英语高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案.docx

英语高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案.docx

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英语高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Off-Peakfaresarecheaperticketsfortravelingontrainsthatarelessbusy,offeringgoodvalueformoney.Theticketsmayrequireyoutotravelatspecifictimesofday,daysoftheweekoronaspecificroute.WherethereismorethanoneOff-Peakfareforajourney,thecheaperfareiscalledSuperOff-Peak.

   YoucanbuyOff-Peakticketsanytimebeforeyoutravel,eitheronlineoratalocalstation.ThetravelrestrictionsforyourOff-Peakticketwilldependonthejourneyyouaremaking.Theticketsmustbeusedonthedateshownontheticket.ForOff-Peakreturntickets,relatedjourneysmustbemadeonthedateshownonyourticketaswell.

   Childrenagedfivetofifteengeta50%discountforallOff-Peakfares.Upto2childrenunder5yearscantravelfreewitheachfarepayingadult.Railcardholdersget1/3offallStandardClassOff-Peakfares.Senior,anddisabledRailcardholdersalsogetI/3offallFirstClassOffPeakfares.PleasenotethatminimumfaresandtimerestrictionsmayapplytoticketsboughtwithaRailcard.

   Ifyouplanonatraintripwithfriendsoryourfamily,youmaygetgrouptraveldiscounts.Threeorfourcantravelforthepriceofjusttwoadults—leavingeveryonemoremoneytospendonthedayout!

IfyouaretravelinginagroupoftenormoreatOff-Peaktimes,youmaybeabletoobtainafurtherdiscountthroughthetraincompanyyouaretravelingwith.Contactthetraincompanydirectlyandbeawarethatyoumayneedtobookticketsinadvance.

   Formoreinformation,pleasevisitwww.nationalrail.co.uk

（1）AnOff-Peakticketdiffersfromotherticketsin        .

A. itsgoodvalueformoney                                

B. itsconvenience

C. thespecifictrains                                             

D. travelschedules

（2）ApartfromtheOff-Peakfares,youmayalsosavemoneyby         .

A. becomingaVIP                                                

B. travelingatrushtime

C. buyingticketsonline                                        D. gettinggrouptraveldiscounts

（3）Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A. Anannouncement.                                           B. Aticketbookingguide.

C. Abusinessreport.                                            

D. Atravelreview.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇订票指南，介绍如何能订到更便宜的火车票。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句Off-Peakfaresarecheaperticketsfortravelingontrainsthatarelessbusy,offeringgoodvalueformoney.可知，非高峰期车票与其他门票相比便宜，花的值。

故答案选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句Ifyouplanonatraintripwithfriendsoryourfamily,youmaygetgrouptraveldiscounts.可知，你也可以通过获得团体旅行折扣来节约钱。

故答案选D。

（3）主旨大意题。

纵观全文，特别是第一段第一句Off-Peakfaresarecheaperticketsfortravelingontrainsthatarelessbusy,offeringgoodvalueformoney.第二段第一句.YoucanbuyOff-Peakticketsanytimebeforeyoutravel,eitheronlineoratalocalstation.和最后一段第一句Ifyouplanonatraintripwithfriendsoryourfamily,youmaygetgrouptraveldiscounts.可知本文是一篇机票预订指南。

故答案选B。

【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：

①排除干扰项，突出主题。

事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰项。

②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如forexample，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

③快速通篇跳读，自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。

④注意识别指代词语。

为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。

2．阅读理解

   Automaticdishwashershavebeenaroundformorethan100years.Itstartedin1886withJosephineCochrane,awomaninShelbyville,Illinois.Shewasarichwomanwhocouldaffordservantstowashherdishes,soshereallydidn'tmindthework.Whatshedidmindwasthatherservantsbrokethedishes.Shehostedquiteafewdinnerparties,andaftereverypartytheservantsbrokemoreofherexpensivedishes.

   Finally,Cochranetookaction.First,shemeasuredherdishesandbentwireintorackstoholdthem.Next,sheputtheracksonawheelinalargecopperboiler.Then,theboilersprayedhot,soapywateronthedishesasamotorturnedthewheel.Afterahotwaterrinse（冲洗）,thedisheswereclean!

   JosephineCochrane'sfriendswereimpressedwiththemachineandaskedhertobuildmore.Afterthat,wordgotoutfast.Soonhotelandrestaurantownerswhodidn'tlikebrokendishesalsowereinterested.Cochranethenknewthatshehadawonderfulmachine,soshereceivedapatentfromthegovernment,whichsaidthatonlytheinventorcanmakemoneyfromaninvention.Thenin1893ChicagoheldaWorld'sFairwhereinventionsfromallovertheworldwereshown.Cochrane'slabor-savingmachinewasabighit.Herdishwasherwonthehighestaward.

   Cochrane'scompanycameoutwithasmallermachinein1914.Itwassupposedtobefortheordinaryhome,butitwasn'tanimmediatesuccess.Manyhomescouldn'tproducetheextremelyhotwateritneeded.Also,inmosthomes,dishwashingwasn'tconsideredverydifficultcomparedtomostotherhousework.Infactsomepeoplelikedtorelaxatthesinkafterahardday!

Salesofthehomemodelfinallypickedupinthe1950swhenpeoplehadmoremoneyandwantedtohavemoretimetoenjoythemselves.Nowmanyhomeshaveelectricdishwashersthataren'tverydifferentfromtheoneJosephineCochraneinventedmorethan100yearsago.

（1）WhydidJosephineCochraneinventthedishwasher?

A.Toreducethenumberofservants.

B.Toavoidpossibledamagetothedishes.

C.Tohostmoredinnerparties.

D.Tomakethedishescleaner.

（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedwordsinParagraph3suggest?

A.Themachinewasn'tasefficientasdescribed.

B.JosephineCochranecouldnolongerkeepitasecret.

C.Josephine'sfriendssoonbegantotalkaboutthenewmachine.

D.Theinventiondrewimmediateattentionofthepublic.

（3）Thesmallermachinebecamepopularonlywhen_____.

A.people'slivingconditionsimproved

B.hotwaterwasnotneeded

C.houseworkbecameeasier

D.peoplehadmorerelaxingjobs

（4）ComparedwithCochrane'sinvention,modernelectricdishwashers_____.

A.costlessmoney

B.arequitedifferent

C.washmanyotherthings

D.aremuchthesame

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自动洗碗机的历史由来。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Whatshedidmindwasthatherservantsbrokethedishes.Shehostedquiteafewdinnerparties,andaftereverypartytheservantsbrokemoreofherexpensivedishes.”她所介意的是她的仆人打破了餐具。

她举办了几次宴会，每次宴会之后，仆人们都打破了她昂贵的餐具。

为了避免打破她的餐具，后来JosephineCochrane发明了自动洗碗机，故选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。

根据第三段中的“JosephineCochrane'sfriendswereimpressedwiththemachineandaskedhertobuildmore.”JosephineCochrane的朋友们对这台机器印象深刻，并要求她建造更多；以及“Soonhotelandrestaurantownerswhodidn'tlikebrokendishesalsowereinterested. ”不久，不喜欢打破餐具的酒店和餐馆老板也对这个机器感兴趣。

根据划线句子的前后两句可以推断JosephineCochrane发明自动洗碗机的消息传播的很快，也就表明了Theinventiondrewimmediateattentionofthepublic这项发明立即引起了公众的注意。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Salesofthehomemodelfinallypickedupinthe1950swhenpeoplehadmoremoneyandwantedtohavemoretimetoenjoythemselves.”在20世纪50年代，当人们有更多的钱，希望有更多的时间来享受时，这种家用模式的销售终于恢复了。

也就是人们的生活条件提高了，自动洗碗机才流行起来，故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Nowmanyhomeshaveelectricdishwashersthataren'tverydifferentfromtheoneJosephineCochraneinventedmorethan100yearsago.”现在，许多家庭都有电动洗碗机，与100多年前JosephineCochrane发明的洗碗机没有太大的不同，因此现代洗碗机和JosephineCochrane发明的洗碗机几乎一样，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Sometimes,youjustcan'thelpit.Maybeyou'rewatchingasadmovie,orthinkingaboutthefriendwhomovedaway.Nextthingyouknow,youfeelpressureinyourthroat,youreyesarewatering,andyouhavetearsrunningdownyourcheeks.

   AccordingtoAdVingerhoets,aprofessorofpsychologyatTilburgUniversity,intheNetherlands,whoisoneofthefewscientistsintheworldwhohavestudiedcrying,therearethreetypesoftears.Basaltearsarethefirsttype.TheyactasaprotectivebarrierbetweentheeyeandtherestoftheWorld.Nextarereflextears.Theywashyoureyescleanwhensomethinggetsinthem.Finally,thereareemotionaltears."Thesearereleasedinresponsetoemotionalstates,"explainsVingerhoets.

   Scientistsbelievecryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnedtodependoneachother."Humansareverycomplexsocialcreatures,"saysLaurenBylsma,aprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania."Itseemsthattearsservetoarousehelpandsupportfromothers,"Shesays.

   Vingerhoetsagrees,"Ithinkthatthereasonwhyhumansshedtears（流眼泪）hassomethingtodowithourchildhood,"hesays."that'sthetimewhenwearestilldependentonadultsforloveandprotectionandcare.Themajoradvantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson."Vingerhoetssaysthisabilitycouldhavecomeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention."Inthiscase,itisbettertouseasilentsignaltoaskforhelp,"hesays.

   VingerhoetsandByhmadofrequentstudiestobetterunderstandwhyhumanscry.AccordingtoByhma,thereisstillmuchmoretodiscover."It'ssurprising,"shesays,"howmuchwestilldon'tknow."

（1）Inthescientists'opinion,cryingis________.

A.asignofhumanevolution

B.aresultofhumankindness

C.acauseofpersonalgrowth

D.ameansofrelyingoneachother

（2）Theunderlinedphrase"thisability"inthelastparagraphreferstotheabilityto________.

A.seekhelpwisely

B.aimtearsatsomeone

C.cryemotionally

D.appealtootherpeople

（3）Fromthetext,welearnthatAdVingerhoetsandLaurenBylsma________.

A.holddifferentopinionsaboutthecausesoftears

B.thinkpositivelyoftheeffectsoftears

C.areworkingtogethertostudytears

D.havelearnedenoughabouttears

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Thetypesoftears

B.Thecomponentsoftears

C.Thescienceoftears

D.Theopi