语法 冠词.docx

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语法冠词

第2讲——冠词

考点目录

一.不定冠词Vs.定冠词

二.定冠词

三.零冠词

四.不定冠词

一.不定冠词Vs.定冠词

考点法则:

1.冠词的考点:

(1)单数名词前加定冠词、不定冠词,复数名词不加冠词:

都可以表示“一类”;

(2)序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别:

“the+序数词”表示“第几……”

“a+序数词”表示“又一,再”

(3)专有名词前的冠词使用:

一般不用冠词,如Frank,China等。

但以下几种情况用冠词:

①“the+姓氏复数”表示“…夫妇”或“姓…的一家人”;

②“a(n)+人名”表示“…式的人物”或“有一个名叫…的人”;

③由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加the;

(4)物质名词和抽象名词前冠词的使用:

一般不用冠词,如water,knowledge,但是下列情况要用冠词:

①特指时要加the;

③若不定冠词放在coffee,tea,beer,drink等物质名词前可表示“一杯/罐/瓶”。

(5)表示三餐的名词前的冠词使用:

breakfast,lunch,supper等前一般不用冠词,但被形容词修饰时用a/an;特指时要用the。

(6)play后的乐器和球类名词的冠词使用:

play后接西洋乐器名词时,要加定冠词;

但erhu(二胡)之类的汉语拼音的中国民乐名称前就不用冠词;

play后面接球、棋、牌等之类的名词前也不用冠词。

(7)表示季节、月份、星期的名词前的冠词使用:

一般不用冠词,但特指时用the;

(8)表示节日的名词前的冠词使用:

含有day的节日前一般不用冠词,

如MayDay,NewYear’sday,ChristmasDay,AprilFool’sDay,

Mother’sDay等;

但中国独有的传统节日名称前常用the,

如theSpringFestival(春节),theMid-autumnFestival(中秋节)。

(9)两个并列名词前冠词的使用:

指同一人、同一物或同一概念时,第二个名词前不用冠词,

如ateacherandwriter(一位教师兼作家),

ahorseandcart(一辆马车),aknifeandfork(一付刀叉);

但若是指两个人时,第二个名词前一般也要加冠词,

如amanandawoman(一个男人和一个女人)。

2.冠词的解题技巧:

中文翻译法:

(1)“一”:

an/a

(2)“这/那(些)”:

the

1.Sheis____________newcomerto____________chemistrybutshehasalreadymadesomeimportantdiscoveries.(1994全国)

A.the;the         B.the;不填

C.a;不填        D.a;the

2.Manypeopleagreethat____________knowledgeofEnglishisamustin

____________internationaltradetoday.(1996全国)

A.a;不填      B.the;an

 C.the;the     D.不填;the

3.——Haveyouseen____________pen?

Ileftitherethismorning.

——Isit____________blackone?

IthinkIsawitsomewhere.

(1997全国)

A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a

4.Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwith____________animalsof____________differentkindunlesstheykillthemforfood.

(2000全国)

A.the;aB.不填;a

C.the;theD.不填;the

5.——Where’s____________nearestbookstore?

——There’soneat____________endofthestreet.(2000上海春)

A.the;anB.a;theC.the;theD.a;an

6.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dliketo____________thirdone,because____________secondisrathertoosmall.(2002上海)

A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a

7.Jumpingoutof____________airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite____________excitingexperience.(2002全国)

A.不填;theB.不填;anC.an;anD.the;the

8.There’s____________dictionaryon____________deskbyyourside.(2003北京)

A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the

9.Thesignreads“Incaseof____________fire,breaktheglassandpush____________redbutton.”(2003全国)

A.不填;a          B.不填;the       C.the;the        D.a;a

10.Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis____________partthatitplayedin____________IndustrialRevolution.(2004重庆)

A.不填;不填B.the;不填

C.the;theD.a;the

11.Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto____________hotel;Icanfindyou____________bedinmyflat.

(2004全国1)

A.the;aB.the;不填C.a;theD.a;不填

12.——John,thereis____________Mr.Wilsononthephoneforyou.

——I’min____________bath.(2004全国4)

A.a;the    B.the;a     C.a;不填   D.the;不填

13.____________on-goingdivisionbetweenEnglish-speakingCanadiansandFrench-speakingCanadiansis____________majorconcernofthecountry.(2004北京)

 A.The;不填 B.The;a     C.An;theD.An;不填

14.Foralongtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying____________word.Jimwasthefirsttobreak____________silence.(2004湖南)

A.the;aB.a;theC.a;/D.the;/

15.Itis____________worldofwonders,____________worldwhereanythingcanhappen.(2004福建)

A.a;theB.a;a

C.the;aD.不填;不填

16.Mrs.Taylorhas____________8-year-olddaughterwhohas____________giftforpainting—shehaswontwonationalprizes.(2005浙江)

A.a;aB.an;theC.an;aD.the;a

17.Thisbooktells____________lifestoryofJohnSmith,wholeft____________schoolandworkedforanewspaperattheageof16.(2005辽宁)

A.the;theB.a;the

C.the;不填D.a;不填

18.Ifyougrowupin____________largefamily,youaremorelikelyto

develop____________abilitytogetonwellwith____________other(2005江西)

A./;an;theB.a;the;/C.the;an;theD.a;the;the

19.Ifyougoby____________train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget____________fastone.(2005全国3)

A.the;theB.不填;a

C.the;aD.不填;不填

20.Iknew____________JohnLemon,butnot____________famousone.(2005山东)

A./;aB.a;theC./;theD.the;a

21.Itisoftensaidthat____________teachershave____________veryeasylife.(2005北京)

A.不填;不填B.不填;a

C.the;不填D.the;a

22.Ican’trememberwhenexactlytheRohinsonsleft____________city.Ionlyrememberitwas____________Monday.(2005湖南)

A.the;the       B.a;the          C.a;a         D.the;a      

23.OnMay5,2005,at____________WorldTableTennisChampionship,KongLingHuiandWangHaowonthegoldmedalinmen’sdoubleswith____________scoreof4:

1.(2005江苏)

A.a;aB.不填;theC.a;不填D.the;a

24.____________recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersintheU.S.wouldbehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakersby____________year2090.(2005北京春)

A.A;theB.A;不填C.The;不填D.The;a

25.Don’tworryifyoucan’tcometo____________party.I’llsave____________cakeforyou.(2006浙江)

A.the;someB.a;muchC.the;anyD.a;little

26.Ofall____________reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewas____________mostimportantone.(2006辽宁)

A.the;aB.不填;aC.不填;theD.the;the

27.Accordingto____________WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent____________spreadofAIDS.(2006陕西)

A.the;不填  B.the;theC.a;aD.不填;the

28.Forhim___________stageisjust____________meansofmakingaliving.(2006山东)

A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the

29.In____________reviewof44studies,Americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof____________heartdiseaseby76%.(2006湖南)

A.a;theB.the;aC.a;不填 D.不填;a

30.——Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover________keyboard.

——Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear____________computer.(2006北京)

A.the;不填       B.the;a          C.a;不填       D.a;a

参考答案:

1.C2.A3.D4.A5.C6.C7.C8.A

9.B10.C11.A12.C13.B14.B15.B16.B

17.C18.B19.B20.B21.B22.D23.D24.A

25.A26.D27.B28.B29.C30.B

二.定冠词

考点法则:

定冠词的用法:

(1)特指,翻译成中文为“这/那个(些)”;

(2)表示世界上独一无二的事物;   

(3)用在序数词、形容词最高级前面,以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的

比较级前;   

(4)用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩;   

(5)用在单数名词前表示一类人或事物;     

(6)与某些形容词连用表示一类人;   

(8)用在表示方位或乐器名称的名词之前;

(9)用在“the+整十复数”前表示年代;   

(10)“动词+人+介词+the+人体部位或衣着”中:

用于该句型的动词常常是表示“打、抓、牵、拉、拍、踢”等动词。

1.Myfathertoldmehewassoongoingtovisit____________.(1981全国)

A.theUnitedStateB.theUnitedStates

C.UnitedStatesD.UnitedState

2.Aliceisfondofplaying____________pianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto____________music.(1989全国)

A.不填;theB.不填;不填

C.the;不填D.the;the

3.Beyond____________stars,theastronautsawnothing

but____________space.(1990全国)

A.the;不填B.不填;the

C.不填;不填D.the;the

4.AlexanderGrahamBellinvented____________telephonein1876.

(1991全国)

A.不填B.aC.theD.one

5.Thewarmthof____________sweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortof____________woolused.(2001全国)

A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/

6.Hisdaughterisalwaysshyin____________andsheneverdarestomakeaspeechto____________.(2001上海)

A.thepublic;thepublicB.public;thepublic

C.thepublic;publicD.public;public

7.____________MrSmith,there’samanat____________frontdoorwhosayshehasnewsforyouofgreatimportance.(2001全国)

A.the;不填B.the;the

C.不填;不填D.不填;the

8.Abullethitthesoldierandhewaswoundedin____________leg.(2001上海)

A.aB.oneC.theD.his

9.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dliketo____________thirdone,because___________secondisrathertoosmall.(2002上海)

A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a

10.Thesignreads“Incaseof____________fire,breaktheglassandpush____________redbutton.”(2003全国)

A.不填;a          B.不填;the       C.the;the        D.a;a

11.Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis____________partthatitplayedin____________IndustrialRevolution.(2004重庆)

A.不填;不填B.the;不填

C.the;theD.a;the

12.Iknowyoudon’tlike____________musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof____________musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?

(2006全国2)

A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the

13.Ofall____________reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewas____________mostimportantone.(2006辽宁)

A.the;aB.不填;aC.不填;theD.the;the

14.Accordingto____________WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent____________spreadofAIDS.(2006陕西)

A.the;不填B.the;theC.a;aD.不填;the

15. Ilookedunder____________bedandfound____________bookIlost

lastweek.(2007北京)

A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;theD.the;不填

16.Haveyouheard____________news?

Thepriceof____________petrolisgoingupagain!

(2008湖南)

A.the,theB.不填,the

C.the,不填D.不填,不填

17.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtouse____________Internetas____________resource.(2008山东)

A.不填;aB.不填;theC.the;theD.the;a

18.Myneighboraskedmetogofor____________walk,butIdon’tthinkI’vegot____________energy.(2008辽宁)

A.a;不填B.the;the

C.不填;theD.a;the

19.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby____________seainsteadofdrivingacross____________continent.(2008江苏)

A.the;theB.不填;the

C.the;不填D.不填;不填

20.____________applefellfromthetreeandhithimon________head.(2008浙江)

A.An;theB.The;the

C.An;不填D.The;不填

21.Thisareaexperienced____________heaviestrainfallin____________monthofMay.(2009辽宁)

A.不填;aB.a;the

C.the;theD.the;a

参考答案:

1.B  2.C  3.A   4.C  5.B   6.B  7.

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