Book5 unit2 语法过去分词作宾补用法归纳.docx
《Book5 unit2 语法过去分词作宾补用法归纳.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Book5 unit2 语法过去分词作宾补用法归纳.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Book5unit2语法过去分词作宾补用法归纳
过去分词作宾补用法归纳
英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。
做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
如：
Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.（宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。
）
一．过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
E.g:
Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.
Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.（谚语：
少说多看）
Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.
Don'tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.
二．过去分词用在get,have,make的后面。
1.注意“have+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：
havesb./sth.done
A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"
eg:
Ihavehadmybikerepaired.
Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.就在那时，村民叫人种了许多树。
B）表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受..... 损失"
eg:
Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.
Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday. （MET1986）
2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。
如：
TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.
他们用了很简单的英语来设法使自己被理解。
Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。
如
Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.
Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.
Hefelthimselfcheated.
Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.
过去分词与不定式,现在分词作感官动词宾补的区别:
过去分词表被动关系；不定式强调动作发生的全过程；现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。
Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.
Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.
Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.
四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。
相当于过去分词短语前省略了tobe，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”
Thebosswouldn'tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.
Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.我想要照他自己的尺寸做这套衣服。
Iwishtheseletters（tobe）typedassoonaspossible.
五、过去分词用在“with+宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系（被动关系）。
Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.
Withmanybrightly-coloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.
Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.
with+n./pron.+p.p结构中，不定式，现在分词和过去分词做宾补的区别：
不定式表示动作未发生；现在分词表示宾语与宾补之间是主动关系；过去分词表被动
Withtheworkfinished,theywenttotheseasideforaholiday.
Withsomanycarscomingandgoinginthestreet,thetrafficisverybusy.
Withsomuchworktodo,heonlystayedintheoffice.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补：
宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。
其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补：
宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。
其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补：
表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
E.g:
Hedidn'tnoticemewaiting.（正在等）
IheardthesongsunginEnglish.（歌曲被唱）
Isawhimopeningthewindow.
Isawthewindowopened.
Isawhimopenthewindow.
IheardhersingthesonginEnglish.
过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的（短语）动词有：
1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。
如：
I watched the desk carried out of the classroom. The man found his hometown entirely destroyed. 2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。
如：
My mother has her hair cut every two months. We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock. The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood. 3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。
如：
All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting. The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible. 【拓展】
★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。
如：
With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful. ★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：
动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语，宾语是其动作的执行者。
动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性，不定式强调动作的全过程。
过去分词作宾语补足语，通常宾语是其动作的承受者，多强调动作的完成。
如：
Did you hear someone singing a French song just now?
（someone与singing之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，singing表示的动作正在发生。
）
Did you hear someone sing a French song just now?
（someone与sing之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，sing强调动作全过程。
）
Did you hear a French song sung by someone just now?
（sung与a French song之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，sung所表示的动作已完成。
） 【即学即练】用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. Jack had the letter ________ （post） very soon.
2. Listen!
Do you hear someone ________ （shout） to Tom?
3. You should make your opinion ________ （know）.
4. Frank found his wallet ________ （lose） when he got home.
5. You shouldn’t leave the water ________ （run） when you are washing your hands.
1
过去分词作宾语补足语专题训练
人教版必修5 Unit 2课文中过去分词作宾语补足语经典范例：
Text 1
1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales ___________ as well. （include）
2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland ___________ in the same peaceful way. （connect） Text 2
1. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels________special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.（guard） 2. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo _______ standing on either side of the line.（take）
过去分词作宾语补足语基本结构：
see/hear/find/feel/have/make/keep/get/want/wish/would/like/with等 + sth（通常是物）+ V-ed（动词过去分词）
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I'd like to see the plan ________ （carry） out.
2. At that moment, I saw him _________ （cross） the road. 3. I was glad to see the children well _______ （take） care of.
4. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _____ （speak） as much as we can. 5. She raised her voice to make herself ________ （hear） by all the people in the hall. 6. I was surprised to find my hometown _________ （change） so much. 7. He got his tooth _________ （pull） out yesterday.
8. I heard an English song ________ （sing） by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday. 9. It's wrong of you to leave the machine _________ （run） all the time. 10. While walking along the street, I heard my name ________ （call）.
11. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ （lose） for words.
12. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ （remind） of his own dreams.
13. Claire had her luggage _________ （check） an hour before her plane left.
14. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _________ （amuse） with her stories.
15. Alexander tried to get his work __________ （recognize） in the medical circles. 16. I'm glad to see that you had your moustache ________ （shave） off. 17. I got the story ________ （write） in French. Mr. White did it. 18. Our manager left the problem _________ （unsettle）.
19. Please keep us _________ （inform） of the latest situation. 20. He had the boy _________ （throw） out the rubbish.
21. The fertilizers will make the vegetables __________ （grow） big and strong. 22. As a guard you should not let strangers ________ （enter） the gym.
23. The peasants were often made __________ （work） from morning till night. 24. The chemistry teacher let me ________ （enter ） for the chemistry competition.
25. We will send a guard _________ （guard） your school. He 's been stationed at the gate. 26. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn't make his words _________ （understand）. 27. The scientists were waiting to see the problem _________ （settle）. 28. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself _________ （inform） about what's going on in the world.
29. She fell down and broke three of her teeth. She wonders how many times she has to come here and gets her false teeth _________ （fix）.
30. Mother had me ________ （go） to the shop and buy some salt. 31. It's about time that we got the kitchen _________ （repaint）.
32. He made it ___________ （know） that he would not be running for re-election. 33. With his homework __________ （finish）, he went out to play football. 34. I heard my name ____________ （ call）.
35. We found the eggs____________（ eat） by the snake. 36. I had my left arm___________（break） yesterday.
二．过去分词作宾语补足语选择练习（注意：
有部分题目为对比题，请认真比对！
） 1. I don’t want the children ____ out in such weather.
A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking 2. I don’t want ____ the children out in such weather.
A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking
3. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished 4. Helen had to shout ______ above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard
5. Helen had to shout ______ above the sound of the music. A. making others hear B. to make others hear C. making others heard D. to make others heard
6. Can you have the washing-machine______to my house?
A. send B. to send C. sent D. sending
7. Can you have someone ______ the washing-machine to my house?
A. send B. to send C. sent D. sending
8.She wants her paintings ______ in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed
9.She wants ______her paintings in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed 10. It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.
A. put away B. putting away C. putted away D. to put away 11. It is wise to ____some money for old age.
A. put away B. putting away C. putted away D. to put away 12. I’m afraid that I can’t make myself ____ because of my poor English.
A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 13. I’m afraid that I can’t make the foreigners ____ me because of my poor English.
A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 14. Mother didn’t leave until she saw her child ____ the street and ____ the school gate. A. crossing; entering B. crossing; enter C. cross; entering D. cross; enter
15. We should keep them ________ of what is going on here, so we must keep in touch with them.. informing B. informed C. to inform D. being informed 16. The manager asked me whether I knew the man with his hair ____
升级会员 