryweek
Gotowww.teenvoice.com
TopTwoBooksthisMonth
ForestStreetbyAlanBanksandBestBikeRidebyKimJams
OrderbeforeApril10foraspecialpriceforbothbooks—$20
www.booksalot.com
(1)Ifyouwanttoknowmoreinformationaboutthesingingcompetition,youcan________.
A. gotowww.teenvoice.com
B. gotowww.booksalot.com
C. callthemat321703 D. callortext998456
(2)Tomwantstoplaycomputergameswithhisfriends,whatwilthechoose?
A. ThenVoice.
B. FutureWorld.
C. BestBikeRide
D. ForestStreet.
(3)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A. BestBikeRideiswrittenbyKimJams.
B. Thenewmagazineforteenagersisonsaleeveryweek.
C. Eleven-year-oldDavidisallowedtodriveajeepinthedesertonTuesday.
D. PaulandTinaaregoingtotheBigWheelwiththeirs4-year-oldson,theyshouldpay$9.50forthetickets.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)C
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
主要介绍了六则广告的一些信息。
(1)细节理解题。
根据表格四句子CompetitionYoungsingeroftheYear,YorkConcertHall,May29,Winaguitar!
,Singersmustbeunder16,Wanttoknowmore?
Callortext998456.年轻歌手比赛,纽约音乐厅,5月29日,赢得一个吉他,歌手必须在16岁以下,想知道更多?
打电话或者发短信998456。
可知可以打电话或者发短信998456。
故选D。
(2)细节理解题。
根据表格二句子FutureWorld,Theamazingnewcomputergame未来的世界,神奇的新电脑游戏。
可知汤姆想和他的朋友们玩电脑游戏。
应该买未来的世界。
故选B。
(3)细节判断题。
根据表格三句子Childrenmustbeover12yearsold.儿童必须超过12岁。
可知11岁的大卫被允许驾驶一辆吉普车在沙漠中行驶是错误的。
故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文主要考查细节理解题,首先仔细阅读文后的问题,弄清问题的大意;然后带着问题阅读短文,抓住关键信息,选择正确答案。
3.阅读下列材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?
Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?
Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It'sthesocialproof(社会认同感)thatworks.
ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines(A,B,C).Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermenentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects(实验对象).
Whydoweactlikethis?
Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting(打猎)withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?
Wouldyouhavestayed?
No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.
Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecapfulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".
(1)Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby________.
A. tellingastory
B. givingexamples
C. answeringquestions
D. showingamap
(2)AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows________.
A. followingothersisalwaysright
B. socialproofmaychangepeople'sideas
C. it'sdifficulttocarryouttheexperiment
D. peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone
(3)Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraphgrefersto________.
A. runningwithothers
B. huntingwithfriends
C. copyingothers'action
D. doingsomethingdifferent
(4)Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that________.
A. it'simportanttorunwithothersanytime
B. productsintheadvertisementarethebest
C. wemustn'tcopyothers'actiontokeepsafe
D. weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers
【答案】
(1)B
(2)B
(3)C
(4)D
【解析】【分析】短文大意:
这篇短文通过几个实例说明了社会认知感对人们的影响。
(1)细节理解题。
Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?
Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?
可知作者是通过实例说明了一个论点社会认同感的影响。
故选B。
(2)细节理解题。
第三段的实验内容主要讲让人们选择一个正确答案,在一个人单独思考的状况下,可以答对;当一群人一起看问题,并告知他们前面的人选择的一个错误答案,他们就都选择认可前人回答的错误答案,由此可知社会认同感会让人改变观点。
故选B。
(3)词意猜测题。
根据Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting(打猎)withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?
Wouldyouhavestayed?
No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers'action. 这种观念深深种在我们的脑海中并且现在我们仍旧在使用。
可知it指的是人们抄袭他人的行动。
故选C。
(4)推理判断题。
根据Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".因此无论何时当一个公司说它的产品是对受欢迎的要小心。
可知当我们在跟从别人之前要再三考虑。
故选D。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。
先阅读短文,了解短文大意,然后分析问题,弄清题意,再带着问题阅读短文,从短文的细节中找出问题答案。
对于推理判断题要根据文章中相关的细节进行推理判断,不要主观臆断,要根据作者的观点确定。
4.阅读下列短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
Artificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能)istheabilityofacomputerprogramoramachine.ThecomputerorthemachinewithAIcanthinkandlearn.Itisalsoafieldofstudythattriestomakecomputers"smart".JohnMcCarthy,ascientist,cameupwith(提出)thename"artificialintelligence"over60yearsago.Manythingssuchaslearningandproblemsolvingcanbedonebycomputers,thoughnotinthesameway