视听说.docx

视听说.docx

《视听说.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《视听说.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

视听说

1、Therearemanykindsfear.Somepeoplefearthedark.Someareafraidtogooutside.Othersareafraidtobeshutupinclosedspaces.Somefearheight.Whatisyourdeepestfear?

Whatarethepossiblereasonsforyourfear?

Andhowcanyouovercomeit?

Ifearmanythings,likeworms,deathandsometimesIfeardark.Mostofthosephobiacanbeovercomebynottocontactwith,likeworms,nottoimagine,likedeath.ButthereisonethingIcan’thandleitbymyself.That’stheGlossophobia.IknowsthatbecauseonceIstandonthestage,IrealizethatItendtoratethefearpublicspeakingmorethandeath.

Oncethespeechstarts,myheartbeginsbeatingevenmorerapidlyandthenIwillstarthearingthetrembleinmyvoice.Iwillstartstutteringorstartspeakingrapidly.Thenegativethoughtsoflookingfoolishstarttocloudmymindanditgoesblank.Thenyouknowthesnowballingeffectcomes.

Evenafterthespeechisover,Istillfeelembarrassedandlookingstupidoccupymymind.Ilosemyconfidencebyoneafteranotherfailure.

Peopletypicallyareafraidofpublicspeakingbecauseofthefearoflookingandsoundingfoolishinpublic.Thisfearisaninnateemotionalresponsetoathreatandisabasicandnaturalhumanresponse.ButitissoserioustomethatIcan’tjustconformmyselfbyignoringit.IfindI’malwaysdoingmybesttoplease,alwayswantingtokeepeverythingundercontrol,perfectionism,beingunabletodealwithanger,andbeingrigidinmyattitude.Iwantpeopletounderstandme.Iwanttobesuccessful,Iwanttoperformmyself.ButIcan’tavoidbeingnervousandfailure.That’swhyIfearpublicspeechthemost.

Ifindsomesolutionstoit.

1）RationalizingyourFear

Theonlywaytocombatthefearistotrainthemindtoacknowledgethatfearisnormalandthateveryonefacesthisfearinvariesdegrees.

2）ComePrepared

Thebestwaytogainconfidenceinconqueringstagefright（惊骇）istocomewellpreparedforaspeech.Knowingyourtopicwellisthekeytogainingconfidence.

Goodcommunicationsbeginswithanunderstandingoftheaudience.Forexample,ifyouraudienceismostlyprimaryschoolchildren,itisadvisabletokeepyoursentenceshortandyourlanguagesimple.

3）PracticeMakesPerfect

Beforespeakinginfrontofalargeaudience,startbypracticinginfrontofamirror.Oncetheinitially"silliness"isovercome,trypracticinginfrontofyourbestfriendorasmallgroupofclosefriendsandfamily.

Havingafriendlycrowdwhoaresupportiveofthespeakerwilldefinitelyhelpinboostingselfconfidence.

4）BreatheIn,BreatheOut

Rememberingtokeepcalmisimportantwhengivingaspeech.Giveyourselfthreebreathstorelaxyourbodyandmentallycountto10beforestartingthespeech.

Takenotetospeakinslowmeasuredbreatheswhenspeaking.Thiswillcalmyournervesbybringinginmoreoxygentoyourbrainandalsoworksingettingtheaudiencetofollowyourtrainofthought.

5）FindaReasontoJustDoIt...AgainandAgain

Excellentpublicspeakersdonotbecomeexcellentbygivingonespeech.Theyunderstandthatconfidencecomesbygivingmanyspeeches.

Seekoutaninstructortogiveyouadviceandtopushyoutoimproveyourselfwhenspeaking.Onlybyconstantlygivingspeecheswillyouovercomethefearofpublicspeakingandwithtimeandpractice,itonlygetseasier.

"Youcanhavebrilliantideas,butifyoucan'tgetthemacross,yourideaswon'tgetyouanywhere."

--LeeIacocca

2、Howdoyoulieadsontheweb?

Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofadvertisingon-line?

Theinternethasbecomeanongoingemergingsourcethattendstoexpandmoreandmore.Thegrowthofthisparticularmediaattractstheattentionofadvertisersasamoreproductivesourcetobringinconsumer.Aclearadvantageaconsumerhaswithonlineadvertisementisthatheorshehascontrolovertheitem,choosingwhethertocheckitoutornot.[1]onplatformssuchasfacebook,Twitter,orMyspacehasreceivedincreasedrelevance.Webrelatedadvertisinghasavarietyofsitestopublicizeandreachanicheaudiencetofocusitsattentiontoaspecificgroup.Researchhasproventhatonlineadvertisinghasgivenresultsandisagrowingbusinessrevenue.Fortheyear2012,Jupiterresearchpredicted$34.5billioninUSonlineadvertisingspending.

Onemajorbenefitofonlineadvertisingistheimmediatepublishingofinformationandcontentthatisnotlimitedbygeographyortime.Tothatend,theemergingareaofinteractive（交互式的）advertisingpresentsfreshchallengesforadvertiserswhohavehitherto[,hiðə'tu:

]（至今为止）adoptedaninterruptivestrategy.

Anotherbenefitistheefficiencyofadvertiser'sinvestment.Onlineadvertisingallowsforthecustomizationofadvertisements,includingcontentandpostedwebsites.Forexample,AdWords,Yahoo!

SearchMarketingandGoogleAdSenseenableadstobeshownonrelevantwebpagesoralongsidesearchresult.

I’llaskafewquestionstoshowthedisadvantages.

Arelowclickratesevidencethatanadhasnothadanyimpacton

consumerbehavior?

Aresearchshowsthatthereislessthan1%clickofanad.

Doesonlinedisplayadvertisingworkinasimilarmannertotraditionalofflineadvertisingwithmultipleexposuresovertimebeingneededtoeffectachangeinconsumerbehavior?

Infacttraditionaladdoesmakedeepimpressiononcustomers.

Doesthead’spositioninwebsiteorthetimeitshownonthepagematters?

Actuallytheadvertiserchargesmorefeeifyouwanttoputadonprimetimeandtheconspicuousposition.

Soadonlineisjustanotherformmulti-mediaad.

3、Documentaryfilmsarebetterthanfictionalfilmsbecausetheformerdepictsarealworld"doyouagreewiththisstatement?

Pleasespecifyyourreasons.

byHuangXiaoyun,XinhuawriterYangShilong

TORONTO,Sept.19（Xinhua）--Someofthemarereallyfunny,somearedeadlycontroversial,buttheeffectisthesame--documentaryfilmshavegarneredunprecedentedattentionattheTorontoInternationalFilmFestival（TIFF）.

"TheToppTwins",afilmaboutNewZealand'sfinestlesbiancountry-and-westernsingers,onSaturdaytookthePeople'sChoiceAwardsfordocumentaryfilm.Andthefirstrunner-upwas"Capitalism:

aLoveStory,"themostrecentpieceofthecontroversialyetwell-recognizedMichaelMoorefromtheUnitedStates.

Itwasthefirsttimeinits34-yearhistoryforthebiggestNorthAmericanfilmcelebrationtoaddadocumentarycategorytoitsmuch-covetedPeople'sChoiceAwards.

"Webalancedthetopicsofthedocumentariesandlookforfilmsfromdifferentaspectswhenwewereselectingmovies.Wetriedtohaveaninternationalview."ThomPowers,TIFFdocumentaryprogrammer,toldXinhuaonSaturdayrightbeforethereleaseoftheAwards'winners.

"Thisyear'sdocumentarieshaveasenseofimmediacylikeneverbefore,"Powerssaid."Currenteventsaregettingafreshperspectiveinfilmsaboutthepost-crasheconomy,Iran,Berlusconi,surrogatemothers,U.S.Armyveteransandmore."

Powers,alsothefounderandartisticdirectoroftheStrangerThanFictiondocumentaryseriesinNewYork,hasselecteddocumentarymoviesfortheTIFFforfouryears.ThepremiereshehaspresentedincludefilmsfromveterandirectorssuchasWernerHerzog,JonathanDemme,DavidGuggenheimandKevinRafferty,aswellasthefirstfeaturelengthworksofAdriaPetty,KristopherBelmanandJeffreyLevy-Hinte.

"MaybeIcreatedtoomanynoisesabouthowimportantdocumentaryfilmis,soTIFFagreeswithmeinordernottohearfrommeagain,"PowersquippedwhenaskedwhytheTIFFcreatedaseparatedocumentarycategoryinthePeople'sChoiceAwards.

Therealityisthatinthepasttwoyearsthedocumentaryfilmswerethefirstrunner-upsoftheTIFF'stopprize.LastyearMoreThanAGame,adocumentaryaboutNBAsuperstarLeBronJames,wasnexttothePeople'sChoicewinnerSlumdogMillionaire.

"Ifdocumentariescometosoclose,weshouldacknowledgeit,"Powerssaid.

Thethemeof"Localizationvs.Globalization!

"permeateseverydocumentaryfilminthe2009editionofTIFF.Mostofthedocumentariesareabouthowtheeconomy,theenvironmentandtheenergycrisisareallinterconnected,suchasdisappearingbees（Colony）,billionsin"stolen"art（TheArtoftheSteal）,anapocalypticviewofthefuture（Collapse）,andoutsourcingtoIndiaincludingsurrogacy（GoogleBaby）.

Interestinglyenough,MichaelMooreandhis"Capitalism:

ALoveStory"wereperhapsthemostreportedtopicinadditiontothisyear'sPeople'sChoicewinningmovie,LeeDaniels'"Precious."

Mooresaidthatthemainideaofhismoviesistomakepeople"uncomfortable."Heevenofferedhissympathytoabunchofjournalists,onthegroundthat"thedailynewspaperwillbedyingintwoyears."

"It'ssaditisthelasttimeIwillseeyouinapressconference,"hesaid,addingthatcapitalismkilledthenewspaperbecauseofitsgreed,whichleadsthenewspaperstoputtheadvertisingrevenueinthefirstandthecirculationinthesecond.Therefore,whenaddriesup,newspapersdieforsure.

Contrarytothenewspaper'sgrimfuture,Powerssaid,themarketofdocumentaryfilmsisgrowingastheygiveafullerpictureoftoday'smajorpolitical,economicandsocialeventsotherthanfastandfragmentedinformationpeoplepickedupfromtheFacebookandtheTwitter.

"Itgivesyouagoodmorethanoneandahalfhourstolearnandunderstandanevent,atrendorevenatragedy,"hesaid.

Meanwhile,someofthedocumentariespremieredattheTIFFarequitepopularwiththeaudienceafterreleasingtothepubliclastyear.Forexample,"TheFoodInc."mademorethanfourmillionU.S.dollarsinboxoffice.

"Thetearsarereal,thelaughsarereal,theangersarere