高考英语二轮练习专项检测卷20阅读理解.docx
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高考英语二轮练习专项检测卷20阅读理解
2019高考英语二轮练习专项检测卷20－阅读理解
阅读理解
（限时25分钟）
（A）
（2018·襄阳模拟）
体裁
说明文
题材
科普类
词数
322
Talkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairytale.Butrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofways.Tounderstandthem,scientistssay,wejusthavetolearntheirlanguage.Farmersareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.
“Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms.Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteria,withotherplantsandinsects.Theydothischemically,”saidCahill,anEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanada.
Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemical“language”.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshown,forexample,thatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriateactions.Plantshaveanability,forexample,tosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectattack.JackSchultz,aprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissouri,sayswhenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.
“Theirlanguageisachemicallanguage,anditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheairthatareeasytobechangeable,andmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwith,”Schultzexplained.
“Allplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,”Schultzrecalled.“Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,eventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.”
Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicals.Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.
Intheend,plants’abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds—andourabilitytounderstandthem—couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicals,cutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.
1.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan____________.
A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalway
B.hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperature
C.useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartous
D.respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals
2.Whenbeingeatenbyaninsect,theplantwill___________.
A.walkawayfromtrouble
B.changeitschemistrytokilltheinsect
C.releaseachemicalvaporto“ask”otherplantsforhelp
D.giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectskillingthepest
3.Theunderlinedword“alerts”mostprobablymeans“____________”.
A.warnsB.protects
C.threatensD.allows
4.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.CommunicationbetweenPlants
B.AChemical“Language”
C.PlantsCanTalk
D.HowPlantsProtectThemselves
（B）
体裁
应用文
题材
广告类
词数
283
BFAOrganicSchoolGardensStarter
Where:
Melbourne,VIC
Starts:
01/02/2018at12:
00
InMay2017,theBiologicalFarmersofAustralia（BFA）startedtheBFAOrganicSchoolGardensProgram—afreeorganicgardeningprogramavailabletoallAustralianprimaryschoolsandanyonewithaninterestinorganicgardening.
Theprogramisdesignedforstudentsaged8～12yearsandprovidespracticalsupporttoschoolswithdetailedlessons.
Fundingisavailabletoassistschoolsthatrequireassistance.
KeeperforaDay
Price:
$102.00
Starts:
24/01/2018at09:
30
TeenagersarekeentofindoutwhatittakestoworkinazoocaringforanimalsareinvitedtocomeouttoWerribeeOpenRangeZoonextschoolholidays.
KeeperforaDayallowsparticipantstoworkinthezoofortheday,helpingoutourzookeepersandlearningaboutoneofthemostrewardingjobsatazoo.
Youwillgobehind-the-scenestakingpartinmanydailydutiesofazookeeperincluding
·Foodpreparation
·Healthchecks
·Animalcontact
Bepreparedforthesmell,sweatandofcourse,awholelotoffun!
KidsGoWildHoliday
Price:
$66.00
Starts:
24/01/2018at08:
30
Childrenaged5to12willhaveanactionpackedday,visitsecretareasofthezoo,meetanimalsupclose,chattozookeepers,takepartincraftandgames,andhavefunwithotherkidswhoareaswildaboutanimalsastheyare!
KidsGoWildHolidayrunseveryweekdayoftheschoolholidays!
Pleasecall92859406tobook.
CreateHabitatforEasternBarredBandicoots
Price:
free
Starts:
02/02/2018at08:
00
Helptocreatehabitat（栖息地）fortheendangeredEasternBarredBandicoot（纹袋狸）atWoodlandsHistoricParkinMelbourne.
Activitiesincludebuildingafence,removingweedsandplantingnativeplantstocreateasuitableenvironmentforthebandicootstobecomeawildspeciesagain!
5.Whichprogrammayprovidemoney?
A.BFAOrganicSchoolGardens.
B.KeeperforaDay.
C.KidsGoWildHoliday.
D.CreateHabitatforEasternBarredBandicoots.
6.WhatcanyoudoinKeeperforaDay?
A.Topreparefoodforzookeepers.
B.Tokeeptheanimalscoolintheshade.
C.Toremovethesmellofanimals.
D.Toexaminethehealthofanimals.
7.WhowilljoininKidsGoWildHolidayprogram?
A.Onewholikestoplayinazoowithanimals.
B.Onewhohasinterestinorganicgardening.
C.Onewhodoesn’tfearwildanimals.
D.Onewhogoeswildduringholidays.
8.TocreatehabitatforBandicoots,youneedtodothefollowingexcept_________.
A.buildingafenceforEasternBarredBandicoot
B.feedingtheendangeredEasternBarredBandicoot
C.plantingnativeplantsforEasternBarredBandicoot
D.removingweedstocreateasuitableenvironment
（C）
体裁
记叙文
题材
新闻报道
词数
354
LondonThursdayJuly26（Reuters）—IanJohnstonemissedhisgirlfriendsomuchthatheflewbacktoBritainfromAustraliatoproposetoher、Theproblemisthatsheflewintheoppositedirection、
HeandAmyDolbyevenmanagedtomisseachotherwhentheysatinthesameairportwaiting-roominSingaporeatthesametimetowaitforconnectingflights.
Dolby，heartbrokenwhenshearrivedatJohnstone’sSydneyapartmenttofindhehadflowntoLondon，toldtheTimes：
“Itwasasthoughsomeonewasplayingacrueljokeonus.HeisthemostromanticpersonIhaveeverknown、Ithinkourproblemisthatwearebothquiteimpulsive（冲动的）people.Wearealwaystryingtosurpriseeachother、”
Afteran11，000-mileflightacrosstheglobe，shewasgreetedbyJohnstone’sastonishedflatmateaskingwhatshewasdoingthere.
“TheterribletruthdawnedwhenIfoundthatIan’srucksackandmostofhisclothesweremissing.Isatontheendofhisbedandcriedmyeyesout、Andthatreallyannoyedme，”shesaiD、
Johnstone，a27-year-oldbricklayer，hadtakenayearofftotravelroundAustraliA、ButhewasmissingDolby，a26-year-oldsecretary，somuchthathegotajobonaSydneybuildingsiteandstartedsavingforasurprise.
HethenflewhometoBritainandwenttoherapartmentarmedwithanengagementring，champagneandflowers、
“IreallymissedAmyandI’dbeenthinkingaboutherallthetimE、IthoughtshewaswindingmeupwhenshephonedmefromAustraliA、”hesaiD、
JohnstonethenaskedDolbytomarryhimonthephonE、“Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughorcrybutIaccepted，”shesaiD、
DolbywasgivenashorttourofSydneybyJohnstone’sfriendsandJohnstonehadtostayinBritainfortwoweeksbecausehecouldnotchangehisticket、
9.Accordingtothetext，itseemedthat_____________.
A.JohnstoneandDolbycouldhaveseeneachotherinthesameairportwaiting-roominSingapore
B.JohnstoneandDolbypretendednottoseeeachotherinthesameairportwaiting-roominSingapore
C.theyounglovershadbothintendedtoproposetoeachother
D.DolbystayedlongerinSydneythanJohnstonestayedinBritain
10.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat__________.
A.JohnstonewasnotasimpulsiveasDolby
B.JohnstonegotajobinSydneyinordertostartsavingmoneyforasurprisetoDolby
C.Dolbywasheartbrokenbecausesomeonewasplayingacrueljokeonher
D.DolbywasgreetedbyJohnstone’sflatmateattheairport
11.WhenJohnstoneaskedhertomarryhimonthephone，Dolbydidn’tknowwhethertolaughorcrybecauseshehadamixedfeelingof________.
A.excitement，angerandshyness
B.sadness，happinessandsurprise
C.love,hatredandnervousness
D.cheer，regretandannoyance
12.Whichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?
a.JohnstoneflewbacktoBritaintoproposetohisgirlfriend，AmyDolby、
b.JohnstonestartedworkingataSydneybuildingsitE、
c.JohnstonewenttoAmy’sapartmentinBritainwithanengagementring、
d.JohnstoneproposedtoDolbyoverthephonE、
e.TheywerewaitingfortheirconnectingflightintheairportinSingaporE、
f.DolbycalledJohnstonefromAustraliA、
A.b—a—d—e—c—fB.c—a—b—e—f—d
C.b—a—e—c—f—dD.b—a—f—e—c—d
答案解析
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文，主要讲述了“植物的特殊语言”及其功能以及这种特殊语言对农业生产可能产生的指导意义。
1.【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第二段Plantsareabletocommunicatewith...Theydothischemically可知答案。
2.【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
根据第三段whenaplantsensesthatit’sbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvapor...以及倒数第二段Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.可知答案。
3.【解析】选A。
词义猜测题。
根据前后文意可知，植物在遭受攻击时会释放一种化学物质，这种物质有两种功能：
①“警示、提醒”危险的存在②“求助”的信息。
4.【解析】选C。
主旨大意题。
文章讲述的主题是“植物的特殊语言”及其功能。
C项概括了文章主题的同时又生动风趣，尤其Talk一词充满了拟人化的幽默感。
【文章大意】本文是广告类应用文。
介绍对学生和青少年有益的四项活动。
5.【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
从第一项活动介绍的最后一句Fundingisavailabletoassistschoolsthatrequireassistance.可知参与有机花园项目的学校如有需要还可以得到一笔基金的帮助，故A项正确。
6.【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
从第二项活动介绍可知，参与者可以帮助动物园的管理人员对动物进行体检（Healthchecks）。
7.【解析】选A。
推理判断题。
从第三项活动介绍中的visitsecretareasofthezoo,meetanimalsupclose可知A项正确。
D项是对原文信息“...andhavefunwithotherkidswhoareaswildaboutanimalsastheyare”的曲解。
8.【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
从第四项活动介绍中所给的信息Activitiesincludebuildingafence,removingweedsandplantingnativeplantstocreateasuitableenvironmentforthebandicoots可知B项不是其中的活动。
【文章大意】IanJohnstone非常思念他的女朋友，决定从澳大利亚乘飞机回伦敦向她求婚，为了给对方惊喜，没有提前告诉她。
可是AmyDolby，他的女朋友，却乘飞机去澳大利亚了。
最后AmyDolby在电话中接受了IanJohnstone的求婚。
9.【解析】选A。
从文章第二段可知，这对情人同时在新加坡的同一机场的候机室等待换机，所以说他们本可能见面。
10.【解析】选B。
从文章第六段可知，Johnstone为了给Dolby一个惊喜在悉尼的一家建筑工地打工攒钱。
11.【解析】选D。
通读全文可知，这对情人深爱着对方，既想念对方，又很浪漫，想给对方一个惊喜，最后不谋而合去找对方却没见到面，由此可推知Dolby听到Johnstone求婚时，既高兴，又后悔自己太冲动，同时也生气对方不提前通知自己。
12.【解析】选C。
根据文中讲述的故事可知，事情发生的先后顺序为C项所描述的。
【拓展提升】
词汇识记
（阅读理解·A）
organismn._________
evaluatevt.___________
appropriateadj.__________
befamiliarwith__________
答案：
有机体评估适当的对……熟悉
升级会员 