国际经济学专业词汇中英文对照.docx
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国际经济学专业词汇中英文对照
国际经济学专业词汇(中英文对照)
1.绪论
国际收支的调节:
(adjustmentinbalanceofpayments)
反全球化运动:
(antiglobalizationmovement)
国际收支:
(balanceofpayments)
外汇市场:
(foreignexchangemarkrt)
全球化:
(globalization)
贸易引力模型:
(gravitymodel)
相互依存:
(interdependence)
国际金融:
(internationalfinance)
国际贸易政策:
(internationaltradepolicy)
国际贸易理论:
(internationaltradetheory)
宏观经济学:
(macroeconomics)
微观经济学:
(microeconomics)
开发经济宏观经济学:
(open-economymacroeconomics)
2.比较优势原理
绝对优势:
(absoluteadvantage)
贸易基础:
(basisfortrade)
完全专业化:
(completespecialization)
固定机会成本:
(constantopportunitycost)
贸易所得:
(gainsfromtrade)
劳动价值论:
(labortheoryofvalue)
自由放任:
(laissez-faire)
比较优势原理:
(lawofcomparativeadvantage)
重商主义:
(mercantilism)
小国情况:
(small-countrycase)
相对商品价格:
(relativecommandityprices)
生产可能性曲线:
(productionpossibilityfrontier)
贸易模式:
(patternoftrade)
机会成本理论:
(opportunitycosttheory)
3.国际贸易标准理论
自给自足:
(autarky)
社会无差异曲线:
(communityindiffernncecurve)
去工业化:
(deindustrialization)
孤立均衡相对价格:
(equilibrium-relativecommoditypriceinisolation)
贸易均衡相对价格:
(equilibrium-relativecommoditypricewithtrade)
交易所得:
(gainsfromexchange)
专业化所得:
(gainsfromspecialization)
不完全专业化:
(incompletespecialization)
机会成本递增:
(increasingopportunitycosts)
边际替代率:
(marginalrateofsnbstitution,MRS)
边际转化率:
(marginalrateoftransformation,MRT)
4.需求、供给、提供曲线与贸易条件
商品或易货贸易条件:
(commodityornetbartertermsoftrade)
一般均衡模型:
(generalequilibriummodel)
相互需求法则:
(lawofreciprocaldemand)
提供曲线:
(offercurves)
相互需求曲线:
(reciprocaldemandcurves)
贸易条件:
(termsoftrade)
贸易无差异曲线:
(tradeindifferencecurve)
5.要素禀赋与赫克歇尔-俄林理论
资本密集型商品:
(capital-intensivecommodity)
资本/劳动比率:
(capital-laborratio)
柯布-道格拉斯生产函数:
(Cobb-DouglasPorduction)
固定替代弹性生产函数:
(constantelasticityofsubstitution(CES)production)
规模报酬不变:
(constantreturnstoscale)
派生需求:
(deriveddemand)
替代弹性:
(elasticityofsubstitution)
尤拉定理:
(Euler’stheorem)
要素充裕度:
(factorabundance)
要素密集度颠倒:
(factor-intensityreversal)
要素价格均等定理:
(factor-priceequalization(H-O-S)
Theorem)
要素禀赋理论:
(factor-proporitionsorfactor-endowmenttheory)
赫克歇尔-俄林定理:
(Hechscher-Ohlin(H-O)theorem)
赫克歇尔-俄林理论:
(Hechscher-Ohlin(H-O)theory)
人力资本:
(humancapital)
进口替代品:
(importsubstitutes)
投入产出表:
(input-outputtable)
国内要素流动:
(internalfactormobility)
国际要素流动:
(internationalfactormobility)
劳动资本比率:
(labor-capitalratio)
劳动密集型商品:
(labor-intensivecommodity)
里昂惕夫之谜:
(leontiefparadox)
完全竞争:
(perfectcompetition)
相对要素价格:
(relative-factorprices)
特定要素模型:
(specific-factormodel)
6.规模经济、不完全竞争与国际贸易
差别产品:
(differertiatedproducts)
动态外部经济:
(dynamicexternaleconomies)
环保标准:
(environmentstandards)
外部经济:
(externaleconomics)
流动性产业:
(footlooseindustries)
一般均衡分析:
(generalequilibriumanalysis)
规模报酬递增:
(increasingreturnstoscale)
幼稚产业观点:
(infantindustryarguement)
国际规模经济:
(internationaleconomicsofscale)
产业内贸易指数:
(intra-industrytradeindex)
学习曲线:
(learningcurve)
市场定向型企业:
(market-orientedindustries)
垄断竞争:
(monopolisticcompetition)
非贸易商品与服务:
(montradedgoodsandservices)
离岸外包:
(offshoring)
寡头垄断:
(oligopoly)
外包:
(outsourcing)
局部均衡分析:
(particalequilibriumanalysis)
产品生命周期模型:
(productcyclemodel)
资源定向型企业:
(resource-orientedindustries)
技术差距模型:
(technologicalgapmodel)
运输成本或物流成本:
(transportorlogisticscosts)
7.经济增长与国际贸易
反贸易的生产和消费:
(antitradeproductionandconsumption)
平衡增长:
(balancedgrowth)
资本节约型技术进步:
(capital-savingtechnicalprogress)
比较静态:
(comparativestatics)
动态分析:
(dynamicanalysis)
不幸的增长:
(immiserizygrowth)
劣等品:
(inferiorgoods)
劳动节约型技术进步:
(labor-savingtechnicalprogress)
中性的生产和消费:
(neutralproduction)
中性技术进步:
(neutraltechnicalprogress)
正常品:
(normalgoods)
产生贸易的生产和消费:
(protradeproductionandconsumption)
雷布津斯基理论:
(Rybczynskitheorem)
贸易条件效应:
(terms-of-tradeeffect)
福利效应:
(wealtheffect)
8.贸易壁垒:
关税
从价关税:
(advaloremtariff)
混合关税:
(compoundtariff)
消费者剩余:
(consumersurplus)
关税消费效应:
(consumptioneffectofatariff)
国内增加值:
(domesticvalueadded)
出口关税:
(exporttariff)
进口关税:
(importtariff)
梅茨勒悖论:
(Metzlerparadox)
名义关税:
(nominaltariff)
最优关税:
(optimumtariff)
关税生产效应:
(productioneffectofatariff)
关税保护成本或称重负损失:
(protectioncostordeadweightlossofatariff)
禁止性关税:
(prohibitivetariff)
有效保护率:
(rateofeffectiveprotection)
租金或生产者剩余:
(rentorproducersurplus)
关税收入效应:
(revenueeffectofatariff)
从量关税:
(specifictariff)
斯托尔帕-塞缪尔森定理:
(Stolper-Samuelsontheorem)
关税贸易效应:
(tradeorcommercialpolicies)
贸易或商业政策:
(tradeorcommercialpolicies)
9.非关税贸易壁垒和新保护主义
双边贸易:
(bilateraltrade)
集中化的卡特尔:
(centralizedcartel)
反补贴税:
(countervailingduties,CVSs)
倾销:
(dumping)
豁免条款:
(escapeclause)
进出口银行:
(export-importbank)
出口补贴:
(exportsubsides)
外国销售公司:
(Foerignsalescorporations,FSC)
博弈理论:
(gametheory)
产业政策:
(industrialpolicy)
幼稚产业观点:
(infront-industryarguement)
国际卡特尔:
(internationalcartel)
最惠国原则:
(most-favored-nationprinciple)
多边贸易谈判:
(multilateraltradenegotiations)
国家安全条款:
(nationalsecurityclause)
新保护主义:
(newprotectionism)
非关税贸易壁垒:
(nontarifftradebarriers,NTBs)
危险点条款:
(peril-pointprovisions)
持续性倾销:
(persistentdumping)
掠夺性倾销:
(predatorydumping)
配额:
(quota)
科学关税:
(scientifictariff)
偶然性倾销:
(sporadicdumping)
战略性贸易政策:
(strategictradepolicy)
技术的、行政的和其他法规:
(technical,administrativeandotherregulations)
触发价格机制:
(trigger-pricemechanism)
贸易调整援助:
(TradeAdjustmentAssistance,TAA)
贸易保护授权:
(tradepromotionauthorityorfasttrack)
自动出口限制:
(VoluntaryExportRestraints,VERS)
10.经济一体化:
关税同盟和自由贸易区
双边协议:
(bilateralagreements)
大量采购:
(bulkpurchasing)
中央计划经济:
(centrallyplannedeconomies)
共同市场:
(commonmarket)
关税同盟:
(customsunion)
免税区或自由经济区:
(duty-freezonesorfreeeconomiczones)
经济一体化:
(economicintegration)
经济同盟:
(economicunion)
自贸区:
(freetradearea)
特惠贸易协定:
(preferentialtradearrangements)
国家贸易公司:
(statetradingcompanies)
关税工厂:
(tarifffactories)
次优理论:
(theoryofthesecondbest)
贸易创造关税同盟:
(trade-creationcustomunion)
贸易偏差:
(tradedeflection)
贸易转移关税同盟:
(trade-diversioncustomsunion)
可变进口税额:
(variableimportlevies)
11.国际贸易与经济发展
缓冲库存储备:
(bufferstocks)
商品或纯物物交换贸易条件:
(commodityornetbartertermsoftrade)
双边要素贸易条件:
(doublefactoraltermsoftrade)
内生性增长理论:
(ecdogenousgroeththeory)
增长动力:
(engineofgrowth)
出口管制:
(exportcontrols)
出口波动:
(exportinstability)
出口导向工业化:
(export-orientedindustrialization)
出口悲观论:
(exportpessinism)
外债:
(foreigndebt)
进口代替工业化:
(import-substitutionindustrialization,ISI)
贸易收入条件:
(incometermsoftrade)
国际商品协定:
(internationalcommodity)
市场委员会:
(marketingboards)
国际经济新秩序:
(NewInternationalEconomicOrder,NIEO)
新兴工业化国家:
(NewlyIndustrializedEconomies,NIEs)
购货合约:
(purchasecontract)
新定居区:
(regionsofrecentsettlement)
单边要素贸易条件:
(singlefactoraltermsoftrade)
剩余出口:
(ventforsurplus)
12.国际资源流动与跨国公司
脑力流失:
(braindrain)
直接投资:
(directinvestments)
横向一体化:
(horizontalintegration)
跨国公司:
(multinational)
组合投资:
(portfolioinvestments)
资产组合理论:
(portfoliotheory)
风险分散化:
(riskdiversification)
转移定价:
(transferpricing)
纵向一体化:
(verticalintegration)
13.国际收支平衡表
调节性交易:
(acconnmoustransactions)
自主性交易:
(autonomoustransactions)
国际收支平衡表:
(balanceoftransactions)
资本项目:
(capitalaccount)
贷方交易:
(credittransactions)
经常项目:
(currentaccount)
借方交易:
(debittransactions)
国际收支中的逆差:
(deficitinthebalanceofpayments)
复式薄记:
(double-entrybookkeeping)
金融项目:
(financialaccount)
金融性资本流入:
(financialinflows)
金融性资本流出:
(financialoutflows)
国际投资头寸:
(internationalinvestmentposition)
官方结算余额:
(officialsettlementsbalance)
官方储备账户:
(officialreserveaccount)
统计误差:
(statisticaldiscrepancy)
国际收支中的盈余:
(surplusinthebalanceofpatments)
单方面转移支付:
(unilateraltransfers)
14.外汇市场与汇率
升值:
(appreciation)
套利:
(arbitrage)
套利交易:
(carrytrade)
抛补套利利润率:
(coveredinterestarbitragemargin,CIAM)
抛补套利平价:
(coveredinterestarbitrageparity,CIAP)
交叉汇率:
(cross-exchangerate)
贬值:
(depreciation)
不稳定性投机:
(destabilizingspeculation)
有效汇率:
(effecitiveexchangerate)
外汇市场有效性:
(efficiencyofforeignexchangemarkets)
外汇期货:
(foreignexchangefutures)
外汇市场:
(foreignexchangemarket)
外汇期权:
(foreignexchangeoption)
外汇风险:
(foreignexchangerisk)
远期贴水:
(forwarddiscount)
远期升水:
(forwardpremium)
远期汇率:
(forwardrate)
套期保值:
(hedging)
套利:
(interestarbitrage)
离岸存款:
(offshoredeposits)
铸造利差:
(seignorage)
投机:
(speculation)
即期汇率:
(spotrate)
稳定性投机:
(stabilizingspeculation)
无抛补套利:
(uncoveredinterestarbitrage)
国际支付货币:
(vehiclecurrency)
15.汇率决定
绝对购买力平价理论:
(absolutepurchasing-powerparitytheory)
巴拉萨-萨缪尔森效应:
(Balassa-Samuelsoneffect)
货币需求:
(demandformoney)
汇率超调理论:
(exchangerateovershooting)
预期的即期汇率变化:
(expectedchangeinthespotrate)
一价法则:
(lawofoneprice)
国际收支的货币分析法:
(monetaryapproachtothebalanceofpayments)
基础货币:
(monetarybase)
资产组合平衡法:
(portfoliobalanceapproach)
实际汇率:
(realexchangerate)
相对购买力平价理论:
(relativepurchasing-powerparitytheory)
风险溢价:
(riskpremium,RP)
货币供给:
(supplyofmoney)
16.汇率调节机制
贬值:
(devaluation)
荷兰病:
(Dutchdisease)
弹性悲观主义:
(elasticitypessimism)
黄金输入点:
(goldexportpoint)
黄金输出点:
(goldimportpoint)
金本位制:
(goldstandard)
识别问题:
(identificationproblem)
J曲线效应:
(J-curveeffect)
铸币评价:
(mintparity)
传递:
(paee-through)
价格黄金流动机制:
(price-specie-flowmechanism)
货币数量论:
(quantitytheoryofmoney)
金本位制的博弈原则:
(rulesofthegameofthegoldstandard)
稳定的外汇市场:
(stableforeignexchangemarket)
贸易或弹性方法:
(tradeorelasticityapproach)
不稳定外汇市场:
(unstableforeignexchangemarket)
17.收入调节机制与自动调节
吸收法:
(absorptionapproach)
平均进口倾向:
(averagepropensitytoimport,APM)
封闭经济:
(closedeconomy)
消费函数:
(consumptionfunction)
预期或计划的投资:
(desiredorplannedinvestment)
均衡国民收入水平:
(equilibriumlevelofnationalincome)
出口函数:
(exportfunction)
国外反馈效应:
(foreignrepercussion)
对外贸易乘数:
(foreigntrademultiplier)
进口函数:
(importfunction)
进口收入需求弹性:
(incomeelasticityofdemandforimport)
投资函数:
(investmentfunction)
边际消费倾向:
(marginalpropensitytoconsume,MPC)
边际储蓄倾向:
(marginalpropensitytosave,MPS)
边际进口倾向:
(marginalpropensitytoimport,MPM)
储蓄函数:
(savingfunction)
自动调节的综合:
(synthesisofautomaticadjustments)
18.宏观经济调控
BP曲线:
(BPcurve)
直接控制:
(directcontrol)
外汇控制:
(exchangecontrols)
支出-改变政策:
(expenditure-changingpolicies)
支出-转换政策:
(expenditure-switchingpolicies