C语言函数大全F.docx

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C语言函数大全F.docx

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C语言函数大全F.docx

C语言函数大全F

函数名:

fabs

功 能:

返回浮点数的绝对值

用 法:

doublefabs(doublex);

程序例:

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  float number=-1234.0;

  printf("number:

%f absolutevalue:

%f\n",

  number,fabs(number));

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

farcalloc

功 能:

从远堆栈中申请空间

用 法:

voidfar*farcalloc(unsignedlongunits,unsignedlingunitsz);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  charfar*fptr;

  char*str="Hello";

  /*allocatememoryforthefarpointer*/

  fptr=farcalloc(10,sizeof(char));

  /*copy"Hello"intoallocatedmemory*/

  /*

     Note:

movedataisusedbecauseyou

     mightbeinasmalldatamodel,in

     whichcaseanormalstringcopyroutine

     cannotbeusedsinceitassumesthe

     pointersizeisnear.

  */

  movedata(FP_SEG(str),FP_OFF(str),

    FP_SEG(fptr),FP_OFF(fptr),

           strlen(str));

  /*displaystring(notetheFmodifier)*/

  printf("Farstringis:

%Fs\n",fptr);

  /*freethememory*/

  farfree(fptr);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

farcoreleft

功 能:

返回远堆中未作用存储区大小

用 法:

longfarcoreleft(void);

程序例:

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  printf("Thedifferencebetweenthe\

   highestallocatedblockinthe\

          far\n");

  printf("heapandthetopofthefarheap\

          is:

%lubytes\n",farcoreleft());

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

farfree

功 能:

从远堆中释放一块

用 法:

voidfarfree(void);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  charfar*fptr;

  char*str="Hello";

  /*allocatememoryforthefarpointer*/

  fptr=farcalloc(10,sizeof(char));

  /*copy"Hello"intoallocatedmemory*/

  /*

     Note:

movedataisusedbecauseyoumightbeinasmalldatamodel,

     inwhichcaseanormalstringcopyroutinecan'tbeusedsinceit

     assumesthepointersizeisnear.

  */

  movedata(FP_SEG(str),FP_OFF(str),

           FP_SEG(fptr),FP_OFF(fptr),

           strlen(str));

  /*displaystring(notetheFmodifier)*/

  printf("Farstringis:

%Fs\n",fptr);

  /*freethememory*/

  farfree(fptr);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

farmalloc

功 能:

从远堆中分配存储块

用 法:

voidfar*farmalloc(unsignedlongsize);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  charfar*fptr;

  char*str="Hello";

  /*allocatememoryforthefarpointer*/

  fptr=farmalloc(10);

  /*copy"Hello"intoallocatedmemory*/

  /*

     Note:

movedataisusedbecausewemight

     beinasmalldatamodel,inwhichcase

     anormalstringcopyroutinecannotbe

     usedsinceitassumesthepointersize

     isnear.

  */

  movedata(FP_SEG(str),FP_OFF(str),

    FP_SEG(fptr),FP_OFF(fptr),

    strlen(str));

  /*displaystring(notetheFmodifier)*/

  printf("Farstringis:

%Fs\n",fptr);

  /*freethememory*/

  farfree(fptr);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

farrealloc

功 能:

调整远堆中的分配块

用 法:

voidfar*farrealloc(voidfar*block,unsignedlongnewsize);

程序例:

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  charfar*fptr;

  fptr=farmalloc(10);

  printf("Firstaddress:

%Fp\n",fptr);

  fptr=farrealloc(fptr,20);

  printf("Newaddress :

%Fp\n",fptr);

  farfree(fptr);

  return0;

}

 

 

函数名:

fclose

功 能:

关闭一个流

用 法:

intfclose(FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*fp;

  charbuf[11]="0123456789";

  /*createafilecontaining10bytes*/

  fp=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","w");

  fwrite(&buf,strlen(buf),1,fp);

  /*closethefile*/

  fclose(fp);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fcloseall

功 能:

关闭打开流

用 法:

intfcloseall(void);

程序例:

#include

intmain(void)

{

  intstreams_closed;

  /*opentwostreams*/

  fopen("DUMMY.ONE","w");

  fopen("DUMMY.TWO","w");

  /*closetheopenstreams*/

  streams_closed=fcloseall();

  if(streams_closed==EOF)

     /*issueanerrormessage*/

     perror("Error");

  else

     /*printresultoffcloseall()function*/

     printf("%dstreamswereclosed.\n",streams_closed);

  return0;

}

 

 

函数名:

fcvt

功 能:

把一个浮点数转换为字符串

用 法:

char*fcvt(doublevalue,intndigit,int*decpt,int*sign);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  char*string;

  doublevalue;

  intdec,sign;

  intndig=10;

  clrscr();

  value=9.876;

  string=ecvt(value,ndig,&dec,&sign);

  printf("string=%s     dec=%d\

         sign=%d\n",string,dec,sign);

  value=-123.45;

  ndig=15;

  string=ecvt(value,ndig,&dec,&sign);

  printf("string=%sdec=%dsign=%d\n",

         string,dec,sign);

 

  value=0.6789e5;/*scientific

                       notation*/

  ndig=5;

  string=ecvt(value,ndig,&dec,&sign);

  printf("string=%s          dec=%d\

         sign=%d\n",string,dec,sign);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fdopen

功 能:

把流与一个文件句柄相接

用 法:

FILE*fdopen(inthandle,char*type);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  inthandle;

  FILE*stream;

  /*openafile*/

  handle=open("DUMMY.FIL",O_CREAT,

   S_IREAD|S_IWRITE);

  /*nowturnthehandleintoastream*/

  stream=fdopen(handle,"w");

  if(stream==NULL)

     printf("fdopenfailed\n");

  else

  {

     fprintf(stream,"Helloworld\n");

     fclose(stream);

  }

  return0;

}

 

 

函数名:

feof

功 能:

检测流上的文件结束符

用 法:

intfeof(FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*stream;

  /*openafileforreading*/

  stream=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","r");

  /*readacharacterfromthefile*/

  fgetc(stream);

  /*checkforEOF*/

  if(feof(stream))

     printf("Wehavereachedend-of-file\n");

  /*closethefile*/

  fclose(stream);

  return0;

}

 

 

函数名:

ferror

功 能:

检测流上的错误

用 法:

intferror(FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*stream;

  /*openafileforwriting*/

  stream=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","w");

  /*forceanerrorconditionbyattemptingtoread*/

  (void)getc(stream);

  if(ferror(stream)) /*testforanerroronthestream*/

  {

     /*displayanerrormessage*/

     printf("ErrorreadingfromDUMMY.FIL\n");

     /*resettheerrorandEOFindicators*/

     clearerr(stream);

  }

  fclose(stream);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fflush

功 能:

清除一个流

用 法:

intfflush(FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

#include

voidflush(FILE*stream);

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*stream;

  charmsg[]="Thisisatest";

  /*createafile*/

  stream=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","w");

  /*writesomedatatothefile*/

  fwrite(msg,strlen(msg),1,stream);

  clrscr();

  printf("Pressanykeytoflush\

  DUMMY.FIL:

");

  getch();

  /*flushthedatatoDUMMY.FILwithout\

     closingit*/

  flush(stream);

  printf("\nFilewasflushed,Pressanykey\

  toquit:

");

  getch();

  return0;

}

voidflush(FILE*stream)

{

    intduphandle;

    /*flushthestream'sinternalbuffer*/

    fflush(stream);

    /*makeaduplicatefilehandle*/

    duphandle=dup(fileno(stream));

    /*closetheduplicatehandletoflush\

       theDOSbuffer*/

    close(duphandle);

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fgetc

功 能:

从流中读取字符

用 法:

intfgetc(FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*stream;

  charstring[]="Thisisatest";

  charch;

  /*openafileforupdate*/

  stream=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","w+");

  /*writeastringintothefile*/

  fwrite(string,strlen(string),1,stream);

  /*seektothebeginningofthefile*/

  fseek(stream,0,SEEK_SET);

  do

  {

     /*readacharfromthefile*/

     ch=fgetc(stream);

     /*displaythecharacter*/

     putch(ch);

  }while(ch!

=EOF);

  fclose(stream);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fgetchar

功 能:

从流中读取字符

用 法:

intfgetchar(void);

程序例:

#include

intmain(void)

{

  charch;

  /*prompttheuserforinput*/

  printf("Enteracharacterfollowedby\

  :

");

  /*readthecharacterfromstdin*/

  ch=fgetchar();

  /*displaywhatwasread*/

  printf("Thecharacterreadis:

'%c'\n",

         ch);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fgetpos

功 能:

取得当前文件的句柄

用 法:

intfgetpos(FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*stream;

  charstring[]="Thisisatest";

  fpos_tfilepos;

  /*openafileforupdate*/

  stream=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","w+");

  /*writeastringintothefile*/

  fwrite(string,strlen(string),1,stream);

  /*reportthefilepointerposition*/

  fgetpos(stream,&filepos);

  printf("Thefilepointerisatbyte\

         %ld\n",filepos);

  fclose(stream);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

fgets

功 能:

从流中读取一字符串

用 法:

char*fgets(char*string,intn,FILE*stream);

程序例:

#include

#include

intmain(void)

{

  FILE*stream;

  charstring[]="Thisisatest";

  charmsg[20];

  /*openafileforupdate*/

  stream=fopen("DUMMY.FIL","w+");

  /*writeastringintothefile*/

  fwrite(string,strlen(string),1,stream);

  /*seektothestartofthefile*/

  fseek(stream,0,SEEK_SET);

  /*readastringfromthefile*/

  fgets(msg,strlen(string)+1,stream);

  /*displaythestring*/

  printf("%s",msg);

  fclose(stream);

  return0;

}

 

 

 

函数名:

filelength

功 能:

取文件长度字节数

用 法:

longfilelength(inthandle);

程序例:

#include

#include

#include

#i

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