新课标高中英语必修2 Unit 3 Computer 全单元教案.docx
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新课标高中英语必修2Unit3Computer全单元教案
新课标高中英语必修2Unit3Computer全单元教案
M2Unit 3 Computer
Period1:
Warmingup
(WHOAMI?
)
Warmingup
Thissectionisanintroductiontothetopic.Itistogetthestudentsthinkingaboutthedifferentwayscomputerscanbemade.Dothispartofthelessoninpairsandasaspeakingactivity.
Warmingupbytalkingaboutcomputer
Lookatthepicturesonpage17.Whatarethey?
Whatdotheyhaveincommon?
Yes,theyarecomputers.Thenwhatisacomputer?
Acomputerisamachinewhichstoresknowledgeinitsmemoryanddoescalculationsonthatknowledge.Thisknowledgeisstoredinsymbols;itiscalleddata.Acomputerusuallyhasamonitortoshowresults.However,somecomputerscanspeak;thesecomputerscanbeusedforvoicemail.
DrawontheblackboardadiagramtoillustratetheinfluenceofthecomputerandtheInternetovertheschooleducation.Belowisadiagramyoumayliketouse.Askstudentstolookatthediagramandconsider,”WhatchangeshavecomputersandtheInternetbroughttoschools?
Whatchangeswilltheybringtoschoolsinthefuture?
”AsktheSstoworkingroupsandtomakealistofthepossiblechangestheycanthinkof.Whenmostofthegroupshavetheirlistsready,theteachercanholdaclassdiscussion.Writedownthemajorchangesthestudentsthinkofunder/besidethediagram.Theteachercanaddoneortwochangesthatmayaffecttheirownteaching.Forexample,“ComputersandtheInternetcanhelpbusyparentscontactteachersbyemail.”Theteachercanendthetaskwithabriefsummary,orholdafurtherdiscussiontofindoutstudents'personalopinionsaboutthechanges.Forexample,askthem,“Doyoulikeallthesechanges?
Whyandwhynot?
Whatchangesdoyoulike/dislike?
”
Someinformation:
计算机室
Acomputerfrequentlyrequiresabootdevice.Thebootdevicecontainsthecomputer’soperatingsystemanddata.Computerprogramscanbeinstalledontoacomputer.SomepeoplethinkthatcomputersarelessusefuliftheydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.TheythinkthisbecausetheInternetallowsthecomputerstosendandreceivedataandemailacrosstheworld.
曙光3000巨型计算机
Acomputerisnowalmostalwaysanelectronicdevice.Itusuallycontainsmaterialswhicharetoxic;thesematerialswillbecometoxicwastewhendisposedof.Whenanewcomputerispurchasedinsomeplaces,lawsrequirethatthecostofitswastemanagementmustalsobepaidfor.Thisiscalledproductstewardship.
Insomecountriesoldcomputersarerecycled(melteddown)togetgoldandothermetals.Thisisdangerous,becausethisprocedurereleasesthetoxicwasteintothewaterandsoil.
Computersbecomeobsoletequickly.Veryoftentheyaregivenawayandnewonesreplacethemwithintwoorthreeyears.Thismakestheproblemworse.Computerrecyclingisthuscommon.Manyprojectstrytosendworkingcomputerstodevelopingnationssotheycanbere-usedandwillnotbecomewasteasquickly.
Computerjargon计算机行话
Computerjargonmeanswordstodowithcomputersandsurroundingtopics.Knowingwhatthesewordsmeancanhelpyouknowmoreaboutcomputers.Somepeopleusethesewordstoimpressotherpeople(Alsoknownasbuzzwords).
Examplesofjargon:
Bit-Thesmallestdataunit,caneitherbea“0.”ora“1.”.
Byte-unitofdata.SeealsoKilobyte,Megabyte,GigabyteandNibble
CPU–CentralProcessingUnit,Anothernameforprocessor
Data-Informationstoredonacomputer
Disk-Aplacetostoredata.
Email-Electronicmail.
GHz-Gigahertz.Usedoftenincorrectlytodescribethespeedofaprocessor.Butwithsome2.4GHzprocessorsfasterthan3.6GHzones,itisclearthatitisjustasalesmantrick.
Load-Getdatafromadisk
Nibble-HalfaByte
Save-Putdataonadisk
RAM–random-accessmemory(随机存取存储器),themorethebetter.
USB-UniversalSerialBus(通用串行总线,一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座)
WWW-WorldWideWeb,partoftheInternet
Period2-3Pre-reading&Reading
Pre-reading
ThiscanbeacontinuationoftheWarmingUp.LetthestudentsdiscussthequestionssetoutintheStudent'sBook.
1.QuestioningandansweringWhatdoyouknowaboutcomputer?
●Electronicmachinecapableofperformingcalculationsandothermanipulationsofvarioustypesofdata,underthecontrolofastoredsetofinstructions.Themachineitselfisthehardware;theinstructionsaretheprogramorsoftware.Dependinguponsize,computersarecalledmainframes,minicomputers,andmicrocomputers.Microcomputersincludedesk-topandportablepersonalcomputers.
●Amulti-functionelectronicdevicethatcanexecuteinstructionstoperformatask.
●Adevicethatacceptsinformation,processesit,andsuppliesanoutput.Acomputerusuallycontainsmemory,acontrolunit,arithmeticandlogicalunits,andameansforinputandoutput.
●aprogrammablehardwarecomponentthatiscontrolledbyinternallystoredprogramsandthatcanperformsubstantialcomputations(includingarithmeticandlogicoperations)withouthumanintervention.Acomputertypicallyconsistsofoneormoreprocessingunits,memoryunits,andassociatedperipheralinputandoutputdevices.
●Relatedtoautomationandelectronicdataprocessing.TheLibraryofCongresscommonlyclassesmostcomputer-relatedbooksinHF5548,QA75-76,Z52,T385,andsomeTKranges.
●amachineforperformingcalculationsautomatically
calculator:
anexpertatcalculation(oratoperatingcalculatingmachines)
●Acomputerisadeviceormachineformakingcalculationsorcontrollingoperationsthatareexpressibleinnumericalorlogicalterms.Computersareconstructedfromcomponentsthatperformsimplewell-definedfunctions.Thecomplexinteractionsofthesecomponentsendowcomputerswiththeabilitytoprocessinformation.Ifcorrectlyconfigured(usuallyby,programming)acomputercanbemadetorepresentsomeaspectofaproblemorpartofasystem.Ifacomputerconfiguredinthiswayisgive
2.DiscussingandsharingHowhavecomputerschangedourlives?
Somedaysoon,ifyouhaven’talready,you’relikelytoplugintothecomputernetworknationgrowinginourmidst.Computerterminals,orsmallcomputersconnectedviamodem(amodulator/demodulatorcircuitforencoding/decodingcomputerchatter)toordinarytelephonelines,shouldbeasubiquitousasthetelephoneitself.They’reamuchmoreusefulandhumanetoolthanthephone,andwithcorporateAmericabehindthemthenetworkswillbeeverywhere----changingourlivesmorethananytechnologysincetheautomobile.
Joiningacomputernetworkisthesameasjoiningacommunity.Smallsystemsarelikevillages,wherenewmembersareformallywelcomed.Thelargernetworks,theSourceandCompuServe,forexample,arecities-anonymous,fulloflifeandevents,butdifficulttofitinto.
II.Reading
Thisisthepurposeofthereadingandsoitisimportantthatthestudentslearntouseallthecluesinthetexttohelpthemunderstandthegistofwhattheyarereading.Soencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandtheheadingandguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenasktheclasstoreadthepassagesilently.Makesurethestudentshavethechronologyofthedevelopmentofcomputersintheirminds.Askthem:
1.ListeningandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?
Turntopage18andlistenandreadtotherecordingofthetext.Payattentiontothepauses,pronunciationandintonationofthenativereader.
2.Readingaloudandunderliningexpressions
Nowwearetoreadthetextonceagainandunderlinealltheexpressionsinthetext.Putthemdownintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.
CollocationsfromWHOAMI?
beginas…,acalculatingmachine,bebuiltas…,followinstructionsfrom…,soundsimple,atthetime,atechnologicalrevolution,writeabook,make…work,solveproblems,becomehuge,hadartificialintelligence,gobackto…,thesizeof…,goby,changesize,becomesmallandthin,getquick,standtherebyoneself,beconnectedby…,shareinformationby…,talkto…,bring…into…,dealwith…,communicatewith…,servethehumanrace
3.Reading,identifyingandsettling
Attention,please!
Itistimetoskimthetextonemoretimeandidentifythedifficultsentences.Tryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongyourgroupmembers.Youmayalsoputyourquestionstomeforhelp.
Chat(online)(在线)聊天
Tochatistotalkaboutordinarythingsthatarenotveryimportant.Youcanchattoonepersonortomanypeople.PeoplealsousethiswordnowforpartsoftheInternetwherewecantalkwithmanydifferentpeopleatthesametime.Usually,youchatontheinternetinachatroomormessagingservicelikeAOL(AmericanOn-Line)InstantMessenger(AIM),YahooMessenger,orMSNMessenger.
IV.Closingdownbydoingcomprehendingexercises
Turntopage18andinpairsdothecomprehendingexercisesNo.1and2.Readingandtransferring
Scanthetextforinformationtocompletethetablebelow,describingthedevelopmentofcomputer.
In1642
In1822
In1936
In1960s
In1970s
Answerkey:
1642:
Thecomputerbeganasacalculatingmachine.
1822:
TheAnalyticalMachinewas madebyCharlesBabbage.
1936:
AlanTuringwroteabooktodescribehowcomputerscouldbemadetowork.
1960s:
Computershadnewtransistorsandbecamesmaller.
1960s:
Thefirstfamilyofcomputersconnectedtoeachother.
1970s:
Computerswerebroughtintopeople'shomes.
Now:
Computersconnectpeopleallovertheworldtogether
V.Explanation
1.incommon:
fororbyallofagroup共同的;共有的;共用的。
incommon常常同have连用,如:
havenothingincommon无共同之处
havelittleincommon几乎无共同之处
havesomethingincommon有一些共同之处
havealotincommon有许多共同之处
(1)Youknow,Dorothy,youandIhaveonethingincommon.
(2)WejusthadnothingincommonandIcouldn'tcomm