培优阅读理解辅导专题训练附详细答案.docx
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培优阅读理解辅导专题训练附详细答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Oneofmyfavoritehobbiesisexchangingold-fashioned,paper-with-a-stamp-on-itpostcardswithrandomstrangersaroundtheworld.
ThePostcrossingProjectwascreatedbyPauloMagalhaesin2005.Helikedgettingmails—especiallypostcards.Hethoughtothersdid,too—buthowcouldheconnectwiththem?
That'swhenhecameupwiththeideaofanonlineplatform():
There,postcardloverslikemecansignuptosendapostcardtosomeonewhohasregisteredonline,andreceiveapostcardinreturn.
Alongwitharandomlyselectedaddress,participantsgetauniquecodetoputonthepostcard.Whenthepostcardarrives,therecipientregistersthatcodewiththesite,whichthencausesthesender'saddresstobegiventoanotherpostcrosserinturn.Inpractice,thismeansthatfornearlyeverypostcardIsend(afewgetlostinthemail)Igetoneback.AndsinceIneverknowwhowillsendmeacardorwhereintheworldtheylive,everytriptothemailboxholdsthepotentialforawonderfulsurprise.
Privacy-consciousAmericansmightworryaboutsharingtheiraddresswithstrangersoverseas.Butpostcrossersarefriendly,polite,respectfulfolks—inmorethan450cardsexchanged,I'veyettohaveabadexperience.
Ondayswhentheinternationalnewsisdepressing,postcrossingismycomfort.There'snothinglikegettingacardfromachildinChinajustlearningtowriteinEnglish,oragrandmotherinBelarusdescribinghermostrecentgardeningsuccesstoremindmethatwetrulyaremembersofoneglobalfamily,farmoresimilarthanwearedifferent.
Itseemslikesuchasmallthingtosendoutapostcard.Butastravelandcommunicationtechnologycontinuetoshrinktheworld,it'simportanttorememberthatitisn'tjustfordiplomatsandpoliticianstorepresentourcountryanymore.Allofushavethepower—andperhapstheresponsibility—tobeambassadors,toshowthebestofyourcountrytotheworld.
Andit'sgoodtoknowthatwhatyouneedtoaccomplishthisisnotnecessarilycomplicatedorexpensive.Itcanbeassimpleasapostcard.
(1)WhydidPaulosetup?
A. Todiscusspersonalhobbieswithstrangers.
B. Toexchangepostcardswithothersintheworld
C. Tocollectdifferentpostcardsfromothercountries.
D. Toprovideaplatformforcommunicationonline.
(2)Accordingtothepassage,postcrossers__________.
A. don'tknowwhowillsendthempostcards
B. aresuretogetapostcardbackimmediately
C. oftenchooseareceiver'saddresscarefully
D. registereverypostcardtheyreceiveonline
(3)Whatdidthewriterlearnfrompostcrossing?
A. Theinternationalnewsisusuallydepressing.
B. Americansaremoreconsciousaboutprivacy.
C. Postcrosserssometimesdescribetheirbadexperience.
D. Thewholeworldisactuallyabigfamily.
(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"referto?
A. Choosingadiplomattorepresentacountry.
B. Havingtheresponsibilitytobeanambassador.
C. Showingthebestofyourcountry.
D. Shrinkingtheworldwithcommunicationtechnology.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了网站,一个可以让世界各地的陌生人交换老式的、带有邮票的明信片的网站,由PauloMagalhaes在2005年创立。
文章说明了在这个网站和他人交换明信片的方式,以及作者认为这是一种能够向世界展示自己国家最好的一面的方式,而且它并不复杂也不昂贵。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“That'swhenhecameupwiththeideaofanonlineplatform():
There,postcardloverslikemecansignuptosendapostcardtosomeonewhohasregisteredonline,andreceiveapostcardinreturn.”就在那时,他想到了一个在线平台():
在那里,像我这样的明信片爱好者可以注册,向网上注册的用户发送明信片,并收到明信片作为回报。
可知保罗建立了是为了和世界上的其他人交换明信片。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“AndsinceIneverknowwhowillsendmeacardorwhereintheworldtheylive,everytriptothemailboxholdsthepotentialforawonderfulsurprise.”因为我不知道谁会给我寄贺卡,也不知道他们住在世界的什么地方,所以每次去邮箱都有可能带来惊喜。
可知postcrosser并不知道谁会给他们寄明信片。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第三段中的“There'snothinglikegettingacardfromachildinChinajustlearningtowriteinEnglish,oragrandmotherinBelarusdescribinghermostrecentgardeningsuccesstoremindmethatwetrulyaremembersofoneglobalfamily,farmoresimilarthanwearedifferent.”在中国,没有什么比收到孩子们寄来的贺卡更能提醒我,我们是同一个全球大家庭的一员,相似之处远远多于不同之处。
)可知作者从postcrossing中认识整个世界实际上是一个大家庭。
故选D。
(4)考查代词指代。
根据倒数第二段中的“Allofushavethepower—andperhapstheresponsibility—tobeambassadors,toshowthebestofyourcountrytotheworld.”我们所有人都有能力——或许也有责任——成为大使,向世界展示你们国家最好的一面。
可知要向世界展示自己国家最好的一面,你需要做的并不复杂也不昂贵。
故this指代“展示你国家最好的一面。
”故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,根据上下文进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
You'reprobablyusedtotheregularupgradesinourcell-phonenetworks.Therewas2G,whichcamealongin199l,replacedwith3Gin2001,followedby4Gin2009.Nowwe'rehearingaboutthecomingof5G.
But5Gisamuchbiggerleapthanbefore.5G,ofcourse,ismuchfasterthan4Gintherealworldanda5Gphoneina5GcitywillenjoyInternetspeedsbetween9and20timesasfast.Thearrivalof5Galsomeansenormousleapsforwardincapacity-somuchthateverycell-phoneplanwilloffercheap,trulyunlimitedInternetaccess."Theconsequencesofthatarehuge,"saysSherifHanna,Qualcomm'sdirectorof5Gmarketing.Forexample,appswillnolongerdegrade(降低)yourvideoqualityorpostponedownloadingwhenyou'reoutofWi-Firange.Infact,you'llprobablyprefertodoyourdownloadswhenyou'reoncellular(使用流量)because5Gwillbemuchfasterthanwhateverserviceyou'vegotathomeorwork.
"However,noteveryoneisexcitedbythe5Gdevelopment.Thenewstandardgetsitsspeedpartlybyusingexistingtransmission(传输)frequenciesmoreefficientlyandpartlybyusingthemillimeterwaverange.That'sabig,juicylineofradiofrequenciesthatarecurrentlyunderusedbecausemillimeterwaveisreallyhardtouse,"Hannasays.
Thesefrequenciesaremuchhigherthananythingwe'veusedforthecellular,whichmeanstheycanofferunbelievablespeed-butatthecostofrange.Millimeterwavecellulartowershavetobeabout500feetapart.Cellcarriersnotonlywillhavetoupgradealltheircelltransceivers(calledsmallcells)butwillinstall(安装)alotmoreofthemaswell.
That'swhythemillimeterwaveflavorof5G,thesuperfastcoverage,willbeavailableonlyindenselypopulatedcitiessuchasNewYorkandSanFrancisco.Insuburbanandruralareas,5Gwillbringaspeedupof"only"ninetimesfaster.
(1)Whatadvantagesdoes5Ghaveoverpreviousnetworks?
A. 5Gismuchfasterandmoreconvenient.
B. 5Gallowsuserstodownloadmorevideos.
C. 5Gcanprovidebetterserviceandnewsathome.
D. 5Gcell-phoneplansareexpensivebutmoreaccessible.
(2)Hanna'swordsinparagraph3reflect .
A. popularityofthecomingof5G
B. easyaccesstothe5Gdevelopment
C. concernaboutthe5Gdevelopment D. excitementaboutthe5Gdevelopment
(3)Whatcanwelearnabout5Gaccordingtothetext?
A. Itrequiresmorecellulartowers.
B. Itwon'tbeavailableinruralareas.
C. Itwon'tshowspeedimprovementsinsuburbs.
D. Itmakessomepopulatedcitiesevenmorecrowded.
(4)Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?
A. Atourbrochure.
B. Asciencenewspaper.
C. Amedicalmagazine.
D. Anexperimentaltextbook.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了5G网络的一些基本情况。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“But5Gisamuchbiggerleapthanbefore.5G,ofcourse,ismuchfasterthan4Gintherealworldanda5Gphoneina5GcitywillenjoyInternetspeedsbetween9and20timesasfast.”但5G的发展比以前大得多。
当然,在现实世界中,5G比4G快得多,5G城市中的5G手机将享受9到20倍的网速。
可知,5G手机的网速将大幅度提高。
由此可知,与以前的网络相比,5G更快、更方便。
故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“‘However,noteveryoneisexcitedbythe5Gdevelopment…That'sabig,juicylineofradiofrequenciesthatarecurrentlyunderusedbecausemillimeterwaveisreallyhardtouse,’Hannasays.”汉纳说:
“然而,并不是每个人都对5G的发展感到兴奋……这是一个巨大的、有趣的无线电频率线,目前还没有得到充分利用,因为毫米波真的很难使用。
”可知,汉纳认为并不是每个人都对5G的发展感到兴奋,这种无线电频率线,目前还没有得到充分利用。
由此推知,汉纳在第3段中的话反映了对5G发展的担忧。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Cellcarriersnotonlywillhavetoupgradealltheircelltransceivers(calledsmallcells)butwillinstall(安装)alotmoreofthemaswell.”手机运营商不仅要升级他们所有的手机收发器(称为小型小区,还要安装更多的收发器)可知,5G不仅需要手机运营商升级他们所有的手机收发器,还要安装更多的收发器。
可推知,5G需要更多的手机基站。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Therewas2G,whichcamealongin199l,replacedwith3Gin2001,followedby4Gin2009.Nowwe'rehearingaboutthecomingof5G.”1991年出现的2G,2001年被3G取代,2009年又出现了4G。
现在我们听到了5G的到来。
可知,本文主要介绍了5G网络的一些基本情况。
5G网络的发展属于科技进步,结合选项可知,本文应该来自科学报纸。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Ispendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamanonlychild.
Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandhisbed.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga
Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftherefrigeratorisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwastowed(被警察拖走)andsomeotherterriblethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信的).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.
Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein.Hewon'tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotost