中考复习八年级下册8单元知识点汇总及测试附答案 牛津版.docx
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中考复习八年级下册8单元知识点汇总及测试附答案牛津版
2019年中考复习八年级下册8单元知识点汇总及测试附答案(牛津版)
8BUnit8Agreenworld
单元重点知识点总览
1.Wecanreduceairpollutionbyridingbicycles.我们可以通过骑自行车减少污染。
reduce及物动词,“减少”。
如:
Givingupsmokingreducestheriskofheartdisease.
戒烟会减少得心脏病的风险。
2.Wecansavewaterbytakingshortershowers.我们可以通过洗更短的淋雨节省水。
save动词,“节约,节省”,savewater“节约用水”。
如:
It’snecessaryforustosavewater.
节约用水对我们来说很有必要。
3.Mydadusedtodrivemetoschool,butnowwetaketheunderground.我的爸爸过去常常开车送我去上学,但现在我们乘地铁。
(1)usedto表示“过去常常”,后接动词原形构成usedtodosth“过去常常做某事”。
Heusedtodrink.他过去经常喝酒。
(2)beusedtodoingsth“习惯于做某事”。
如:
Theoldmanisusedtolivingalone.这位老人习惯于一个人生活。
【拓展】beusedto后面也可接动词原形,即beusedtodosth,表示“被用于做某事”,是一种被动结构,相当于beusedfordoingsth。
如:
Thematerialisusedtomakeaplane.这材料是用于制造飞机的。
5.Moreandmorefamiliesowncarsandthiscausesseriousairpollution.越来越多的家庭拥有汽车,这导致严重的空气污染。
(1)cause使(某事)发生,引起
Thisdiseasecancauseblindness.
这种疾病可能会导致眼睛变盲。
(2)moreandmore越来越
Atpresent,moreandmorepeopleareusingcomputers
现在,越来越多的人使用电脑。
6.Itisbeautiful,andweshouldtrytokeepitthatway.它很漂亮,我们应尽力使它保持那样。
trytodosth“设法做”,表示尽力去做,不管是否成功。
【拓展】trydoingsth“试一试”,表示试着去做。
7.Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntree.例如,不允许我们砍树。
(1)forexample例如
(2)allow动词,意为“允许”,常用于allowsb.todosth结构,意为“允许某人做某事”。
Myparentswouldn’tallowmetogototheparty.
我父母不会让我去参加聚会。
8.Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.我们依靠它(大自然)丰富的资源生活,因此明智地保护它对我们来说是重要的。
dependon依靠,依赖
Hewilldependontheirparentsforalongtime.
他将依靠他的父母太长的时间。
语法:
一般将来时的被动语态
一般将来时的被动语态有两种构成形式:
1、will+bedone表示“将会被……”。
其否定式是在will后面加not,疑问句式是将will提至主语前。
主动句:
OurcollegewillsendhertoOxfordUniversity.
被动句:
ShewillbesenttoOxfordUniversitybyourcollege.
否定句:
ShewillnotbesenttoOxfordUniversitybyourcollege.
疑问句:
--WillshebesenttoOxfordUniversitybyourcollege?
--Yes,shewill./No,shewillnot.
2.begoingto+bedone表示“准备被……,打算被……”。
其否定形式是在begoingto中的be后加not,疑问句式是将be提至主语前。
主动句:
Theyaregoingtoinviteyoutotheparty.
被动句:
Youaregoingtobeinvitedtothepartybythem.
否定句:
Youarenotgoingtobeinvitedtothepartybythem.
疑问句:
--Areyougoingtobeinvitedtothepartybythem?
--Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.
单元重点短语归纳
1.turnoff关上(开关)
2.dependon/upon依靠,取决于
3.makeadifference有影响,起作用
4.cutdown砍倒
5.runout用完,耗尽
6.inplace在正确位置
7.begoodfor对……有好处
8.airpollution空气污染
9.takeshowers淋浴
10.keepitthatway保持那个样子
11.beseparatedinto被分成
12.throw…into…把……扔进……
13.befilledwith充满
14.cleanup清扫干净
15.inplace在正确的位置
句型归纳
1.beseriousaboutsth对某事是认真的
2.allow(doing)sth允许(做)某事
3.allowsb.todosth允许某人做某事
4.punishsb.for(doing)sth因为(做)某事惩罚某人
5.makeadifference(tosb./sth.)(对……)有影响,起作用
6.doharmto对……有伤害
7.doasurveyon座一个关于……的调查
8.beharmfulto对……有害
9.notonly…but(also)…不但……而且……
8BUnit8单元测试(A)卷
一、短语翻译(每题1分,共10分)
1.依靠_______________2.对…有益_______________
3.关掉_________________4.过环保生活______________
5.减少空气污染_____________6.节约用水_______________
7.被分成……______________8.穷人_______________
9.被允许做某事_____________10.砍倒_______________
二、单项选择(每题1分,共15分)
()1.(2015江苏南京)It'sveryimportantforustoprotectnaturebecausewe_______itsrichresourcetolive.
A.dependonB.leaveforC.giveupD.leadto
()2.(2015江苏淮安)It'sgettingdark.Please_______thelight.
A.turnonB.turnoffC.turndownD.turnaround
()3.(2015江苏南通)—Hobo,canIeatthehamburger?
—Sure,ifthedishes_______.
A.washB.arewashedC.willwashD.willbewashed
()4.(2015江苏盐城)Withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,therewillbe_______livingspaceforwildanimals.
A.fewerandfewerB.lessandless
C.moreandmoreD.biggerandbigger
()5.(2015天津)Thenovel_______bymanypeopletoday.
A.isreadB.arereadC.readsD.wereread
()6.(2015黑龙江齐齐哈尔)Don'tforgetto_______thelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.
A.turnoffB.turndownC.turnupD.turnon
()7.(2015广东汕尾)The31stOlympicGames_______inRiodeJaneiro(里约热内卢)ofBrazilin2016.
A.isheldB.willholdC.willbeheldD.isgoingtohold
()8.(2015湖南永州)Readinginthesunisnotgood_______youreyes.
A.forB.aboutC.withD.around
()9.(2014上海)Airpollutionhasbecome_______thaneverbefore.Wemustdosomethingtostopit.
A.seriousB.moreseriousC.mostseriousD.themostserious
()10.(2014辽宁沈阳)Theofficephonesaredirtyandthey_______nextweek.
A.willcleanB.willbecleanedC.arecleaningD.arecleaned
()11.(2014天津)Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelight_______energy.
A.saveB.savingC.turndownD.turnaround
()12.(2015广西贵港)Jimwantstohangoutwithhisfriendsatnight,buthisparentsdon'tallowhim_______so.
A.doB.doesC.todoD.doing
()13.(2015广东)—Mum,shallwegotothebeachtomorrow?
—It_______theweather.
A.carriesonB.livesonC.dependsonD.holdson
()14.(2015山东日照)—Hey,turnitoff,please!
Wedon’t_______musicinthereadingroom.
—Oh,I'msorry,sir.Iwon’tdoitagain.
A.allowB.hearC.enjoyD.like
()15.(2014江苏连云港)—Aperson’slifeislikearoad_______lotsofdifficulties.
—Yes,soweneedpositiveenergy.
A.byB.withC.alongD.during
三、完形填空(每题1分,共10分)
(2008年福建省福州)LeonardodaVinciwasagreatartist.Helivedin1inthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturies.Hepaintedsomeof2picturesintheworld.MonaLisaisagoodexampleofhisworks.He3paintingMonaLisain1503.
DaVincilovedscienceand4.Heuseddarknessandlightinacleverwayinthepainting.Andapersoncan5seethatthereisalotofgeometry(几何学)inMonaLisa.ThefaceofMonaLisais6manycirclesandroundshapeslikeballs.Evenher7canbeseenasasmallpartofalargecircle.
Thewomaninthepaintingis8onabalcony(阳台)»andmountainscanbeseenbehindher.DaVincilovedtostudyrocksandmountains,9wecanseetheseinhisotherpaintings.
Thewomanissittingwithherkneestotheside.Hehandsareheldtogether10her.Thiswayofsittingisnowusedbymanyartistswhentheyarepaintingapictureofamanorwoman.
()1.A.ChinaB.ItalyC.JapanD.Canada
()2.A.lessfamousB.morefamous
C.theleastfamousD.themostfamous
()3.A.forgotB.beganC.allowedD.remembered
()4.A.mathB.musicC.EnglishD.chemistry
()5.A.earlyB.easilyC.safelyD.happily
()6.A.usedforB.workedoutC.putawayD.madeof
()7.A.cryB.tearsC.smileD.sadness
()8.A.lyingB.walkingC.sittingD.reading
()9.A.soB.butC.orD.until
()10.A.underB.behindC.nexttoD.infrontof
四、阅读理解(每题2分,共30分)
A(2015江苏盐城)
Itwasanotherdaytojumpropeingymclass.LynnandMiketurnedthelongropeinbig,slowcircles.Thewholeclasshurriedtogetinlinetowaitfortheirturntojump.Milliestoodatthebackofthelineandfrowned.
Nickwentfirst.Hewatchedtheropeandraninatjusttherighttime.Everyonecounted.Hemadeitallthewayto30jumps.Oneafteranother,thekidswatchedtherope,ranin,andjumped.ThenitwasMillie’sturn.Shewatchedtheropegoaroundandaround,butshedidn’tmove.Shefeltlikeeveryonewaslookingather.
Millie’sfriendscheered.“Go,Millie,go!
”
Millie’sfaceturnedred.Atlast,shegaveitatry,butshefailed.
ThetruthwasthatMilliehadbeenjumpingropeathomeeveryday.Withashortrope,shecouldjump100timeswithoutmissing.Shejustdidn’tknowhowtoruninandstartjumpingwithalongrope.Sinceshewastheonlykidonherstreet,therewasnoonetohelpturnthelongrope.
Justthen,MsMiles,thegymteacher,broughtoutabunchofshortjumpropes.
"Let'sseehowlongeachoneofyoucanjumpwithoutmissing,"shesaidasshegaveeachstudentashortrope,"Ready,set.Go!
"
Milliesmiledforthefirsttimeeveringymclass.Asshejumped,shesangrhymesquietlytoherself.
Afterawhile,Millierealizedthateveryonewascheering,"Go,Millie,go!
"
Shewastheonly
onestilljumpingrope!
Thesurprisealmostmadehermissastep,butshekeptgoing.Whenatlastshewastootiredtogoon,shestopped.Thewholeclasscheered.Everyonewaslookingatherandsmiling.Milliesmiledback!
()1.Whichwordistheoppositeoftheunderlinedwordfrowned?
A.Sat.B.Hid.C.SmiledD.Cried
()2.WhatproblemdidMilliehaveatthebeginningofthestory?
A.Shedidn'thaveanyfriendsinherclass.
B.ShefeltsadbecauseNickmadefunofher.
C.Shedidn'tknowthecheersthattheotherkidsknew.
D.Shedidn'tknowhowtostartjumpingwithalongrope.
()3.WhydidMilliesmileforthefirsttimeingymclass?
A.Shedidsomethingwellatlast.
B.Sheknewtheclasswouldcheerforher.
C.Shethoughtthatshewasgoingtomakeafriend.
D.Shebelievedthatshewouldbethewinnerofthecontest.
()4.Whichsentencecanbeputintheempty?
A.Theclassdecidedtoplaybaseball.
B.Milliewasthelastonestilljumpingrope.
C.Nickwontherope-jumpingcontest.
D.Millietriedtohideinthebackoftheline.
()5.HowmightMilliefeelwhenshestoppedjumpingatlast?
A.Proud.B.Bored.C.Mad.D.Silly.
B(2008黑龙江哈尔滨)
Asweallknow,theoceanmoves.Butwaves(波浪)breakingonthebeachmaketheoceanfun.Whenyoustandontheshore(海岸)andlookatthewaves,itseemslikethewaterisrolling(翻滚)intowardyou.Butthewaterisnotreallymovingforward.Whatyouseemovingiswaveenergy.Andwaveenergycomesfromthewind.
Le