鲁滨逊历险记Robinsoon Crusoe.docx

鲁滨逊历险记Robinsoon Crusoe.docx

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鲁滨逊历险记RobinsoonCrusoe

RobinsonCrusoe

ByDanielDefoe

Chapter1:

StartinLife

Iwasbornintheyear1632,inthecityofYork,ofagoodfamily,thoughnotofthatcountry,myfatherbeingaforeignerofBremen,whosettledfirstatHull.Hegotagoodestatebymerchandise,andleavingoffhistrade,livedafterwardsatYork,fromwhencehehadmarriedmymother,whoserelationswerenamedRobinson,averygoodfamilyinthatcountry,andfromwhomIwascalledRobinsonKreutznaer;but,bytheusualcorruptionofwordsinEngland,wearenowcalled-naywecallourselvesandwriteourname-Crusoe;andsomycompanionsalwayscalledme.

Ihadtwoelderbrothers,oneofwhomwaslieutenant-coloneltoanEnglishregimentoffootinFlanders,formerlycommandedbythefamousColonelLockhart,andwaskilledatthebattlenearDunkirkagainsttheSpaniards.WhatbecameofmysecondbrotherIneverknew,anymorethanmyfatherormotherknewwhatbecameofme.

Beingthethirdsonofthefamilyandnotbredtoanytrade,myheadbegantobefilledveryearlywithramblingthoughts.Myfather,whowasveryancient,hadgivenmeacompetentshareoflearning,asfarashouse-educationandacountryfreeschoolgenerallygo,anddesignedmeforthelaw;butIwouldbesatisfiedwithnothingbutgoingtosea;andmyinclinationtothisledmesostronglyagainstthewill,nay,thecommandsofmyfather,andagainstalltheentreatiesandpersuasionsofmymotherandotherfriends,thatthereseemedtobesomethingfatalinthatpropensityofnature,tendingdirectlytothelifeofmiserywhichwastobefallme.

Myfather,awiseandgraveman,gavemeseriousandexcellentcounselagainstwhatheforesawwasmydesign.Hecalledmeonemorningintohischamber,wherehewasconfinedbythegout,andexpostulatedverywarmlywithmeuponthissubject.Heaskedmewhatreasons,morethanamerewanderinginclination,Ihadforleavingfather'shouseandmynativecountry,whereImightbewellintroduced,andhadaprospectofraisingmyfortunebyapplicationandindustry,withalifeofeaseandpleasure.Hetoldmeitwasmenofdesperatefortunesononehand,orofaspiring,superiorfortunesontheother,whowentabroaduponadventures,torisebyenterprise,andmakethemselvesfamousinundertakingsofanatureoutofthecommonroad;thatthesethingswerealleithertoofarabovemeortoofarbelowme;thatminewasthemiddlestate,orwhatmightbecalledtheupperstationoflowlife,whichhehadfound,bylongexperience,wasthebeststateintheworld,themostsuitedtohumanhappiness,notexposedtothemiseriesandhardships,thelabourandsufferingsofthemechanicpartofmankind,andnotembarrassedwiththepride,luxury,ambition,andenvyoftheupperpartofmankind.HetoldmeImightjudgeofthehappinessofthisstatebythisonething-viz.thatthiswasthestateoflifewhichallotherpeopleenvied;thatkingshavefrequentlylamentedthemiserableconsequenceofbeingborntogreatthings,andwishedtheyhadbeenplacedinthemiddleofthetwoextremes,betweenthemeanandthegreat;thatthewisemangavehistestimonytothis,asthestandardoffelicity,whenheprayedtohaveneitherpovertynorriches.

Hebademeobserveit,andIshouldalwaysfindthatthecalamitiesoflifeweresharedamongtheupperandlowerpartofmankind,butthatthemiddlestationhadthefewestdisasters,andwasnotexposedtosomanyvicissitudesasthehigherorlowerpartofmankind;nay,theywerenotsubjectedtosomanydistempersanduneasinesses,eitherofbodyormind,asthosewerewho,byviciousliving,luxury,andextravagancesontheonehand,orbyhardlabour,wantofnecessaries,andmeanorinsufficientdietontheotherhand,bringdistemperuponthemselvesbythenaturalconsequencesoftheirwayofliving;thatthemiddlestationoflifewascalculatedforallkindofvirtueandallkindofenjoyments;thatpeaceandplentywerethehandmaidsofamiddlefortune;thattemperance,moderation,quietness,health,society,allagreeablediversions,andalldesirablepleasures,weretheblessingsattendingthemiddlestationoflife;thatthiswaymenwentsilentlyandsmoothlythroughtheworld,andcomfortablyoutofit,notembarrassedwiththelaboursofthehandsorofthehead,notsoldtoalifeofslaveryfordailybread,norharassedwithperplexedcircumstances,whichrobthesoulofpeaceandthebodyofrest,norenragedwiththepassionofenvy,orthesecretburninglustofambitionforgreatthings;but,ineasycircumstances,slidinggentlythroughtheworld,andsensiblytastingthesweetsofliving,withoutthebitter;feelingthattheyarehappy,andlearningbyeveryday'sexperiencetoknowitmoresensibly,

Afterthishepressedmeearnestly,andinthemostaffectionatemanner,nottoplaytheyoungman,nortoprecipitatemyselfintomiserieswhichnature,andthestationoflifeIwasbornin,seemedtohaveprovidedagainst;thatIwasundernonecessityofseekingmybread;thathewoulddowellforme,andendeavourtoentermefairlyintothestationoflifewhichhehadjustbeenrecommendingtome;andthatifIwasnotveryeasyandhappyintheworld,itmustbemymerefateorfaultthatmusthinderit;andthatheshouldhavenothingtoanswerfor,havingthusdischargedhisdutyinwarningmeagainstmeasureswhichheknewwouldbetomyhurt;inaword,thatashewoulddoverykindthingsformeifIwouldstayandsettleathomeashedirected,sohewouldnothavesomuchhandinmymisfortunesastogivemeanyencouragementtogoaway;andtocloseall,hetoldmeIhadmyelderbrotherforanexample,towhomhehadusedthesameearnestpersuasionstokeephimfromgoingintotheLowCountrywars,butcouldnotprevail,hisyoungdesirespromptinghimtorunintothearmy,wherehewaskilled;andthoughhesaidhewouldnotceasetoprayforme,yethewouldventuretosaytome,thatifIdidtakethisfoolishstep,Godwouldnotblessme,andIshouldhaveleisurehereaftertoreflectuponhavingneglectedhiscounselwhentheremightbenonetoassistinmyrecovery.

Iobservedinthislastpartofhisdiscourse,whichwastrulyprophetic,thoughIsupposemyfatherdidnotknowittobesohimself-Isay,Iobservedthetearsrundownhisfaceveryplentifully,especiallywhenhespokeofmybrotherwhowaskilled:

andthatwhenhespokeofmyhavingleisuretorepent,andnonetoassistme,hewassomovedthathebrokeoffthediscourse,andtoldmehisheartwassofullhecouldsaynomoretome.

Iwassincerelyaffectedwiththisdiscourse,and,indeed,whocouldbeotherwise?

andIresolvednottothinkofgoingabroadanymore,buttosettleathomeaccordingtomyfather'sdesire.Butalas!

afewdaysworeitalloff;and,inshort,topreventanyofmyfather'sfurtherimportunities,inafewweeksafterIresolvedtorunquiteawayfromhim.However,Ididnotactquitesohastilyasthefirstheatofmyresolutionprompted;butItookmymotheratatimewhenIthoughtheralittlemorepleasantthanordinary,andtoldherthatmythoughtsweresoentirelybentuponseeingtheworldthatIshouldneversettletoanythingwithresolutionenoughtogothroughwithit,andmyfatherhadbettergivemehisconsentthanforcemetogowithoutit;thatIwasnoweighteenyearsold,whichwastoolatetogoapprenticetoatradeorclerktoanattorney;thatIwassureifIdidIshouldneverserveoutmytime,butIshouldcertainlyrunawayfrommymasterbeforemytimewasout,andgotosea;andifshewouldspeaktomyfathertoletmegoonevoyageabroad,ifIcamehomeagain,anddidnotlikeit,Iwouldgonomore;andIwouldpromise,byadoublediligence,torecoverthetimethatIhadlost.

Thisputmymotherintoagreatpassion;shetoldmesheknewitwouldbetonopurposetospeaktomyfatheruponanysuchsubject;thatheknewtoowellwhatwasmyinteresttogivehisconsenttoanythingsomuchformyhurt;andthatshewonderedhowIcouldthinkofanysuchthingafterthediscourseIhadhadwithmyfather,andsuchkindandtenderexpressionsassheknewmyfatherhadusedtome;andthat,inshort,ifIwouldruinmyself,therewasnohelpforme;butImightdependIshouldneverhavetheirconsenttoit;thatforherpartshewouldnothavesomuchhandinmydestruction;andIshouldneverhaveittosaythatmymotherwaswillingwhenmyfatherwasnot.

Thoughmymotherrefusedtomoveittomyfather,yetIheardafterwardsthatshereportedallthediscoursetohim,andthatmyfather,aftershowingagreatconcernatit,saidtoher,withasigh,"Thatboymightbehappyifhewouldstayathome;butifhegoesabroad,hewillbethemostmiserablewretchthateverwasborn:

Icangivenoconsenttoit."

ItwasnottillalmostayearafterthisthatIbrokeloose,though,inthemeantime,Icontinuedobstinatelydeaftoallproposalsofsettlingtobusiness,andfrequentlyexpostulatedwithmyfatherandmotherabouttheirbeingsopositivelydeterminedagainstwhattheyknewmyinclinationspromptedmeto.ButbeingonedayatHull,whereIwentcasually,andwithoutanypurposeofmakinganelopementatthattime;but,Isay,beingthere,andoneofmycompanionsbeingabouttosailtoLondoninhisfather'sship,andpromptingmetogowiththemwiththecommonallurementofseafaringmen,thatitshouldcostmenothingformypassage,Iconsultedneitherfathernormotheranymore,norsomuchassentthemwordofit;butleavingthemtohearofitastheymight,withoutaskingGod'sblessingormyfather's,withoutanyconsiderationofcircumstancesorconsequences,andinanillhour,Godknows,onthe1stofSeptember1651,IwentonboardashipboundforLondon.