赖世雄高级美语.docx
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赖世雄高级美语
赖世雄高级美国英语教程
Catalog
Lesson1 Let’sVisitNewYork!
-1-
Lesson2 TheAmish -3-
Lesson3 IndoorPollution -5-
Lesson4 Pizzas,Please!
-7-
Lesson5 HotAnimalsaroundtheWorld:
Chameleons -9-
Lesson6 TableMannersinAnglo-America -11-
Lesson7 TheDelightsofSouthIsland -14-
Lesson8 Ireland'sContributiontoEnglish -16-
Lesson9 WhyIsBasketballSoPopular?
-19-
Lesson10 MarlenaSmallsandtheGullah:
TheRevivalofaUniqueCommunity -21-
Lesson11 EnglishintheCaribbean -23-
Lesson12 TheLouvre:
TheWorld'sBestMuseum?
-25-
Lesson13 TheIvyLeagueSchools:
ExcellenceinEducation -27-
Lesson14 AlpineTreasures -29-
Lesson15 Webcams:
ElectronicsToolortheEndofPrivacy?
-31-
Lesson16 WhenIstheBestTime?
-33-
Lesson17 PreciousandSemi-PreciousStones -36-
Lesson18 HotAnimalsAroundtheWorld:
TheKoala -39-
Lesson19 AsianAmericans -42-
Lesson20 ScourgeofthePlains:
Tornadoes -45-
Lesson21 What'sSoBigaboutMobyDick?
-48-
Lesson22 Boston:
HearthofAmericanCulture -50-
Lesson23 Paper'sLongMarch -53-
Lesson24 CoffeeorTeaBreak?
-55-
Lesson25 EarthquakePrecautions -57-
Lesson26 Berries:
Nature'sNaturalDesserts -59-
Lesson27 TheGlobalProliferationofEnglish -61-
Lesson28 TipsonEnglishBodyLanguage -63-
Lesson29 TheFundamentalsofPublicSpeaking -65-
Lesson30 NewOrleans:
BirthplaceofJazz -68-
Lesson31 TheFineArtofGiving -71-
Lesson32 ProfessionalTelephoneEtiquette -73-
Lesson33 DidYouRememberYourTickets?
-76-
Lesson34 EnglishSmallTalkTopics:
WhatIsOKandWhatIsNot?
-79-
Lesson35 HotAnimalsaroundtheWorld:
ThePanda -82-
Lesson36 Vancouver:
Asia'sNewestCity -84-
Lesson37 TheGermanicLanguages -86-
Lesson38 LearningHowtoApologize -89-
Lesson1 Let’sVisitNewYork!
NewYork,NewYork.Thecitysonicetheynamedittwice.
ThesewordswereusedtodescribeNewYorkWhenitwasbyfarthelargest,richest,andmostdevelopedcityintheUnitedStates.NewYorkstillremainsthelargestandmostfamouscityintheU.S.Today,butsomeofits"nice"reputationhasfallenoverthepastthirtyyearswithstoriesoframpantcrimemakingheadlinesaroundtheworld.Howtruearethesestories?
IsNewYorkstilla"nice"placetovisit?
Ifso,whatcanatouristdoinNewYork?
Let'stakeacloserlookatAmerica'spremiercity.
First,aspersonalandsocialsecurityarealwaysuppermostinthemindsoftravelers,justhow"dangerous"acityisNewYork?
Despitetheglaringheadlines,NewYork,locatedinthenortheasternU.S.,isoneofthesafestcitiesintheU.S.Infact,NewYorkstates(whichincludeNewYorkcitythus,"NewYork,NewYork,thecitysonicetheynamedittwice")ranksbelowotherbig-populationStateslikeCaliforniainbothviolentcrime(ofmuchconcerntothetourist)andpropertycrime.Othermajorciteshavehighercrimerates,too.Thus,theforeigntravelertoNewYorkCitycanfeelmoresecureherethaninmostotherlargemetropolitanareasoftheU.S.
Besidessafety,whydomoreforeignersvisitNewYorkthananyotherAmericancity?
TheanswerliesinthecharacterofNewYorkitself.Noothercityintheworldismorecosmopolitan.Awalkthroughitshundredsofresidentialneighborhoodsislikewalkingaroundtheworlditself.PlacenameslikeChinatownandlittleItalycanbefoundonanymapofNewYork,butsmallerethnicneighborhoodsalsoabound.Also,allthesegroupssponsorannualorseasonalfestivals,sothatnearlyeveryweekoneormoreofthesepeopleswillsharetheirculturalexperiences(andfood!
)withotherNewYorkers.
Becauseofthisunsurpassedethnicdiversity,therestaurantgoerwillfeelthathehasdiedandgonetoheavenwhileinNewYork.Thereishardlyacuisineontheplanetthatisnotrepresentedhere.Evenbetter,manyoftheseexoticrestaurantsarereasonablypriced.OneisneverfarfromarestaurantinNewYork.TherearethousandsofChineserestaurantsalone.
Besidestheinternationallyfamoussight-seeingattractions-mostlyintheborough(district)ofManhattan-suchastheStatueofLiberty,theworldtradecenterwithitstwo110-storytowers,WallStreet,theUnitedNations,andBroadway,manyotherinterestingplacesawaitthecurioustraveler.TheBronxZoointhenorthernboroughoftheBronxisoneoftheworld’sbest.TheboroughofQueensoffersagreatvarietyofethnicresidentialneighborhoods.BrooklyncontainstheBotanicalGardens,ConeyIsland(abeachwithanamusementPark),andJ.F.K.InternationalAirport.Finally,StatenIsland,thesmallestborough,stillaffordsaLookatwhatNewYorkusedtobelike,includingafarm!
Forculturelovers,NewYorkhasmoremuseumsthananyothercity,butsomeofthesearenotinternationallyknown.Avisittoanyofthesehistorical,technical,ethnic,oracademicmuseumsiswellworththetime.NewYork'sart,music,dance,andfashionscenesareameccafortheyoungandprofessionalalike.TheinternetwebsiteforspecificinformationonNewYorkCityandstatetourismiswww.iloveny.state.ny.us.Atoll-freenumberfortouristsalreadyintheU.S.orCanadaisalsoavailableat1-800-call-NYS.
Nomatterwhatyourinterestis,ifitcanbefoundinanurbanenvironment,itcanbefoundinNewYork.Itseightmillioncitizenshailfromeverycorneroftheglobe,buttheyareunitedintheloveoftheirchallengingbutrewardingcity.Asthelocalstheresay,"Sure,youhavetobealittlecrazytoliveinNewYork,butyou'dbenutstoliveanywhereelse!
"
Lesson2 TheAmish
Inthelandofrockandroll,thespaceshuttle,andcomputerizedliving,whocouldimaginethatabout50,000Americansdonotusetelephones,electriclights,orcars,notbecausetheyarepoor,butoutofchoice?
Ashardasthismaybetoimagine,theAmish,ormoreproperly,theAmishMennonites,stillliveatraditional,rurallifestyledirectfrom17thcenturyEurope!
TounderstandtheseuniqueAmericansbetter,itisnecessarytounderstandtheirhistory.BeginningwiththerevolutionstartedbyMartinLuther,leaderoftheProtestantReformationinGermanyinthe16thcentury,Europewaswrackedbyreligiouswarsforseveralhundredyears.ModemEuropeisaproductofthesewarsandofthepoliticalandreligiousphilosophiesofthosetimes.ThemainfiguresinthistragicperiodweretheRomanCatholicChurchandtheProtestants,thosewhorebelledagainstpapalrulefromRome.AmongthethousandsofsplintergroupsformedoutsideofRome'sreligiousruleweretheMennonites,agroupofparticularlyconservative,ruralChristianssituatedinwhatistodaySwitzerland,partofeasternFrance,andsouthernGermany.
Tomakealongstoryshort,theMennoniteAmishweresoconservativethattheymademoreenemiesthanfiends.Inordertopreservetheirpeculiarlifestyle,theybegantoimmigratetotheBritishcoloniesinNorthAmericainabout1720(beforeCanadaandtheUnitedStateswereformedasindependentcountries).Theretheyfoundthereligiousfreedomtheyhadsought.AmishsettlementssprangupinthecoloniesandterritoriesofPennsylvania,Ohio&IndianaaswellasinOntario,inwhatistodayCanada.Surprisingly,therearenoAmishgroupstodayinEurope.
Littlehaschangedabouttheirlifestylesincethen.JusthowconservativearetheAmish?
AgroupofAmishlookslikeacastfromabiblicalmovieset.Allthemenwearlargebrimmedblackhats,beards(butnotmustaches),andclothesmadebytheirwives.Thewomenwearahaircoveringcalledabonnet,longdresses,andblackshoes.EventhoughallAmishmenandwomenmarry,youwillnotseeaweddingring,foreventhissimplesttypeofjewelryisbannedamongthem.TheAmishareprimarilyfarmers,andgoodones,despitethefactthattheydonotusemodemfarmmachinery.Theirchildrenareeducatedinlocalprimaryschools,butsecondaryeducationisinthehome.Sundaysarespentmostlyinchurch.AnolddialedofGermanmixedwithEnglishisusedinchurchandathome.TheirlivesareuncomplicatedandfewAmishleavetheirhomestoenterthemainstreamAmericansociety.
RuralPennsylvaniawheremostoftheAmishliveisbeautifulcountryside.Ifyouhavetheopportunitytodrivethroughthegentle,rollinghillsamidstlushfarmlands,perhapsyouwillseeahorseandbuggydrivenbyafamilydressedmostlyinblack.ThesearetheAmish,anenduringandendearingpeople.
Lesson3 IndoorPollution
Doyouthinkthatbystayingathomeyouaresafefromalltheterriblekindsofpollutionpresentoutdoors,suchasinornearfactories,roads,andgarbagedumps?
Doyouthinkthatbystayinginyourofficeyouarebreathingcleaner,saferairthanwhenyougooutsideforlunchorareonthewaybackhomefromwork?
Thinkagain.RecentresearchdoneattheUniversityofTexashasshownthatstayingindoorsmayactuallybemoreharmfultoone'shealththanbeingoutdoorseveninsmoggycities.
Apparently,wearesafeneitherathomenorinthebusinessoffice.Weusewaterinbothplaces,buttheabove-mentionedresearchshowsthatchemicalsaddedtoourlocalwatersupplytokillharmfulbacteriacanhaveunwantedsideeffects.Thesechemicalscancausepotentialharmthroughdrinkingandinseeminglyharmlessactivitiesascleaningone'shouse.Theseadditivesarereleasedfromwaterbydailyactionslikewaterrunningoutoffaucets,sprayingfromgardenhoses,orsplashingindishwashersandwashingmachines.Asthewaterisagitated,thesechemicalsarereleasedintotheairandthenbreathedin.Onceinsideourbodies,theystarttoaffectourhealt