必修一Unit45定语从句.docx
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必修一Unit45定语从句
回顾高考：
1．Ladysandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane.
AtakesoffBistakingoffChastakenoffDtookoff
2.Tom,youdidn’tcometothepartylastnight?
I,butIsuddentlyrememberedIhadhomeworktodo.
AhadtoBdidn’tCwasgoingtoDwoundn’t
3.Insuchdryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.
AhavesurvivedBaretosurviveCwouldsurviveDwillsurvive
4.Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyouthisjob？
Well,Iamthinkingaboutthesalary---
AofferBwillofterCareofferedDwillbeoftered
5.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealafamiliarvoicecametohisears.
AwhyBwhereCwhenDwhile
6.DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?
Oh,no,Iforgot.Ihernow.
AwillbecallingBwillcallCcallDamtocall
7.WhatdidyoudolastSunday,Peter?
Well,Itoseeafriendofmine,butintheendIstayedathomedoingnothing.
AwasgoingBhasgoneCwentDhadgone
8.Becausetheshop,alltheT-shirtaresoldathalfprice.
AhascloseddoneBcloseddownCisclosingdownDhadcloseddown
必修一Unit4定语从句
（一）
定语：
用于修饰名词或代词。
AustraliaisanEnglish-speakingcountry.
从句：
是一个成份，由一个句子充当某个成份。
Aclockisamachinethattellspeopletime.
定语从句：
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。
从句的位置：
在名词或代词后。
先行词：
从句所修饰的名词或代词就叫做先行词。
关系词：
引导定语从句的词（关系代词和关系副词）。
关系词的作用：
（1）引导定语从句
（2）在从句中作一成份
（3）代替先行词在从句中的位置
关系代词：
who,whom,whose,that,which,as
关系副词：
where,when,why
关系代词的具体应用
1.who指人，常在定语从句中作主语
（1）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
（2）YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.
2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语，常省略,在口语中也可用who代替whom.
区别:
who可以做主语而whom不可以，whom前可以加介词如towhom，但是who不可以
（1）Mr.Liuistheperson（whom）youtalkedwithonthebus.
（2）Mr.Lingisjusttheboy（whom）Iwanttosee.
（3）Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.
（4）HeisthemanwhohasanEnglishbook.
3.whose可修饰人也可修饰物，在定语从句中做定语。
（1）Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
（2）Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?
4.which指物，在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语，做宾语时常可省略。
（1）Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.
（2）Thisisthepen（which）heboughtyesterday.
5.that即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语，做宾语时常可省略。
That指人相当于who，whom；指物时，相当于which。
（1）Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.
（2）Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning
只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况
1）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；
Thisisthefirstbook（that）hehasread.
ThisisoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.
2）当先行词是不定代词时，如all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,nonesome等.
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
Iamsureshehassomething（that）youcanborrow.
3）当先行词被all,every,some,any,no,oneof,theonly,thevery,thelast,just等修饰时。
I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.
ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.
4）先行词中既有人又有物时；
Hespokeofthethingsandpersonsthathehadseenabroad.
Theschoolandstudentsthathevisitedmadeadeepimpression（印象）onhim.
5）当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Whothathassuchahomedoesn’tloveit?
Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoread?
6）在therebe句型中，用that引导且可以省略。
ThereisabookonthedeskthatI’mveryinterestedin.
7）关系代词在定语从句中作tobe的表语时。
Tomisn’ttheboythatheusedtobe.
8）当先行词是way,moment,time,reason,distance等时用that，且可以省略。
ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeeninbBejing.
习题巩固：
1..All______helearnedfromtheteachersisvaluable.
2.Youcanfindalltheinformation_______youneedontheInternet.
3.Hetoldmeeverything______heheardatthemeeting.
4.Sydneyisthefirstplace______IvisitedinAustralia.
5.Thisisthemostamusing（惊讶的）story______Ihaveread.
6.Theonlyinformation_____Igotishisaddress.
7.Thisistheverymoment______candecideyourfuture.
8. I’llneverforgetthebeautifulvillageandthekindvillagers_____Ivisitedthesummerholiday.
9.Whoistheman______isstandingbythewindow?
只能用which引导定语从句的情况：
1.引导非限制性定语时。
限制性定语从句和非限性定语从句
用法与区别
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
“限”是先行词不可缺少的定语.如果省去，主句意思不完整或不明确；“非限”只是附加说明。
Allthepeopleweretalkingaboutthewonderfulcloth
theemperorhadordered
tobewoven
Theysetupastateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.
“限”于主句之间不能用逗号隔开；“非限”与主句之间要用逗号隔开。
Sheisthenursewholooksafterthechildren.
Theletterisfrommysister,whoisworkinginBeijing.
“限”可以用that引导；“非限”不能用that引导
Thatistheverytoolthatwearelookingfor
Isawagoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch
“限”的关联词作宾语时可省；非限则不可
Iwillneverforgettheday（that）wespenttogetherthere
Hisdog,whichhelikedverymuch,diedyesterday.
“限”一般只修饰先行词；非限既可修饰先行词，也可是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分
Ihavefinishedthenovelthatyoulentmeyesterday
Hesuddenlyfellill,whichpreventedhimfromgoingtoschool.
（1）Themachine,whichIhavelookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.
（2）Shefailedtheexam,whichmadeherparentsvaryangry.
（3）Hesawafilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.
2.当关系代词前有介词时
（1）Myglasses,withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.
（2）ThisistheroominwhichChairmanoncelived.
:
which在这两种情况下即使在句中作宾语也不能省。
3.当先行词本身就是that或一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用which
（1）Thatwhichyoutoldhimahoutiswhatwewanttoknow.
（2）LetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.
只能用who引导定语从句
1.当先行词是指人的不定代词，如one,ones,anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,none等。
ThepersonIwanttolearnfromisonewhostudieshard.
2.在Therebe句型中，先行词指人。
Thereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou
3.先行词是those且指人。
Thosewhohaveanydifficultywithpronunciationshouldpractisemore.
4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个who
Themanthatwaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodest.
As引导定语从句
1.as用作关系代词，表示（正如……）,（就象……）,（由……而知）即可指人，也可指物。
在定语从句中可作主语，宾语和表语。
它常用在Thesame---as---,such---as---,as---as---,等句型中as不能省略。
（1）SuchteachersasknowTomthinkhimbright.
（2）.Heisnotsuchamanasonlythinkofhimself.
（3）.IshouldliketousethesamepenasIusedyesterday.
2.as引导非限制定语从句，代表整个主句内容。
从句可放在主句前，主句中或主句后。
Asweknow,Chinahasbecomeaworldfamouspowerfulnation.
注意as,which引导非限制性定语从句有什么不同吗？
1.which的先行词可以是名词，as不可。
（1）Themeeting,whichwasheldinthepark,wasagreatsuccess.
（2）Allthebooks,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.
2.which和as都可代替整个句子的意思，但which引导的从句不放句首。
（1）Cruso’sdogbecameillanddied,whichmadehimverylonely.
（2）Asweexpected,ourfootballteamlostthematchagain.
知识巩固：
一．Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,which,whoseorthat.
1.Aclockisamachine_________tellspeoplethetime.
2.Anurseisaperson__________looksafterpeoplewhoareill.
3.Thehouse_________heislookingforisveryexpensive.
4.Heistheperson_________Imetintheparkyesterday.
5.Sheistheengineer________workisconsideredtobethebesthere.
6.Ihavelostthewatch_________myfathergavetometwoyearsago.
7.Thisistheperson_______storysurprisedeverybody.
8.Theperson_______designwerethebestwasMr.King.
二．单选
1.Weshouldlearnfromthose___arealwaysreadytohelpothers.
A.who B.whom C.they D.that
2.Mr.Herpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho___inChina.
A.works B.isworking C.areworking D.hasbeenworking
3.I,___yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whois B.whoam C.thatis D.whicham
4.Theman___hasgonetoJapan.
A.whomItoldyou B.thatItoldyou
C.whomItoldyouabouthim D.Itoldyouabout
5.Pleasepassmethedictionary___coverisblack.
A.which B.its C.whose D.whichof
6.Alltheapples___felldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.
A.which B./ C.that D.they
7.Icantellyou___hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhich B.allwhat C.thatall D.allthat
8.Thisisthebiggestlab___wehaveeverbuiltinouruniversity.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
9.Isoxygentheonlygas___helpsfireburn?
A.that B./ C.which D.what
10.Air,___webreatheeveryday,isaroundusallthetime.
A.that B./ C.which D.it
11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress____sheiswearing.
A.as B.that C.which Dthan
12.Thisisthemountainvillage______wevisitedtheotherday,
A.whichB.inwhichC.whereD.when
13.Achild______parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.
A.whichB.hisC.whoseD.with
14.Doyouknowthedate_____Lincolnwasborn.
A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that
15.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_____,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.
A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while
16.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_____didn’thelp.
A.heB.whichC.sheD.it
17.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.
A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom
知识回顾：
1.Canyousolvesuchproblems___raisedbytheaudience?
A.whatwere B.aswere C.thatwere D.whichwere
2.HemustbefromAfrica,____canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.that B.as C.it D.what
3.___isnatural,hemarriedMary.
A.It B.What C.Which D.As
4.All___isneededisasupplyofoil.
A.thething B.that C.what D.which
5.Sheheardaterriblenoise,___broughtherheartintohermouth.
A.it B.which C.this D.that
6.Don'ttrustsuchmen____overpraiseyoutoyourface.
A.
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