力学专业英语词汇翻译.docx

力学专业英语词汇翻译.docx

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力学专业英语词汇翻译

力学专业英语词汇翻译

牛顿力学Newtonianmechanics

经典力学classicalmechanics

工程力学engineeringmechanics

固体力学solidmechanics

一般力学generalmechanics

应用力学appliedmechanics

流体力学fluidmechanics

理论力学theoreticalmechanics

静力学statics

运动学kinematics

动力学dynamics

材料力学materialsmechanics

结构力学structuralmechanics

实验力学experimentalmechanics

计算力学computationalmechanics

力force

作用点pointofaction

作用线lineofaction

力系systemofforces

力系的简化reductionofforcesystem

等效力系equivalentforcesystem

刚体rigidbody

力的可传性transmissibilityofforce

平行四边形定则parallelogramrule

力三角形forcetriangle

力多边形forcepolygon

零力系null-forcesystem

平衡equilibrium

力的平衡equilibriumofforces

平衡条件equilibriumcondition

平衡位置equilibriumposition

平衡态equilibriumstate

分析力学analyticalmechanics

拉格朗日乘子Lagrangemultiplier

拉格朗日[量]Lagrangian

循环积分cyclicintegral

哈密顿[量]Hamiltonian

哈密顿函数Hamiltonianfunction

正则方程canonicalequation

正则摄动canonicalperturbation

正则变换canonicaltransformation

正则变量canonicalvariable

哈密顿原理Hamiltonprinciple

作用量积分actionintegral

哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobiequation

作用--角度变量action-anglevariables

泊松括号poissonbracket

边界积分法boundaryintegralmethod

运动稳定性stabilityofmotion

轨道稳定性orbitalstability

渐近稳定性asymptoticstability

结构稳定性structuralstability

倾覆力矩capsizingmoment

拉力tensileforce

正应力normalstress

切应力shearstress

静水压力hydrostaticpressure

集中力concentratedforce

分布力distributedforce

线性应力应变关系linearrelationshipbetweenstressandstrain

弹性模量modulusofelasticity

横向力lateralforcetransverseforce

轴向力axialforce

拉应力tensilestress

压应力compressivestress

平衡方程equilibriumequation

静力学方程equationsofstatic

比例极限proportionallimit

应力应变曲线stress-straincurve

拉伸实验tensiletest‘

屈服应力yieldstress

极限应力ultimatestress

轴shaft

梁beam

纯剪切pureshear

横截面积cross-sectionalarea

挠度曲线deflectioncurve

曲率半径radiusofcurvature

曲率半径的倒数reciprocalofradiusofcurvature

纵轴longitudinalaxis

悬臂梁cantileverbeam

简支梁simplysupportedbeam

微分方程differentialequation

惯性矩momentofinertia

静矩staticmoment

扭矩torquemoment

弯矩bendingmoment

弯矩对x的导数derivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox

弯矩对x的二阶导数thesecondderivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox

静定梁staticallydeterminatebeam

静不定梁staticallyindeterminatebeam

相容方程compatibilityequation

补充方程complementaryequation

中性轴neutralaxis

圆截面circularcrosssection

两端作用扭矩twistedbycouplesattwoends

刚体rigidbody

扭转角twistangle

静力等效staticallyequivalent

相互垂直平面mutuallyperpendicularplanes

通过截面形心throughthecentroidofthecrosssection

一端铰支pinsupportatoneend

一端固定fixedatoneend

弯矩图bendingmomentdiagram

剪力图shearforcediagram

剪力突变abruptchangeinshearforce、

旋转和平移rotationandtranslation

虎克定律hook’slaw

边界条件boundarycondition

初始位置initialposition、

力矩面积法moment-areamethod

绕纵轴转动rotateaboutalongitudinalaxis

横坐标abscissa

扭转刚度torsionalrigidity

拉伸刚度tensilerigidity

剪应力的合力resultantofshearstress

正应力的大小magnitudeofnormalstress

脆性破坏brittlefail

对称平面symmetryplane

刚体的平衡equilibriumofrigidbody

约束力constraintforce

重力gravitationalforce

实际作用力actualforce

三维力系three-dimentionalforcesystem

合力矩resultantmoment

标量方程scalarequation、

矢量方程vectorequation

张量方程tensorequation

汇交力系cocurrentsystemofforces

任意一点anarbitrarypoint

合矢量resultantvector

反作用力reactionforce

反作用力偶reactioncouple

转动约束restrictionagainstrotation

平动约束restrictionagainsttranslation

运动的趋势tendencyofmotion

绕给定轴转动rotateaboutaspecificaxis

沿一个方向运动moveinadirection

控制方程controlequation

共线力collinearforces

平面力系planarforcesystem

一束光abeamoflight

未知反力unknownreactionforces

参考框架frameofreference

大小和方向magnitudeanddirection

几何约束geometricrestriction

刚性连接rigidlyconnected

运动学关系kinematicalrelations

运动的合成superpositionofmovement

固定点fixedpoint

平动的叠加superpositionoftranslation

刚体的角速度angularspeedofarigidbody

质点动力学particledynamics

运动微分方程differentialequationofmotion

工程实际问题practicalengineeringproblems

变化率rateofchange

动量守恒conservationoflinearmomentum

定性的描述qualitativedescription

点线dottedline

划线dashedline

实线solidline

矢量积vectorproduct

点积dotproduct

极惯性矩polarmomentofinertia

角速度angularvelocity

角加速度angularacceleration

infinitesimalamount无穷小量

definiteintegral定积分

acertainintervaloftime某一时间段

kineticenergy动能

conservativeforce保守力

dampingforce阻尼力

coefficientofdamping阻尼系数

freevibration自由振动

periodicdisturbance周期性扰动

viscousforce粘性力

forcedvibration强迫震动

generalsolution通解

particularsolution特解

transientsolution瞬态解

steadystatesolution稳态解

secondorderpartialdifferentialequation二阶偏微分方程

externalforce外力

internalforce内力

stresscomponent应力分量

stateofstress应力状态

coordinateaxes坐标系

conditionsofequilibrium平衡条件

bodyforce体力

continuummechanics连续介质力学

displacementcomponent位移分量

additionalrestrictions附加约束

compatibilityconditions相容条件

mathematicalformulations数学公式

isotropicmaterial各向同性材料

sufficientsmall充分小

stateofstrain应变状态

unitmatrix单位矩阵

dilatationstrain膨胀应变

thefirststraininvariant第一应变不变量

deviatorstresscomponents应力偏量分量

thefirstinvariantofstresstensor应力张量的第一不变量

bulkmodulus体积模量

constitutiverelations本构关系

linearelasticmaterial线弹性材料

mathematicalderivation数学推导

astateofstaticequilibrium静力平衡状态

Newton‘sfirstlawofmotion牛顿第一运动定律

directlyproportionalto与……成正比

stressconcentrationfactor应力集中系数

stateofloading载荷状态

stvenant’principle圣维南原理

uniaxialtension单轴拉伸

cylindricalcoordinates柱坐标

bucklingofcolumns柱的屈曲

criticalvalue临界值

stableequilibrium稳态平衡

unstableequilibriumcondition不稳定平衡条件

criticalload临界载荷

aslendercolumn细长杆

fixedatthelowerend下端固定

freeattheupperend上端自由

criticalbucklingload临界屈曲载荷

potentialenergy势能

fixedatbothends两端固定

hingedatbothends两端铰支

tubularmember管型杆件

transversedimention横向尺寸

stabilityofcolumn柱的稳定

axialforce轴向力

ellipticalhole椭圆孔

planestress平面应力

nominalstress名义应为

principalstressdirections主应力方向

axialcompression轴向压缩

dynamicloading动载荷

dynamicproblem动力学问题

inertiaforce惯性力

resonancevibration谐振

staticstatesofstress静态应力

dynamicresponse动力响应

timeofcontact接触时间

lengthofwave波长

resonancefrequency谐振频率

自由振动freevibration

固有振动naturalvibration

暂态transientstate

环境振动ambientvibration

反共振anti-resonance

衰减attenuation

库仑阻尼Coulombdamping

参量[激励]振动parametricvibration

模糊振动fuzzyvibration

临界转速criticalspeedofrotation

阻尼器damper

半峰宽度half-peakwidth

相平面法phaseplanemethod

相轨迹phasetrajectory

解谐detuning

耗散函数dissipativefunction

硬激励hardexcitation

硬弹簧hardspring,hardeningspring

谐波平衡法harmonicbalancemethod

久期项secularterm

自激振动self-excitedvibration

软弹簧softspring,softeningspring

软激励softexcitation

模态分析modalanalysis

固有模态naturalmodeofvibration

同步synchronization

频谱frequencyspectrum

基频fundamentalfrequency

缓冲器buffer

风激振动aeolianvibration

嗡鸣buzz

倒谱cepstrum

颤动chatter

蛇行hunting

阻抗匹配impedancematching

机械导纳mechanicaladmittance

机械效率mechanicalefficiency

机械阻抗mechanicalimpedance

随机振动stochasticvibration,randomvibration

隔振vibrationisolation

减振vibrationreduction

方位角azimuthalangle

多体系统multibodysystem

静平衡staticbalancing

动平衡dynamicbalancing

静不平衡staticunbalance

动不平衡dynamicunbalance

现场平衡fieldbalancing

不平衡unbalance

不平衡量unbalance

质量守恒conservationofmass

动量守恒conservationofmomentum

能量守恒conservationofenergy

动量方程momentumequation

能量方程energyequation

结构分析structuralanalysis

结构动力学structuraldynamics

拱Arch

三铰拱three-hingedarch

抛物线拱parabolicarch

圆拱circulararch

穹顶Dome

空间结构spacestructure

空间桁架spacetruss

雪载[荷]snowload

风载[荷]windload

土压力earthpressure

地震载荷earthquakeloading

弹簧支座springsupport

支座位移supportdisplacement

支座沉降supportsettlement

超静定次数degreeofindeterminacy

机动分析kinematicanalysis

结点法methodofjoints

截面法methodofsections

结点力jointforces

共轭位移conjugatedisplacement

影响线influenceline

三弯矩方程three-momentequation

单位虚力unitvirtualforce

刚度系数stiffnesscoefficient

柔度系数flexibilitycoefficient

力矩分配momentdistribution

力矩分配法momentdistributionmethod

力矩再分配momentredistribution

分配系数distributionfactor

矩阵位移法matridisplacementmethod

单元刚度矩阵elementstiffnessmatrix

单元应变矩阵elementstrainmatrix

总体坐标globalcoordinates

高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-JordaneliminationMethod

屈曲模态bucklingmode

线弹性断裂力学linearelasticfracturemechanics,LEFM

弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plasticfracturemechanics,EPFM

断裂Fracture

脆性断裂brittlefracture

解理断裂cleavagefracture

蠕变断裂creepfracture

裂纹Crack

裂缝Flaw

缺陷Defect

割缝Slit

微裂纹Microcrack

折裂Kink

椭圆裂纹ellipticalcrack

深埋裂纹embeddedcrack

损伤力学damagemechanics

损伤Damage

连续介质损伤力学continuumdamagemechanics

细观损伤力学microscopicdamagemechanics损伤区damagezone

疲劳Fatigue

低周疲劳lowcyclefatigue

应力疲劳stressfatigue

随机疲劳randomfatigue

蠕变疲劳creepfatigue

腐蚀疲劳corrosionfatigue

疲劳损伤fatiguedamage

疲劳失效fatiguefailure

疲劳断裂fatiguefracture

疲劳裂纹fatiguecrack

疲劳寿命fatiguelife

疲劳破坏fatiguerupture

疲劳强度fatiguestrength

交变载荷alternatingload

交变应力alternatingstress

应力幅值stressamplitude

应变疲劳strainfatigue

应力循环stresscycle

应力比stressratio

安全寿命safelife

过载效应overloadingeffect

循环硬化cyclichardening

循环软化cyclicsoftening

环境效应environmentaleffect

裂纹片crackgage

裂纹扩展crackgrowth,crackPropagation

裂纹萌生crackinitiation

循环比cycleratio

实验应力分析experimentalstressAnalysis

工作[应变]片active[strain]gage

基底材料backingmaterial

应力计stressgage

零[点]飘移zeroshift,zerodrift

应变测量strainmeasurement

应变计straingage

应变指示器strainindicator

应变花strainrosette

应变灵敏度strainsensitivity

机械式应变仪mechanicalstraingage

直角应变花rectangularrosette

引伸仪Extensometer

应变遥测telemeteringofstrain

横向灵敏系数transversegagefactor

横向灵敏度transversese